Elements Of Paleontology The Stratigraphic Paleobiology Of Nonmarine Systems

Author : Holland, Steven,Katharine M. Loughney
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 137 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2021-04-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781108898584

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Elements of Paleontology: The Stratigraphic Paleobiology of Nonmarine Systems by Holland, Steven,Katharine M. Loughney Pdf

The principles of stratigraphic paleobiology can be readily applied to the nonmarine fossil record. Consistent spatial and temporal patterns of accommodation and sedimentation in sedimentary basins are an important control on stratigraphic architecture. Temperature and precipitation covary with elevation, causing significant variation in community composition, and changes in base level cause elevation to undergo predictable changes. These principles lead to eight sets of hypotheses about the nonmarine fossil record. Three relate to long-term and cyclical patterns in the preservation of major fossil groups and their taphonomy, as well as the occurrence of fossil concentrations. The remaining hypotheses relate to the widespread occurrence of elevation-correlated gradients in community composition, long-term and cyclical trends in these communities, and the stratigraphic position of abrupt changes in community composition. Testing of these hypotheses makes the stratigraphic paleobiology of nonmarine systems a promising area of investigation.

Author : Steven Holland
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 75 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2021-02-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 1108794734

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The Stratigraphic Paleobiology of Nonmarine Systems by Steven Holland Pdf

The principles of stratigraphic paleobiology can be readily applied to the nonmarine fossil record. Consistent spatial and temporal patterns of accommodation and sedimentation in sedimentary basins are an important control on stratigraphic architecture. Temperature and precipitation covary with elevation, causing significant variation in community composition, and changes in base level cause elevation to undergo predictable changes. These principles lead to eight sets of hypotheses about the nonmarine fossil record. Three relate to long-term and cyclical patterns in the preservation of major fossil groups and their taphonomy, as well as the occurrence of fossil concentrations. The remaining hypotheses relate to the widespread occurrence of elevation-correlated gradients in community composition, long-term and cyclical trends in these communities, and the stratigraphic position of abrupt changes in community composition. Testing of these hypotheses makes the stratigraphic paleobiology of nonmarine systems a promising area of investigation.

Author : Mark E. Patzkowsky,Steven M. Holland
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2012-03-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226649399

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Stratigraphic Paleobiology by Mark E. Patzkowsky,Steven M. Holland Pdf

Whether the fossil record should be read at face value or whether it presents a distorted view of the history of life is an argument seemingly as old as many fossils themselves. In the late 1700s, Georges Cuvier argued for a literal interpretation, but in the early 1800s, Charles Lyell’s gradualist view of the earth’s history required a more nuanced interpretation of that same record. To this day, the tension between literal and interpretive readings lies at the heart of paleontological research, influencing the way scientists view extinction patterns and their causes, ecosystem persistence and turnover, and the pattern of morphologic change and mode of speciation. With Stratigraphic Paleobiology, Mark E. Patzkowsky and Steven M. Holland present a critical framework for assessing the fossil record, one based on a modern understanding of the principles of sediment accumulation. Patzkowsky and Holland argue that the distribution of fossil taxa in time and space is controlled not only by processes of ecology, evolution, and environmental change, but also by the stratigraphic processes that govern where and when sediment that might contain fossils is deposited and preserved. The authors explore the exciting possibilities of stratigraphic paleobiology, and along the way demonstrate its great potential to answer some of the most critical questions about the history of life: How and why do environmental niches change over time? What is the tempo and mode of evolutionary change and what processes drive this change? How has the diversity of life changed through time, and what processes control this change? And, finally, what is the tempo and mode of change in ecosystems over time?

