Electronic And Magnetic Excitations In Correlated And Topological Materials

Author : John S. Van Dyke
Publisher : Springer
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2018-05-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319899381

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Electronic and Magnetic Excitations in Correlated and Topological Materials by John S. Van Dyke Pdf

This ​thesis reports a major breakthrough in discovering the superconducting mechanism in CeCoIn5, the “hydrogen atom” among heavy fermion compounds. By developing a novel theoretical formalism, the study described herein succeeded in extracting the crucial missing element of superconducting pairing interaction from scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiments. This breakthrough provides a theoretical explanation for a series of puzzling experimental observations, demonstrating that strong magnetic interactions provide the quantum glue for unconventional superconductivity. Additional insight into the complex properties of strongly correlated and topological materials was provided by investigating their non-equilibrium charge and spin transport properties. The findings demonstrate that the interplay of magnetism and disorder with strong correlations or topology leads to complex and novel behavior that can be exploited to create the next generation of spin electronics and quantum computing devices.

Author : Hendrik Bluhm,Thomas Brückel,Markus Morgenstern,Gero Plessen,Christoph Stampfer
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2019-04-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783110429299

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Electrons in Solids by Hendrik Bluhm,Thomas Brückel,Markus Morgenstern,Gero Plessen,Christoph Stampfer Pdf

As a continuation of classical condensed matter physics texts, this graduate textbook introduces advanced topics of correlated electron systems, mesoscopic transport,quantum computing, optical excitations and topological insulators. The book is focusing on an intuitive understanding of the basic concepts of these rather complex subjects.

Author : Patrik Fazekas
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 794 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789810224745

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Lecture Notes on Electron Correlation and Magnetism by Patrik Fazekas Pdf

Readership: Graduate students and researchers in condensed matter physics.

Author : Edoardo Baldini
Publisher : Springer
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2018-03-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319774985

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Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Collective Excitations in Quantum Materials by Edoardo Baldini Pdf

This book studies the dynamics of fundamental collective excitations in quantum materials, focusing on the use of state-of-the-art ultrafast broadband optical spectroscopy. Collective behaviour in solids lies at the origin of several cooperative phenomena that can lead to profound transformations, instabilities and phase transitions. Revealing the dynamics of collective excitations is a topic of pivotal importance in contemporary condensed matter physics, as it provides information on the strength and spatial distribution of interactions and correlation. The experimental framework explored in this book relies on setting a material out-of-equilibrium by an ultrashort laser pulse and monitoring the photo-induced changes in its optical properties over a broad spectral region in the visible or deep-ultraviolet. Collective excitations (e.g. plasmons, excitons, phonons...) emerge either in the frequency domain as spectral features across the probed range, or in the time domain as coherent modes triggered by the pump pulse. Mapping the temporal evolution of these collective excitations provides access to the hierarchy of low-energy phenomena occurring in the solid during its path towards thermodynamic equilibrium. This methodology is used to investigate a number of strongly interacting and correlated materials with an increasing degree of internal complexity beyond conventional band theory.

Author : Lawrence H Bennett,Y Flom,G C Vezzoli
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 437 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1989-04-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789813201392

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High Tc Superconductors: Magnetic Interactions - Proceedings Of The Workshop by Lawrence H Bennett,Y Flom,G C Vezzoli Pdf

This Workshop addresses the role of magnetic interactions in the various aspects of high Tc superconducting materials, including the fundamental nature of the elementary excitations and their effect on the measured microscopic and macroscopic magnetic properties of these materials. Applications involving the magnetic behaviour of high Tc superconductors is a special feature of this Workshop.

Author : Sanju Gupta,Avadh Saxena
Publisher : Springer
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2018-04-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319765969

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The Role of Topology in Materials by Sanju Gupta,Avadh Saxena Pdf

This book presents the most important advances in the class of topological materials and discusses the topological characterization, modeling and metrology of materials. Further, it addresses currently emerging characterization techniques such as optical and acoustic, vibrational spectroscopy (Brillouin, infrared, Raman), electronic, magnetic, fluorescence correlation imaging, laser lithography, small angle X-ray and neutron scattering and other techniques, including site-selective nanoprobes. The book analyzes the topological aspects to identify and quantify these effects in terms of topology metrics. The topological materials are ubiquitous and range from (i) de novo nanoscale allotropes of carbons in various forms such as nanotubes, nanorings, nanohorns, nanowalls, peapods, graphene, etc. to (ii) metallo-organic frameworks, (iii) helical gold nanotubes, (iv) Möbius conjugated polymers, (v) block co-polymers, (vi) supramolecular assemblies, to (vii) a variety of biological and soft-matter systems, e.g. foams and cellular materials, vesicles of different shapes and genera, biomimetic membranes, and filaments, (viii) topological insulators and topological superconductors, (ix) a variety of Dirac materials including Dirac and Weyl semimetals, as well as (x) knots and network structures. Topological databases and algorithms to model such materials have been also established in this book. In order to understand and properly characterize these important emergent materials, it is necessary to go far beyond the traditional paradigm of microscopic structure–property–function relationships to a paradigm that explicitly incorporates topological aspects from the outset to characterize and/or predict the physical properties and currently untapped functionalities of these advanced materials. Simulation and modeling tools including quantum chemistry, molecular dynamics, 3D visualization and tomography are also indispensable. These concepts have found applications in condensed matter physics, materials science and engineering, physical chemistry and biophysics, and the various topics covered in the book have potential applications in connection with novel synthesis techniques, sensing and catalysis. As such, the book offers a unique resource for graduate students and researchers alike.

