Electron Microscopical Investigation Of Interdiffusion And Phase Formation At Gd2o3 Ceo2 And Sm2o3 Ceo2 Interfaces

Author : Christian Rockenhäuser
Publisher : Springer
Page : 117 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2015-03-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783658087937

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Electron Microscopical Investigation of Interdiffusion and Phase Formation at Gd2O3/CeO2- and Sm2O3/CeO2-Interfaces by Christian Rockenhäuser Pdf

Christian Rockenhäuser adresses phase formation and cation interdiffusion of the GdxCe1-xO2-x/2-and SmxCe1-xO2-x/2-material systems at temperatures ranging from 970 to 1270°C. Diffusion couples with CeO2/Sm2O3 and CeO2/Gd2O3 interfaces were fabricated for the investigations. The resulting reaction phases were investigated utilizing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and allow conclusions regarding the phase diagrams in the examined temperature range. A miscibility gap can be ruled out for GdxCe1-xO2-x/2 across the whole composition range. Cation interdiffusion coefficients were determined for both material systems by measuring and evaluating concentration profiles at the material interfaces. The activation enthalpies for interdiffusion were calculated using the temperature dependence of the interdiffusion coefficients. The study for the first time compiles comprehensively the previous results regarding the phase diagrams of the two material systems since 1923.

Author : Cheol Seong Hwang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2013-10-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461480549

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Atomic Layer Deposition for Semiconductors by Cheol Seong Hwang Pdf

Offering thorough coverage of atomic layer deposition (ALD), this book moves from basic chemistry of ALD and modeling of processes to examine ALD in memory, logic devices and machines. Reviews history, operating principles and ALD processes for each device.

Author : Alain C. Pierre
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 716 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2020-03-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030381448

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Introduction to Sol-Gel Processing by Alain C. Pierre Pdf

This book presents a broad, general introduction to the processing of Sol-Gel technologies. This updated volume serves as a general handbook for researchers and students entering the field. This new edition provides updates in fields that have undergone rapid developments, such as Ceramics, Catalysis, Chromatropgraphy, biomaterials, glass science, and optics. It provides a simple, compact resource that can also be used in graduate-level materials science courses.

Author : Shantanu Bhattacharya,Avinash Kumar Agarwal,T. Rajagopalan,Vinay K. Patel
Publisher : Springer
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2018-11-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789811332692

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Nano-Energetic Materials by Shantanu Bhattacharya,Avinash Kumar Agarwal,T. Rajagopalan,Vinay K. Patel Pdf

This book presents the latest research on the area of nano-energetic materials, their synthesis, fabrication, patterning, application and integration with various MEMS systems and platforms. Keeping in mind the applications for this field in aerospace and defense sectors, the articles in this volume contain contributions by leading researchers in the field, who discuss the current challenges and future perspectives. This volume will be of use to researchers working on various applications of high-energy research.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 820 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Physics
ISBN : UOM:39015027732299

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Physics Briefs by Anonim Pdf

Author : Paolo Mele,Kosmas Prassides,Chiara Tarantini,Anna Palau,Petre Badica,Alok K. Jha,Tamio Endo
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2019-08-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030233037

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Superconductivity by Paolo Mele,Kosmas Prassides,Chiara Tarantini,Anna Palau,Petre Badica,Alok K. Jha,Tamio Endo Pdf

This book provides readers with a comprehensive overview of the science of superconducting materials. It serves as a fundamental information source on the actual techniques and methodologies involved in superconducting materials growth, characterization and processing. This book includes coverage of several categories of medium and high-temperature superconducting materials: cuprate oxides, borides, and iron-based chalcogenides and pnictides. Provides a single-source reference on superconducting materials growth, characterization and processing; Bridges the gap between materials science and applications of superconductors; Discusses several categories of superconducting materials such as cuprate oxides, borides, and iron-based chalcogenides and pnictides; Covers synthesis, characterization, and processing of superconducting materials, as well as the nanoengineering approach to tailor the properties of the used materials at the nanoscale level.