Author : Meyer, David L.
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-11
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781108899482

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Elements of Paleontology: Crinoid Feeding Strategies: New Insights from Subsea Video and Time-Lapse by Meyer, David L. Pdf

Author : Octavian Catuneanu
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 500 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2022-07-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780080885131

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Principles of Sequence Stratigraphy by Octavian Catuneanu Pdf

Principles of Sequence Stratigraphy, Second Edition presents principles to practical workflow that guide applications in a consistent manner that is independent of model, geological setting and the types and resolution of the data available. The book explains the points of agreement and difference between the various approaches to sequence stratigraphy, while also defining the common ground that affords the standard application of the method. This enables the practitioner to avoid nomenclatural and methodological confusions and apply sequence stratigraphy. The text is richly illustrated with hundreds of full-color diagrams and examples of outcrop, borehole and seismic data. The book's balanced approach helps students and professionals acquire a sound understanding of the concepts and methodology. It will appeal to geologists, geophysicists and engineers with interest in basin analysis, stratigraphy and sedimentology, as well as in all economic applications that concern the exploration and production of natural resources, including water, hydrocarbons, coal and sediment-hosted mineral deposits. Updates the award-winning first edition in all aspects of sequence stratigraphy, from the underlying theory to the practical applications Presents the standard approach to sequence stratigraphic methodology, nomenclature, and classification; the role of modeling in sequence stratigraphy, and the difference between modeling and methodology Discusses the roles of scale and stratigraphic resolution in sequence stratigraphy, and the workflow that affords a consistent application of the method irrespective of the types of data available Describes the three-dimensional nature of the stratigraphic architecture, and the variability of stratigraphic sequences with the tectonic setting, depositional setting, and the climatic regime Illustrates all concepts with high-quality, full-color diagrams, outcrop photographs, and subsurface well data and seismic images

Author : Michael J. Benton,David A. T. Harper
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1001 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118685402

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Introduction to Paleobiology and the Fossil Record by Michael J. Benton,David A. T. Harper Pdf

This book presents a comprehensive overview of the science of the history of life. Paleobiologists bring many analytical tools to bear in interpreting the fossil record and the book introduces the latest techniques, from multivariate investigations of biogeography and biostratigraphy to engineering analysis of dinosaur skulls, and from homeobox genes to cladistics. All the well-known fossil groups are included, including microfossils and invertebrates, but an important feature is the thorough coverage of plants, vertebrates and trace fossils together with discussion of the origins of both life and the metazoans. All key related subjects are introduced, such as systematics, ecology, evolution and development, stratigraphy and their roles in understanding where life came from and how it evolved and diversified. Unique features of the book are the numerous case studies from current research that lead students to the primary literature, analytical and mathematical explanations and tools, together with associated problem sets and practical schedules for instructors and students. “..any serious student of geology who does not pick this book off the shelf will be putting themselves at a huge disadvantage. The material may be complex, but the text is extremely accessible and well organized, and the book ought to be essential reading for palaeontologists at undergraduate, postgraduate and more advanced levels—both in Britain as well as in North America.” Falcon-Lang, H., Proc. Geol. Assoc. 2010 “...this is an excellent introduction to palaeontology in general. It is well structured, accessibly written and pleasantly informative .....I would recommend this as a standard reference text to all my students without hesitation.” David Norman Geol Mag 2010 Companion website This book includes a companion website at: www.blackwellpublishing.com/paleobiology The website includes: · An ongoing database of additional Practical’s prepared by the authors · Figures from the text for downloading · Useful links for each chapter · Updates from the authors

Author : Ronald E. Martin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 536 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1999-10-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521598338

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Taphonomy by Ronald E. Martin Pdf

The first book to review the entire field of taphonomy for advanced students and professionals.

Author : S.G. Lucas,W.A. DiMichele,S. Opluštil,X. Wang
Publisher : Geological Society of London Special Publications
Page : 505 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2023-06-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781786205919

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Ice Ages, Climate Dynamics and Biotic Events: The Late Pennsylvanian World by S.G. Lucas,W.A. DiMichele,S. Opluštil,X. Wang Pdf

The Late Pennsylvanian was a time of ice ages and associated climate dynamics. A major reduction in Gondwana ice-volume was followed by a prolonged period of relative global warmth, culminating in the last great ice age of the late Paleozoic. It also was a major turning point in the evolution of life on land, when the coal forests of the Middle Pennsylvanian gave way to new kinds of Late Pennsylvanian wetland vegetation, and new kinds of animals appeared. Changes in the terrestrial biota began during the Middle Pennsylvanian, accelerating and proceeding in a spatially complex manner throughout the Late Pennsylvanian. The Late Pennsylvanian is thus a laboratory for studying environmental changes in a glacial world, and for assessing coeval biotic changes, in part to establish the possible links between the two. No book has been dedicated to this time interval, so this volume fills a gap in our understanding of a dynamic Late Pennsylvanian world that is much like the late Cenozoic world.

