Eliminativism Objects And Persons

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Eliminativism, Objects, and Persons

Jiri Benovsky
Eliminativism Objects and Persons Book PDF

Author : Jiri Benovsky
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2018-09-03
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780429816611

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Eliminativism, Objects, and Persons by Jiri Benovsky Pdf

In Eliminativism, Objects, and Persons, Jiri Benovsky defends the view that he doesn't exist. In this book, he also defends the view that this book itself doesn't exist. But this did not prevent him to write the book, and although in Benovsky's view you don't exist either, this does not prevent you to read it. Benovsky defends a brand of non-exceptionalist eliminativism. Some eliminativists, typically focusing on ordinary material objects such as chairs and hammers, make exceptions, for instance for blue whales (that is, living beings) or for persons (that is, conscious organisms). Benovsky takes one by one all types of allegedly existing objects like chairs, whales, and persons and shows that from the metaphysical point of view they are more trouble than they are worth—we are much better off without them. He thus defends an eliminativist view about ordinary objects as well as the 'no-Self' view, where he explores connections between metaphysics, phenomenology, and Buddhist thought. He then also considers the case of aesthetic objects, focusing on musical works and photographs, and shows that the claim of their non-existence solves the many problems that arise when one tries to find an appropriate ontological category for them, and that such an eliminativist view is more natural than what we might have thought. The arguments provided here are always topic-specific: each type of entity is given its own type of treatment, thus proving a varied and solid foundation for a generalized, non-exceptionalist, full-blown eliminativist worldview.

Objects and Persons

Trenton Merricks
Objects and Persons Book PDF

Author : Trenton Merricks
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780199266319

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Objects and Persons by Trenton Merricks Pdf

This work presents a theory about what kind of things exist. Trenton Merricks defends the following criterion for existence of a physical object: that it has a causal role over and above that of its parts.

Mind and Matter

Jiri Benovsky
Mind and Matter Book PDF

Author : Jiri Benovsky
Publisher : Springer
Page : 51 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2018-12-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030056339

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Mind and Matter by Jiri Benovsky Pdf

In this book, the author takes a stand for a variant of panpsychism as being the best solution available to the mind-body problem. More exactly, he defends a view that can be labelled 'dual-aspect-pan-proto-psychism'. Panpsychism claims that mentality is ubiquitous to reality, and in combination with dual-aspect monism it claims that anything, from fundamental particles to rocks, trees, and human animals, has two aspects: a physical aspect and a mental aspect. In short, the view is that the nature of reality is 'phental' (physical-mental). But this does not mean, according to the author, that rocks and photons think or have conscious experiences, in the sense in which human animals have experiences. This is where pan-proto-psychism enters the picture as being a better theoretical option, where the mental aspects of fundamental particles, rocks, and trees are not experiential. Many hard questions arise here. In this book, Benovsky focuses on the combination problem: in short, how do tiny mental aspects of fundamental particles combine to yield macro-phenomenal conscious experiences, such as your complex experience when you enjoy a great gastronomic meal? What makes the question even harder is that the combination problem is not just one problem, but rather a family of various combination issues and worries. Benovsky offers a general strategy to deal with these combination problems and focuses on one in particular – namely, the worry concerning the existence of subjects of experience. Indeed, if standard panpsychism were true, we would need an explanation of how tiny micro-subjects combine into a macro-subject like a human person. And if panprotopsychism is true, it has to explain how a subject of experience can arise from proto-micro-mental aspects of reality. Benovsky shows that understanding the nature of subjectivity in terms of the growingly familiar notion of mineness in combination with an eliminativist view of the self, allows us to have a coherent picture, where this type of combination problem is avoided, without throwing the baby out with the bathwater.

New Explorations in Plato's Theaetetus

Anonim
New Explorations in Plato s Theaetetus Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2022-05-20
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789004516014

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New Explorations in Plato's Theaetetus by Anonim Pdf

Through the explorations of excellent scholars, this book provides a new understanding of Plato's Theaetetus, an absolute masterpiece which contains fundamental insights – about the nature of human cognition, perception, rationality – which are still at the centre of the contemporary debate.

