Download Full eBooks in PDF
Electrification Processes In Warm Rain Clouds Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Electrification Processes In Warm Rain Clouds book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.
Author : Lothar H. Ruhnke
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 114 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Cloud physics
ISBN : IND:30000091794465
Author : Lothar H. Ruhnke
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 97 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Cloud physics
ISBN : OCLC:16653702
The problem of electrical charges on raindrops from non-thunderstorm clouds is investigated. Measurements of raindrop charges, precipitation currents and space charges made in various parts of the world indicate that on the average positive charges prevail on raindrops. To explain rain charges, a well known hypothesis requires the melting of snow. In Hawaii, however, rain often forms by condensation and coalescence without ice or snow in the upper portions of the cloud. Yet raindrop charges do not differ from charges measured in other types of rain. Measurements of charges on Hawaiian rain are discussed together with observations of electrical field and condensation nuclei profiles. It was found that positive charges are of the order of 10−4 esu. A correlation of these charges with wind speed was found. Electric fields in rain clouds are generally positive except at the lower cloud boundary where negative fields of up to -1000 V/m exist. Several thunderstorm theories are discussed and their applicability to the warm mechanism is examined. A new hypothesis is necessary to explain the observed electrical features of warm rain. A theory based on influence is presented and formulated. Due to low electrical conductivity inside the cloud, positive space charges form in the upper part of the cloud and negative in the lower, influenced by an impressed conduction current from above the cloud. These space charges diffuse to the raindrops. Considering a coalescence mechanism for drop growth, the residence time of raindrops in the negative space charge area is much smaller than the corresponding time in the positive area, and so the drops usually leave the cloud with a positive charge. Numerical solutions to drop charges and electric field profiles using a realistic cloud model were obtained through the use of digital computer techniques. The theoretical results for charges on raindrops and electric field patterns agree well with observations.
Author : Lothar H. Ruhnke
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Cloud physics
ISBN : PSU:000072011454
The problem of electrical charges on raindrops from non-thunderstorm clouds is investigated. Measurements of raindrop charges, precipitation currents and space charges made in various parts of the world indicate that on the average positive charges prevail on raindrops. To explain rain charges, a well known hypothesis requires the melting of snow. In Hawaii, however, rain often forms by condensation and coalescence without ice or snow in the upper portions of the cloud. Yet raindrop charges do not differ from charges measured in other types of rain. Measurements of charges on Hawaiian rain are discussed together with observations of electrical field and condensation nuclei profiles. It was found that positive charges are of the order of 10−4 esu. A correlation of these charges with wind speed was found. Electric fields in rain clouds are generally positive except at the lower cloud boundary where negative fields of up to -1000 V/m exist. Several thunderstorm theories are discussed and their applicability to the warm mechanism is examined. A new hypothesis is necessary to explain the observed electrical features of warm rain. A theory based on influence is presented and formulated. Due to low electrical conductivity inside the cloud, positive space charges form in the upper part of the cloud and negative in the lower, influenced by an impressed conduction current from above the cloud. These space charges diffuse to the raindrops. Considering a coalescence mechanism for drop growth, the residence time of raindrops in the negative space charge area is much smaller than the corresponding time in the positive area, and so the drops usually leave the cloud with a positive charge. Numerical solutions to drop charges and electric field profiles using a realistic cloud model were obtained through the use of digital computer techniques. The theoretical results for charges on raindrops and electric field patterns agree well with observations.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1134 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Aeronautics
ISBN : UIUC:30112075701695
Author : Environmental Science Information Center. Library and Information Services Division
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1977
Category : Book catalogs
ISBN : UOM:39015007490462
Author : Environmental Science Information Center. Library and Information Services Division
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1977
Category : Electronic
ISBN : IND:30000105034940
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 564 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OSU:32435026186981
Author : United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1068 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : Air
ISBN : PSU:000055583282
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Government publications
ISBN : UCR:31210023919119
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 590 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1967
Category : Industries
ISBN : OSU:32435051669570
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Geophysics
ISBN : UCBK:C109148389
Author : Dennis Lamb,Johannes Verlinde
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 599 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2011-04-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139500944
Clouds affect our daily weather and play key roles in the global climate. Through their ability to precipitate, clouds provide virtually all of the fresh water on Earth and are a crucial link in the hydrologic cycle. With ever-increasing importance being placed on quantifiable predictions - from forecasting the local weather to anticipating climate change - we must understand how clouds operate in the real atmosphere, where interactions with natural and anthropogenic pollutants are common. This textbook provides students - whether seasoned or new to the atmospheric sciences - with a quantitative yet approachable path to learning the inner workings of clouds. Developed over many years of the authors' teaching at Pennsylvania State University, Physics and Chemistry of Clouds is an invaluable textbook for advanced students in atmospheric science, meteorology, environmental sciences/engineering and atmospheric chemistry. It is also a very useful reference text for researchers and professionals.
Author : Environmental Science Information Center. Library and Information Services Division
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 584 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1977
Category : Book catalogs
ISBN : MINN:30000010404550
Author : W. D. Komhyr,Phillip R. Sticksel,R. D. Grass
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1968
Category : Atmospheric ozone
ISBN : UCSD:31822009531724
Author : United States. Environmental Science Services Administration
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Electronic
ISBN : STANFORD:36105133449806