Author : David J. Bottjer
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0231102550

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Exceptional Fossil Preservation by David J. Bottjer Pdf

Most nonscientists are usually aware of fossils, and it is commonly believed that they are extremely rare. In fact, fossils are exceptionally common in many sedimentary rocks and are used extensively in geology for age dating, interpretation of ancient environments, and the discovery of natural resources. However, there is another type of fossil deposit that is truly rare. These rare fossil deposits, called Lagerstätten, preserve the remains of the soft tissues or the articulated skeletal remains of ancient creatures in truly astonishing fine detail. Some of these deposits are world-famous, such as the Burgess Shale, or Solnhofen but there are others dating from many different geological eras from the Paleozoic, up to the Eocene. Recently, a concerted effort has been made to understand the overall significance of these rare fossil deposits. Whereas in the past these deposits were considered novelties, modern researchers are trying to understand what they can tell us about ancient life and environments. New sophisticated techniques (including image and geochemical analyses) are providing enormous new contributions to our knowledge of Lagerstätten sites and to paleobiology in general. This volume describes many of the most famous Lagerstätten locations worldwide and is complete with over 70 superb halftones showing some of these exotic fossils in all their glory. Paleontologists are beginning to understand why such deposits occur, how they have varied since the advent of marine metazoan life, and how their presence effects our understanding of the evolution of life in the Earth's oceans. In this way, the study of Lagerstätten continues to move towards the mainstream of paleobiological, biological, and geological research, and away from its former status as the examination of mere curiosities. All those interested in these beautiful and sometimes enigmatic deposits will want to own this book.

Author : Carlton Elliot Brett,Gordon C. Baird
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 636 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0231082509

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Paleontological Events by Carlton Elliot Brett,Gordon C. Baird Pdf

A recent renaissance in the field of "event" stratigraphy has promoted a much more thorough examination of the geologic record of particular fossil-bearing strata. This reference work compiles the findings of leading researchers on fossil beds, epiboles and global bioevents, mapping out a definitive temporal and regional classification of event horizons. Based primarily on research with Lower and Middle Paleozoic rocks of eastern North America, 'this volume significantly links these events to relatively short-term phenomena, including storms and climate-forcing cycles. An invaluable resource for specialists and students in the fields of paleontology, paleoecology, stratigraphy, and sedimentology, Paleontological Events helps to clarify the biological and taphonomic significance of these horizons.

Author : Rhona M. Black
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521348366

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The Elements of Palaeontology by Rhona M. Black Pdf

Introduction to paleontology that covers all the groups of fossilized organisms.

Author : Lawrence H. Tanner,Justin A. Spielmann,Spencer G. Lucas
Publisher : New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science
Page : 612 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Geology, Stratigraphic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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The Triassic System: New Developments in Stratigraphy and Paleontology by Lawrence H. Tanner,Justin A. Spielmann,Spencer G. Lucas Pdf

Author : Anthony Hallam
Publisher : North-Holland
Page : 591 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1977-01-01
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 0444414959

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Patterns of Evolution as Illustrated by the Fossil Record by Anthony Hallam Pdf

Author : Paul Selden,John Nudds
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 613 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-03-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781482261837

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Evolution of Fossil Ecosystems by Paul Selden,John Nudds Pdf

Evolution of Fossil Ecosystems describes all of the main Fossil Lagerstätten (sites of exceptional fossil preservation) from around the world in a chronological order. It covers the history of research, stratigraphy and taphonomy, main faunal and floral elements, and the palaeoecology of each site and gives a comparison with coeval sites around the w

Author : Bernhard Ziegler
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Science
ISBN : UCSD:31822001671783

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Introduction to Palaeobiology by Bernhard Ziegler Pdf