Author : Xuefeng Zhu,Weishen Yang
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2018-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 3662571447

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Mixed Conducting Ceramic Membranes by Xuefeng Zhu,Weishen Yang Pdf

This book is intended to bring together into a single book all aspects of mixed conducting ceramic membranes. It provides a comprehensive description of the fundamentals of mixed ionic-electronic conducting (MIEC) membranes from the basic theories and materials to fabrication and characterization technologies. It also covers the potential applications of MIEC membrane technology in industry. This book offers a valuable resource for all scientists and engineers involved in R&D on mixed conducting ceramic membrane technology, as well as other readers who are interested in catalysis in membrane reactor, solid state electrochemistry, solid oxide fuel cells, and related topics. Xuefeng Zhu, PhD, is a Professor at State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. Weishen Yang, PhD, is the team leader for Membrane Catalysis and New Catalytic Materials and a DICP Chair Professor at State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Author : Tatsumi Ishihara
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2009-06-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780387777085

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Perovskite Oxide for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by Tatsumi Ishihara Pdf

Fuel cell technology is quite promising for conversion of chemical energy of hydrocarbon fuels into electricity without forming air pollutants. There are several types of fuel cells: polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and alkaline fuel cell (AFC). Among these, SOFCs are the most efficient and have various advantages such as flexibility in fuel, high reliability, simple balance of plant (BOP), and a long history. Therefore, SOFC technology is attracting much attention as a power plant and is now close to marketing as a combined heat and power generation system. From the beginning of SOFC development, many perovskite oxides have been used for SOFC components; for example, LaMnO -based oxide for the cathode and 3 LaCrO for the interconnect are the most well known materials for SOFCs. The 3 current SOFCs operate at temperatures higher than 1073 K. However, lowering the operating temperature of SOFCs is an important goal for further SOFC development. Reliability, durability, and stability of the SOFCs could be greatly improved by decreasing their operating temperature. In addition, a lower operating temperature is also beneficial for shortening the startup time and decreasing energy loss from heat radiation. For this purpose, faster oxide ion conductors are required to replace the conventional Y O -stabilized ZrO 2 3 2 electrolyte. A new class of electrolytes such as LaGaO is considered to be 3 highly useful for intermediate-temperature SOFCs.

Author : K Huang,J B Goodenough
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2009-07-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781845696511

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Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology by K Huang,J B Goodenough Pdf

High temperature solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology is a promising power generation option that features high electrical efficiency and low emissions of environmentally polluting gases such as CO2, NOox and SOx. It is ideal for distributed stationary power generation applications where both high-efficiency electricity and high-quality heat are in strong demand. For the past few decades, SOFC technology has attracted intense worldwide R&D effort and, along with polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology, has undergone extensive commercialization development. This book presents a systematic and in-depth narrative of the technology from the perspective of fundamentals, providing comprehensive theoretical analysis and innovative characterization techniques for SOFC technology. The book initially deals with the basics and development of SOFC technology from cell materials to fundamental thermodynamics, electronic properties of solids and charged particle transport. This coverage is extended with a thorough analysis of such operational features as current flow and energy balance, and on to voltage losses and electrical efficiency. Furthermore, the book also covers the important issues of fuel cell stability and durability with chapters on performance characterization, fuel processing, and electrode poisoning. Finally, the book provides a comprehensive review for SOFC materials and fabrication techniques. A series of useful scientific appendices rounds off the book. Solid oxide fuel cell technology is a standard reference for all those researching this important field as well as those working in the power industry. Provides a comprehensive review of solid oxide fuel cells from history and design to chemistry and materials development Presents analysis of operational features including current flow, energy balance, voltage losses and electrical efficiency Explores fuel cell stability and durability with specific chapters examining performance characterization, fuel processing and electrode poisoning

Author : B. Raneesh,Visakh P. M.
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2021-02-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781119363576

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Metal Oxide Nanocomposites by B. Raneesh,Visakh P. M. Pdf

Metal Oxide Nanocomposites: Synthesis and Applications summarizes many of the recent research accomplishments in the area of metal oxide-based nanocomposites. This book focussing on the following topics: Nanocomposites preparation and characterization of metal oxide nanocomposites; synthesis of core/shell metal oxide nanocomposites; multilayer thin films; sequential assembly of nanocomposite materials; semiconducting polymer metal oxide nanocomposites; graphene-based metal and metal oxide nanocomposites; carbon nanotube–metal–oxide nanocomposites; silicon mixed oxide nanocomposites; gas semiconducting sensors based on metal oxide nanocomposites; metal ]organic framework nanocomposite for hydrogen production and nanocomposites application towards photovoltaic and photocatalytic.

