Electricity And Energy Policy In Britain France And The United States Since 1945

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Electricity and Energy Policy in Britain, France and the United States Since 1945

Martin Chick
Electricity and Energy Policy in Britain France and the United States Since 1945 Book PDF

Author : Martin Chick
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2007-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781847206893

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Electricity and Energy Policy in Britain, France and the United States Since 1945 by Martin Chick Pdf

. . . it s a valuable and laudable work. . . I found it interesting and helpful to have an account of the parallel developments in the other two countries. . . An analysis of important aspects of British and French energy policy development based on primary sources is a worthwhile contribution. A broad comparative synthesis of energy policy in the three countries is also a worthwhile contribution. John Neufeld, EH.NET The main objective of this very interesting book is to analyse from economic history and political economy perspectives the similarities and differences in the forms that the electricity sector has been organized and the ways that energy policy has developed in Britain, France, and the US. The book s organization and the clarity of the writing make for a highly rewarding read. . . Chick has dedicated many years to studying the electricity sector, and this book demonstrates his mastery of this complex industry. . . Chick s book will be of decided interest to energy specialists, but it will also appeal to a broader readership including economic historians, political economists, and other social scientists who wish to understand the crucial role that energy has played in international politics, economic growth, and human welfare during the period since the Second World War. Judith Clifton, The Economic History Review Chick s superb study of this crucial sector goes right to the heart of a number of problems associated with markets and government, casting light on each. It also sheds light in unexpected areas, and in particular on the history of economic thought. Above all, this volume succeeds admirably in fusing the best techniques of business and economic history to show why history matters for present-day policy. Roger Middleton, Business History This history of the post-WWII electricity supply industry in France, Great Britain and the US is well researched and well written. . . The author draws on newly available archival material to develop a sophisticated, deeply informed portrayal of the evolutionary process in each nation. . . This well-crafted industrial history should be of interest to practitioners and policy makers as well as students and scholars. Highly recommended. R.C. Singleton, Choice Nationalisation, regulation, privatisation: beyond polemics, history lessons by Martin Chick. Alain Beltran, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne, France International economic history is not just concerned with flows of capital and goods. It involves comparisons of the economic policy and organisation of specific economic sectors. In this excellent book, Martin Chick examines energy policy issues, policy formation, policy makers and their advisers, in USA, France and Britain, drawing on original archive sources. He brings out the importance of strategic issues, including security, in the switch from coal to oil and natural gas, the European debate on coal and steel, pricing in electricity supply and finally privatisation and liberalisation of markets. It is a fine exercise in political economy and will appeal to scholars and students of politics as well as of history, economics and business studies. Robert Millward, University of Manchester, UK Analyzing the work of economic theorists and policy practitioners from the 1840s to the present, this sophisticated historical account helps scholars understand better the profound obstacles to making successful energy policy today. In particular, the cross-national study highlights the primacy of social, political, and historical forces over rational economic theory, demonstrating that energy policy making has never been (and will likely never become) a pure science based on cherished academic principles such as marginal-cost pricing. Richard Hirsh, Consortium on Energy Restructuring, Virginia Tech, US Martin Chick s overview of the formation and implementation of energy policy in three countries since 1945 is a remarkable achievement. Writing clearly, confidently a

Liberalization of Electricity Markets and the Public Service Obligation in the Energy Community

Rozeta Karova
Liberalization of Electricity Markets and the Public Service Obligation in the Energy Community Book PDF

Author : Rozeta Karova
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2012-02-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789041141910

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Liberalization of Electricity Markets and the Public Service Obligation in the Energy Community by Rozeta Karova Pdf