Author : Yuki Sato
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2021-11-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811656774

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Quantum Oscillations and Charge-Neutral Fermions in Topological Kondo Insulator YbB12 by Yuki Sato Pdf

Electronic state of every solid is basically classified into two categories according to its electrical responses: insulator or metal. A textbook of modern solid state physics explains that shape of a Fermi surface plays a key role in most physical properties in metals. One of the well-established experimental methods to detect a Fermi surface is measurement of quantum oscillations that is a periodic response of physical quantities with respect to external magnetic fields. As insulators do not host Fermi surface, it is believed that they do not exhibit any quantum oscillations. This book presents a comprehensive review of recent observations of quantum oscillations in the Kondo insulators, SmB6 and YbB12, and discusses how the observations are demonstrated by a newly proposed mechanism where emergent charge-neutral fermions exhibit quantum oscillations instead of bare electrons. It also focuses on topological properties of Kondo insulators, and demonstrates that YbB12 hosts a surface metallic conduction owing to its non-trivial band structure. Further it presents the experiments of specific heat and thermal conductivity in YbB12 down to ultra-low temperature to discuss the possible low-energy excitations from a Fermi surface of neutral fermions. The demonstrated gapless and itinerant fermionic excitations, that is the significant contribution from charge neutral fermions, violates Wiedemann-Franz law. The discoveries point out a highly unconventional phase of quantum state—electrically insulating but thermally metallic—realized in the bulk of topological Kondo insulators.

Author : China Center of Advanced Science and Technology
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Science
ISBN : UVA:X002600490

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Two-dimensional Strongly Correlated Electronic Systems by China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Pdf

This book addresses present problems and looks towards the future development of new ideas in the field. The series of lectures places emphasis on the theoretical development of high Tc superconducting oxide materials. Contributions include an introduction to strongly correlated systems, the basic concepts of the Mott insulator, the fractional quantum Hall effect and a review of the current thoughts on resonating valence bonds. Research techniques such as variational Monte Carlo methods, mean field theories and topological excitations are also covered. The book will be of general interest and value to graduate students and researchers involved in the study of condensed matter theory.

Author : Dirk Eidemüller
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2021-08-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030726706

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Nuclear Power Explained by Dirk Eidemüller Pdf

From World War II to the present day, nuclear power has remained a controversial topic in the public eye. In the wake of ongoing debates about energy and the environment, policymakers and laypeople alike are once more asking the questions posed by countless others over the decades: What actually happens in a nuclear power plant? Can we truly trust nuclear energy to be safe and reliable? Where does all that radiation and waste go? This book explains everything you would want to know about nuclear power in a compelling and accessible way. Split into three parts, it walks readers through the basics of nuclear physics and radioactivity; the history of nuclear power usage, including the most important events and disasters; the science and engineering behind nuclear power plants; the politics and policies of various nations; and finally, the long-term societal impact of such technology, from uranium mining and proliferation to final disposal. Featured along the way are dozens of behind-the-scenes, full-color images of nuclear facilities. Written in a nontechnical style with minimal equations, this book will appeal to lay readers, policymakers and professionals looking to acquire a well-rounded view about this complex subject.

Author : A. S. Borovik-Romanov,Sunil K. Sinha
Publisher : North Holland
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Dielectrics
ISBN : UCAL:B4423299

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Spin Waves and Magnetic Excitations by A. S. Borovik-Romanov,Sunil K. Sinha Pdf

Spin Waves and Magnetic Excitations ...

Author : V J Emery
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1993-08-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789814553698

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Correlated Electron Systems by V J Emery Pdf