Author : Jakub Kupecki
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2018-12-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 3030092755

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Modeling, Design, Construction, and Operation of Power Generators with Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by Jakub Kupecki Pdf

The book summarizes the current state of the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology in power generation applications. It describes the single cells, SOFC stacks, micro-combined heat and power systems, large-scale stationary power generators and polygeneration units. The principles of modeling, simulation and controls of power systems with solid oxide fuel cells are presented and discussed. Authors provide theoretical background of the technology followed by the essential insights into the integrated power systems. Selected aspects of the design, construction and operation of power units in range from single kilowatts to hundreds of kilowatts are presented. Finally, the book reports the selected studies on prototype systems which have been constructed in Europe. The book discusses the theoretical and practical aspects of operation of power generators with solid oxide fuel cells including fabrication of cells, design of stacks, system modeling, simulation of stationary and non-stationary operation of systems, fuel preparation and controls.

Author : James F. Shackelford,Robert H. Doremus
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2008-04-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780387733623

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Ceramic and Glass Materials by James F. Shackelford,Robert H. Doremus Pdf

This is a concise, up-to-date book that covers a wide range of important ceramic materials used in modern technology. Chapters provide essential information on the nature of these key ceramic raw materials including their structure, properties, processing methods and applications in engineering and technology. Treatment is provided on materials such as alumina, aluminates, Andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite. The chapter authors are leading experts in the field of ceramic materials. An ideal text for graduate students and practising engineers in ceramic engineering, metallurgy, and materials science and engineering.

Author : Arunachalam Lakshmanan
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 628 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2012-03-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789535100171

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Sintering of Ceramics by Arunachalam Lakshmanan Pdf

The chapters covered in this book include emerging new techniques on sintering. Major experts in this field contributed to this book and presented their research. Topics covered in this publication include Spark plasma sintering, Magnetic Pulsed compaction, Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic technology for the preparation of 3-dimesinal circuits, Microwave sintering of thermistor ceramics, Synthesis of Bio-compatible ceramics, Sintering of Rare Earth Doped Bismuth Titanate Ceramics prepared by Soft Combustion, nanostructured ceramics, alternative solid-state reaction routes yielding densified bulk ceramics and nanopowders, Sintering of intermetallic superconductors such as MgB2, impurity doping in luminescence phosphors synthesized using soft techniques, etc. Other advanced sintering techniques such as radiation thermal sintering for the manufacture of thin film solid oxide fuel cells are also described.

Author : Costas Sikalidis
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 536 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2011-08-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789533075051

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Advances in Ceramics by Costas Sikalidis Pdf

The current book contains twenty-two chapters and is divided into three sections. Section I consists of nine chapters which discuss synthesis through innovative as well as modified conventional techniques of certain advanced ceramics (e.g. target materials, high strength porous ceramics, optical and thermo-luminescent ceramics, ceramic powders and fibers) and their characterization using a combination of well known and advanced techniques. Section II is also composed of nine chapters, which are dealing with the aqueous processing of nitride ceramics, the shape and size optimization of ceramic components through design methodologies and manufacturing technologies, the sinterability and properties of ZnNb oxide ceramics, the grinding optimization, the redox behaviour of ceria based and related materials, the alloy reinforcement by ceramic particles addition, the sintering study through dihedral surface angle using AFM and the surface modification and properties induced by a laser beam in pressings of ceramic powders. Section III includes four chapters which are dealing with the deposition of ceramic powders for oxide fuel cells preparation, the perovskite type ceramics for solid fuel cells, the ceramics for laser applications and fabrication and the characterization and modeling of protonic ceramics.

Author : Howard Huff
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 740 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : 3540210814

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High Dielectric Constant Materials by Howard Huff Pdf

Issues relating to the high-K gate dielectric are among the greatest challenges for the evolving International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS). More than just an historical overview, this book will assess previous and present approaches related to scaling the gate dielectric and their impact, along with the creative directions and forthcoming challenges that will define the future of gate dielectric scaling technology. Topics include: an extensive review of Moore's Law, the classical regime for SiO2 gate dielectrics; the transition to silicon oxynitride gate dielectrics; the transition to high-K gate dielectrics (including the drive towards equivalent oxide thickness in the single-digit nanometer regime); and future directions and issues for ultimate technology generation scaling. The vision, wisdom, and experience of the team of authors will make this book a timely, relevant, and interesting, resource focusing on fundamentals of the 45 nm Technology Generation and beyond.