This book presents the first in-depth analysis of the export of the EU electricity acquis, through the imposition of an EU-type regional electricity market (REM) in SEE within the enlargement process. Among other germane issues, the author discusses the following: the suitability of the European model of electricity markets’ liberalization for economies in transition; the use of the Public Services Obligations (PSO) to address the impact of electricity markets liberalization; the use of regulated prices and measures for granting priority rights for cross-border capacity allocation as PSOs; the Court of Justice judgement in Federutility on the sustainability of states’ protection of their different types of customers, including the large businesses; the Energy Community as a step towards a Pan-European Energy Community; the effect of simultaneous national electricity markets liberalization and cross-border regional integration of national electricity markets; and, the interplay between liberalization policy and reforms and the regulatory tools available to address their impact on provision of public services. The author’s proposed rethinking of the public services obligation offers new views on using this tool more effectively and proposes possibilities for its practical implementation through measures such as energy efficiency, allocation of interconnectors’ capacity, transparency, addressing the affordability issue and the protection of vulnerable customers. The book is remarkable for its clear analysis of the policy lessons arising from the export of the idea of liberalized energy markets, and will be welcomed by practitioners, officials, academics and others in energy law and policy for its informative and forward-looking overview of the national and cross-border reforms in the Energy Community framework.

Britain, Europe and Civil Nuclear Energy, 1945–62

Martin Theaker
Britain Europe and Civil Nuclear Energy 1945 62 Book PDF

Author : Martin Theaker
Publisher : Springer
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2018-03-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9783319739274

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Britain, Europe and Civil Nuclear Energy, 1945–62 by Martin Theaker Pdf

This book examines the role played by civil nuclear energy in Britain’s relationship with Europe between the end of the Second World War and London’s first application to join the European Communities. Tracing the development of the British nuclear programme as it emerged as a global leader in constructing the world’s first atomic power stations, it analyses how the threat of energy shortages throughout the 1950s presented ministers with a golden opportunity to utilise nuclear cooperation as an instrument to influence the political shape of Europe. Importantly, this book will show how this chance was missed by ministers due to a combination of disorganization and diplomatic pressure, as well as a perennial lack of domestic resources. In so doing, this book joins the long-disconnected historiographies of European integration and nuclear energy to offer a new perspective on both scholarly fields.

Artists of the Possible

Matt Grossmann
Artists of the Possible Book PDF

Author : Matt Grossmann
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2014-04-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190243326

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Artists of the Possible by Matt Grossmann Pdf

Do policymakers heed the voices of the American public or only the lobbyists in Washington? Why do they take action on health reform, but not gun control? Why does policymaking usually move slowly, and sometimes not at all? Artists of the Possible takes on these questions, analyzing sixty years of domestic policy history to provide a new understanding of what drives policymaking in all three branches of government. The results are surprising: public policy does not address the public's largest concerns. The amount of policy-and its liberal or conservative direction-emerges instead from coalition building and compromises among political elites. Elections, public opinion, and media coverage have little impact, no matter the issue area. Even changes in Washington's partisan balance and ideological divides fail to reliably produce shifts in policy direction. This data-rich, exhaustively researched work overturns our most basic assumptions about how policy is made, challenging the notion that our government is of, by, and for the people.

Oil and Sovereignty

Rüdiger Graf
Oil and Sovereignty Book PDF

Author : Rüdiger Graf
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2018-04-23
Category : History
ISBN : 9781785338076

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Oil and Sovereignty by Rüdiger Graf Pdf

In the decades that followed World War II, cheap and plentiful oil helped to fuel rapid economic growth, ensure political stability, and reinforce the legitimacy of liberal democracies. Yet waves of price increases and the use of the so-called “oil weapon” by a group of Arab oil-producing countries in the early 1970s demonstrated the West’s dependence on this vital resource and its vulnerability to economic volatility and political conflicts. Oil and Sovereignty analyzes the national and international strategies that American and European governments formulated to restructure the world of oil and deal with the era’s disruptions. It shows how a variety of different actors combined diplomacy, knowledge creation, economic restructuring, and public relations in their attempts to impose stability and reassert national sovereignty.

Reappraising State-Owned Enterprise

Franco Amatori,Robert Millward,Pier Angelo Toninelli
Reappraising State Owned Enterprise Book PDF

Author : Franco Amatori,Robert Millward,Pier Angelo Toninelli
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136738296

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Reappraising State-Owned Enterprise by Franco Amatori,Robert Millward,Pier Angelo Toninelli Pdf