The study of the correlated motion of electrons in solids is of increasing importance in condensed matter physics. In the past few years, the discovery of high-temperature superconductors has stimulated an enormous theoretical effort in this area, building on earlier theories of heavy-fermion and organic superconductors, and magnetic insulators. In a separate development the discovery of the fractional quantum Hall effect stimulated research into the behavior of the two-dimensional electron gas in a strong transverse magnetic field. The lectures at this school gave a systematic presentation of the current status of the theory in these areas. They covered the fractional quantum Hall effect and the many-body physics of the Hubbard model and its extensions, paying particular attention to the properties of doped insulators which are relevant for high-temperature superconductivity. There were detailed discussions of situations for which controlled calculations may be carried out — specifically infinite dimensions, one dimension, and generalized models in which the fermions have N components and N → •. Contents:Charge Fluctuation Models of Superconductivity (P B Littlewood)Investigation of Correlated Electron Systems Using the Limit of High Dimensions (D Vollhardt)The Large N Expansion in the Strong Correlation Problem (G Kotliar)The Semiclassical Expansion of the T-J Model (A Auerbach)The Many-Body Problem in One Dimension (V J Emery)Interacting Fermions in One Dimension: From Weak to Strong Correlation (H J Schulz)The Quantum Hall Effect: The Article (A Karlhede et al) Readership: Condensed matter, theoretical and experimental physicists. keywords: “These articles not only cover a wide range of well-established mathematical techniques which are employed in dealing with (strongly) correlated systems, but also consider the physics of some problems of current interest, in particular — but not exclusively — those that are inaugurated by the three successive discoveries in the last decade (in order): those of the integer and fractional quantum Hall effects and that of superconductivity at relatively high temperatures — Tc>23K (1980, 1982, 1986). Specific features of materials which upon doping are transformed into high-Tc superconductors have given rise to a surge of interest in the quantum anti-ferromagnetism, and as a consequence models (such as the Hubbard or the t-J model) which address this phenomenon form the testing ground for many of the techniques presented in this collection … All articles in the present volume are self-contained, and the authors keep the readers well-informed of the connections between their work and those discussed by others in the book. Each article begins with a non-technical introduction which gives a clear overview of the subject matters dealt within it and ends with some remarks which not only summarize the work but also suggest some future directions of research. This, along with the clear presentation of the subjects, makes this book an ideal source of information for those who wish to enter into the areas of research dealt within this book. This collection can also be used as the basis for an advanced course in theoretical physics or as a supplement to an already existing course dealing with the (field-) theoretical methods in condensed-matter physics, or the theory of critical phenomena and phase transitions … Students may find it rewarding to organize a series of seminars on the subjects dealt with in the present collection. Presence of a senior physicst at these seminars will undoubtedly contribute to a deeper understanding of the contents of the book.” B Farid

Author : Hsiang-Hsi Kung
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 165 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2021-12-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030893323

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Collective Excitations in the Antisymmetric Channel of Raman Spectroscopy by Hsiang-Hsi Kung Pdf

This thesis contains three breakthrough results in condensed matter physics. Firstly, broken reflection symmetry in the hidden-order phase of the heavy-fermion material URu2Si2 is observed for the first time. This represents a significant advance in the understanding of this enigmatic material which has long intrigued the condensed matter community due to its emergent long range order exhibited at low temperatures (the so-called “hidden order”). Secondly and thirdly, a novel collective mode (the chiral spin wave) and a novel composite particle (the chiral exciton) are discovered in the three dimensional topological insulator Bi2Se3. This opens up new avenues of possibility for the use of topological insulators in photonic, optoelectronic, and spintronic devices. These discoveries are facilitated by using low-temperature polarized Raman spectroscopy as a tool for identifying optically excited collective modes in strongly correlated electron systems and three-dimensional topological insulators.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Physics and Astronomy,National Materials and Manufacturing Board,Committee on Frontiers of Materials Research: A Decadal Survey
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2019-09-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309483872

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Frontiers of Materials Research by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Physics and Astronomy,National Materials and Manufacturing Board,Committee on Frontiers of Materials Research: A Decadal Survey Pdf

Modern materials science builds on knowledge from physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics, computer and data science, and engineering sciences to enable us to understand, control, and expand the material world. Although it is anchored in inquiry-based fundamental science, materials research is strongly focused on discovering and producing reliable and economically viable materials, from super alloys to polymer composites, that are used in a vast array of products essential to today's societies and economies. Frontiers of Materials Research: A Decadal Survey is aimed at documenting the status and promising future directions of materials research in the United States in the context of similar efforts worldwide. This third decadal survey in materials research reviews the progress and achievements in materials research and changes in the materials research landscape over the last decade; research opportunities for investment for the period 2020-2030; impacts that materials research has had and is expected to have on emerging technologies, national needs, and science; and challenges the enterprise may face over the next decade.

Author : David J. Singh,D. A. Papaconstantopoulos
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2014-09-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 366205311X

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Electronic Structure and Magnetism of Complex Materials by David J. Singh,D. A. Papaconstantopoulos Pdf

Author : Masafumi Udagawa,Ludovic Jaubert
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 492 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2021-10-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030708603

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Spin Ice by Masafumi Udagawa,Ludovic Jaubert Pdf

This book deals with a new class of magnetic materials, spin ice. Spin ice has become the canonical example of modern frustrated magnetism where competing interactions between spins set the rules for an emergent magnetostatic gauge field theory. Excitations take the form of magnetic monopoles or can condense via a Higgs mechanism. Beyond classical spin ice, the book describes the new physics emerging when quantum coherence (spin liquids, photon-like excitations) and itinerant electrons (anomalous Hall effect) are included in artificial systems. This first book dedicated to spin ice is a review of the current understanding of the field, both on the theoretical and experimental levels, written by leading experts. The book is written in a linear way with very few prerequisites. It also contains textbook-like descriptions of theoretical methods to help advanced students and researchers to enter the field.