After a quarter century of almost general condemnation and rebuttal of the entire nationalization experience, it appears that there are second thoughts about governmental direct intervention in the economy. Reappraising State-Owned Enterprise deals with a topic often undervalued in the past decade but which now, with the crisis of 2008-2009, calls for greater attention: the direct intervention of the State as Entrepreneur. The collection of essays in this volume – prepared by some of the leading authorities in the field – offers a contribution to this debate by providing a balanced assessment of two of the most relevant experiences of mixed economies, the United Kingdom and Italy. In this respect, a comparison between these two countries is very much appropriate since in both nations the State played an important role as "Entrepreneur" starting in the early 20th century. In Great Britain and Italy, the heyday of the "State as Entrepreneur" was in the years right after WWII when it was used as a tool for promoting a modern society in which citizens acquired a stronger sense of belonging to their nations. The UK and Italy saw the State take on a too-pervasive role in the 70s; the two nations responded in different ways. In the 1980s Great Britain embarked on a harsh process of privatizations while Italians struggled on until finally submitting to privatizations in their nation in the following decade. The deep crisis of the final years of the 21st century forced both nations to reconsider State interventions as an appropriate tool in order to protect the wellbeing of the national economy.

Energy Transition of the Electricity Sectors in the European Union and Japan

Maciej M. Sokołowski
Energy Transition of the Electricity Sectors in the European Union and Japan Book PDF

Author : Maciej M. Sokołowski
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2022-07-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783030988968

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Energy Transition of the Electricity Sectors in the European Union and Japan by Maciej M. Sokołowski Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the energy policies in the European Union and Japan in terms of electricity markets and climate action, including energy efficiency, renewable energy sources, and the reduction of emissions. The book evaluates and compares the regulatory frameworks for achieving energy transitions by answering a number of questions focused on the essence and range of the regulatory models used by leading global economies which herald carbon neutrality by 2050. The book provides a useful framework that systematises Japanese and European energy policies and legislation including electricity-related policies, plans, and programmes. Discussing these issues in relation to the European and Japanese 2050 energy transition the author delves into the four pillars of the transition: market reform, reduction of emissions, promotion of renewables, and enhancing energy efficiency. Each chapter demonstrates the timing of the actions undertaken both in Europe and Japan; analyses the character of the conducted actions, evaluates the stakeholders of the realised agenda; and presents the technologies involved in the energy transition.

The Oxford Handbook of Business and Government

David Coen,Wyn Grant,Graham Wilson
The Oxford Handbook of Business and Government Book PDF

Author : David Coen,Wyn Grant,Graham Wilson
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 804 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2010-02-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191607523

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The Oxford Handbook of Business and Government by David Coen,Wyn Grant,Graham Wilson Pdf

Business is one of the major power centres in modern society. The state seeks to check and channel that power so as to serve broader public policy objectives. However, if the way in which business is governed is ineffective or over burdensome, it may become more difficult to achieve desired goals such as economic growth or higher levels of employment. In a period of international economic crisis, the study of how business and government relate to each other in different countries is of more central importance than ever. These relationships have been studied from a number of different disciplinary perspectives - business studies, economics, economic history, law, and political science - and all of these are represented in this handbook. The first part of the book provides an introduction to the ways in which five different disciplines have approached the study of business and government. The second section, on the firm and the state, looks at how these entities interact in different settings, emphasising such phenomena as the global firm and varieties of capitalism. The third section examines how business interacts with government in different parts of the world, including the United States, the EU, China, Japan and South America. The fourth section reviews changing patterns of market governance through a unifying theme of the role of regulation. Business-government relations can play out in divergent ways in different policy and the fifth section examines the contrasts between different key arenas such as competition policy, trade policy, training policy and environmental policy. The volume provides an authoritative overview with chapters by leading authorities on the current state of knowledge of business-government relations, but also points to ways in which this work might be developed in the future, e.g., through a political theory of the firm.

Changing Times

Martin Chick
Changing Times Book PDF

Author : Martin Chick
Publisher : An Economic and Social History of Britain
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2020-01-15
Category : Great Britain
ISBN : 9780199552788

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Changing Times by Martin Chick Pdf

This is a study of how, and why, the British economy has changed since 1951. It covers the Golden Age of 1945-1973 when unemployment was below one million; when governments built millions of council houses and flats; when electricity, telephones, and gas were supplied by nationalised monopolies; when income and wealth inequality were narrowing; and when the UK was not a member of the European Economic Community. Moving through the inflation, rising unemployment, and rapid contraction of the manufacturing industry from the mid- 1970s, Changing Times examines the transfer of assets which was effected in the privatisation of public housing and nationalised industries from the early 1980s. The role of the State changed as public investment fell. The financing of old-age care, of state pensions, and of the National Health Service became of increasing concern and were less politically amenable to the approach of using private finance (the Private Finance Initiative and tuition fees) to fund former public obligations. Changes were made to the system of taxation, but public expenditure changed little as a share of national income, although the government now built little. Difficulties emerged in ensuring adequate housing for a growing population, and uncertainty grew as to where future investment in necessities like electricity supply would come from. Having narrowed in the Golden Age, inequality of income and wealth widened. Environmental concerns also grew, from the local smogs of the 1950s, through the concern with acid rain from the 1960s, to the current global concern with climate change. The financial crash of 2008 and the decision to 'Brexit' in the referendum of 2016 reduced economic growth and highlighted the extent of economic change since 1951. This is a study of that change.

Nuclear Power and Energy Policy

Gerry Stoker,Keith Baker
Nuclear Power and Energy Policy Book PDF

Author : Gerry Stoker,Keith Baker
Publisher : Springer
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2016-04-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781137433862

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Nuclear Power and Energy Policy by Gerry Stoker,Keith Baker Pdf

This book explores how different governments have leveraged their capacity to advance a revival of nuclear power. Presenting in-depth case studies of France, Finland, Britain and the United States, Baker and Stoker argue that governments may struggle to promote new investment in nuclear power.

Short Circuiting Policy

Leah Cardamore Stokes
Short Circuiting Policy Book PDF

Author : Leah Cardamore Stokes
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190074258

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Short Circuiting Policy by Leah Cardamore Stokes Pdf

"Short Circuiting Policy examines clean energy policies to understand why US states are not on track to meet the climate crisis. After two decades of leadership, American states are slipping in their commitment to transitioning away from dirty fossil fuels towards cleaner energy sources, including wind and solar. I argue that organized combat between advocate and opponent interest groups is central to explaining why US states have stopped expanding and even started weakening their renewable energy policies. Fossil fuel companies and electric utilities played a key role in spreading climate denial. Now, they have turned to climate delay, working to block clean energy policies from passing or being implemented, and driving retrenchment. Clean energy advocates typically lack sufficient power to overcome electric utilities' opposition to climate policy. Short Circuiting Policy builds on policy feedback theory, showing the conditions under which retrenchment is more likely. Depending on their relative political influence, interest groups will work to drive retrenchment either directly by working with legislators, their staff and regulators; or, indirectly through the parties, the public and the courts. I also argue that policies likely effects are not easy to predict-an effect I term "the fog of enactment." But overtime, federated interest groups can learn to anticipate policies' consequences through networks that cross states-lines. Examining US energy policy over the past century, and Texas, Kansas, Arizona and Ohio's clean energy laws over the past two decades, I show how opponents have thwarted progress on climate policy"--

A Constitutional Order of States?

Anthony Arnull,Catherine Barnard,Michael Dougan,Eleanor Spaventa
A Constitutional Order of States Book PDF

Author : Anthony Arnull,Catherine Barnard,Michael Dougan,Eleanor Spaventa
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2011-03-03
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781847317810

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A Constitutional Order of States? by Anthony Arnull,Catherine Barnard,Michael Dougan,Eleanor Spaventa Pdf

This collection celebrates the career of Professor Alan Dashwood, a leading member of the generation of British academics who organised, explained and analysed what we now call European Union law for the benefit of lawyers trained in the common law tradition. It takes as its starting point Professor Dashwood's vivid description of the European Union as a 'constitutional order of states'. He intended that phrase to capture the unique character of the Union. On the one hand, it is a supranational order characterised by its own distinctive institutional dynamics and an unprecedented level of cohesion among, and penetration into, the national legal systems. On the other hand, it remains an organisation of derived powers, the Member States retaining their character as sovereign entities under international law. This theme permeates both the constitutional and the substantive law of the Union. Contributors to the collection include members of the judiciary and distinguished practitioners, officials and academics. They consider the foundations, strengths, implications and shortcomings of this conceptual framework in various fields of EU law and policy. The collection is an essential purchase for anyone interested in the constitutional framework of the contemporary European Union.

The Oxford Handbook of Energy Politics

Kathleen J. Hancock,Juliann Emmons Allison
The Oxford Handbook of Energy Politics Book PDF

Author : Kathleen J. Hancock,Juliann Emmons Allison
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 833 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2020-10-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190861360

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The Oxford Handbook of Energy Politics by Kathleen J. Hancock,Juliann Emmons Allison Pdf

"In many ways, everything we once knew about energy resources and technologies has been impacted by: the longstanding scientific consensus on climate change and related support for renewable energy; the affordability of extraction of unconventional fuels; increasing demand for energy resources by middle- and low-income nations; new regional and global stakeholders; fossil fuel discoveries and emerging renewable technologies; awareness of (trans)local politics; and rising interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the need for energy justice. Research on these and related topics now appears frequently in social science academic journals-in broad-based journals, such as International Organization, International Studies Quarterly, and Review of International Political Economy, as well as those focused specifically on energy (e.g., Energy Research & Social Science and Energy Policy), the environment (Global Environmental Politics), natural resources (Resources Policy), and extractive industries (Extractive Industries and Society). The Oxford Handbook of Energy Politics synthesizes and aggregates this substantively diverse literature to provide insights into, and a foundation for teaching and research on, critical energy issues primarily in the areas of international relations and comparative politics. Its primary goals are to further develop the energy politics scholarship and community, and generate sophisticated new work that will benefit a variety of scholars working on energy issues"--

In Search of Good Energy Policy

Marc Ozawa,Jonathan Chaplin,Michael Pollitt,David Reiner,Paul Warde
In Search of Good Energy Policy Book PDF

Author : Marc Ozawa,Jonathan Chaplin,Michael Pollitt,David Reiner,Paul Warde
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 389 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2019-06-20
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108481168

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In Search of Good Energy Policy by Marc Ozawa,Jonathan Chaplin,Michael Pollitt,David Reiner,Paul Warde Pdf

Offers an innovative look at why science and technology cannot alone meet the needs of energy policy making in the future.

Energy and Power

Stephen G. (Associate Professor of History and Director of the Center of European and Mediterranean Studies Gross, Associate Professor of History and Director of the Center of European and Mediterranean Studies New York University),Stephen G. Gross
Energy and Power Book PDF

Author : Stephen G. (Associate Professor of History and Director of the Center of European and Mediterranean Studies Gross, Associate Professor of History and Director of the Center of European and Mediterranean Studies New York University),Stephen G. Gross
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Energy policy
ISBN : 9780197667712

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Energy and Power by Stephen G. (Associate Professor of History and Director of the Center of European and Mediterranean Studies Gross, Associate Professor of History and Director of the Center of European and Mediterranean Studies New York University),Stephen G. Gross Pdf

A novel exploration of the deeper political, economic, and geopolitical history behind Germany's daring campaign to restructure its energy system around green power. Since the 1990s, Germany has embarked on a daring campaign to restructure its energy system around renewable power, sparking a global revolution in solar and wind technology. But this pioneering energy transition has been plagued with problems. In Energy and Power, Stephen G. Gross explains the deeper origins of the Energiewende--Germany's transition to green energy--and offers the first comprehensive history of German energy and climate policy from World War II to the present. The book follows the Federal Republic as it passed through five energy transitions from the dramatic shift to oil that nearly wiped out the nation's hard coal sector, to the oil shocks and the rise of the Green movement in the 1970s and 1980s, the co-creation of a natural gas infrastructure with Russia, and the transition to renewable power today. He shows how debates over energy profoundly shaped the course of German history and influenced the landmark developments that define modern Europe. As Gross argues, the intense and early politicization of energy led the Federal Republic to diverge from the United States and rethink its fossil economy well before global warming became a public issue, building a green energy system in the name of many social goals. Yet Germany's experience also illustrates the difficulty, the political battles, and the unintended consequences that surround energy transitions. By combining economy theory with a study of interest groups, ideas, and political mobilization, Energy and Power offers a novel explanation for why energy transitions happen. Further, it provides a powerful lens to move beyond conventional debates on Germany's East-West divide, or its postwar engagement with the Holocaust, to explore how this nation has shaped the contemporary world in other important ways.