The Routledge Handbook of Metametaphysics

Ricki Bliss,J.T.M. Miller
The Routledge Handbook of Metametaphysics Book PDF

Author : Ricki Bliss,J.T.M. Miller
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 515 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2020-07-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351622509

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The Routledge Handbook of Metametaphysics by Ricki Bliss,J.T.M. Miller Pdf

Philosophical questions regarding the nature and methodology of philosophical inquiry have garnered much attention in recent years. Perhaps nowhere are these discussions more developed than in relation to the field of metaphysics. The Routledge Handbook of Metametaphysics is an outstanding reference source to this growing subject. It comprises thirty-eight chapters written by leading international contributors, and is arranged around five themes: • The history of metametaphysics • Neo-Quineanism (and its objectors) • Alternative conceptions of metaphysics • The epistemology of metaphysics • Science and metaphysics. Essential reading for students and researchers in metaphysics, philosophical methodology, and ontology, The Routledge Handbook of Metametaphysics will also be of interest to those in closely related subjects such as philosophy of language, logic, and philosophy of science.

The Routledge Handbook of Properties

A.R.J. Fisher,Anna-Sofia Maurin
The Routledge Handbook of Properties Book PDF

Author : A.R.J. Fisher,Anna-Sofia Maurin
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2023-12-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781003811893

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The Routledge Handbook of Properties by A.R.J. Fisher,Anna-Sofia Maurin Pdf

Philosophical questions regarding both the existence and nature of properties are ubiquitous in ordinary life, the sciences, and philosophical theorising. In philosophy, it is one of the oldest topics discussed in various intellectual traditions – East and West – reaching back to Plato and Aristotle. Today, in the analytic tradition, properties continue to be a core area of study and research. The Routledge Handbook of Properties is an outstanding reference source to this perennial topic and is the first major volume of its kind. It contains forty specially commissioned chapters written by an international team of expert contributors, and is divided into nine clear parts: Methodology and Metaontology Distinctions Realism about Universals Nominalism Trope Theory Properties in Causation, Time, and Modality Properties in Science Properties in Language and Mind Properties in the Normative Realm, the Social World, and Aesthetics The Routledge Handbook of Properties is essential reading for anyone studying and researching metaphysics, metametaphysics, and ontology, and will also be of interest to those in closely related areas such as philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, ethics, and aesthetics.

Personal Ontology

Andrew Brenner
Personal Ontology Book PDF

Author : Andrew Brenner
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2024-03-31
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781009367073

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Personal Ontology by Andrew Brenner Pdf

Presents the main competing accounts of personal ontology: that we are either souls, or we are composite physical objects of some sort.

The Routledge Handbook of Liberal Naturalism

Mario De Caro,David Macarthur
The Routledge Handbook of Liberal Naturalism Book PDF

Author : Mario De Caro,David Macarthur
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 487 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2022-03-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351209465

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The Routledge Handbook of Liberal Naturalism by Mario De Caro,David Macarthur Pdf

The central question of naturalism - the relation of philosophy to science - was one of the defining strands of twentieth-century thought and remains a major source of debate and controversy. Today many argue that philosophy should fold itself into the sciences, especially the natural sciences. Liberal naturalists argue that such scientific naturalism demands reductive and Procrustean conceptions of knowledge and reality. Moreover, many philosophical problems are beyond the scope of the sciences, such as the nature of persons, the normativity of the space of reasons, and how best to understand the peculiar mix of objectivity and subjectivity of ethics and art. The Routledge Handbook of Liberal Naturalism is the first collection to present a comprehensive overview of liberal naturalism, a philosophical outlook that lies between scientific naturalism and supernaturalism. Comprising 37 chapters by an international team of contributors, it examines important cutting-edge topics including: what is liberal naturalism? is metaphysics a viable project? naturalism in the history of philosophy, including Hume, Dewey, and Quine contemporary liberal naturalists such as P.F. Strawson, John McDowell, Hilary Putnam, and John Rawls related kinds of naturalism, including subject naturalism, common-sense naturalism and biological naturalism the bearing of liberal naturalism on contemporary debates in epistemology, philosophy of mind, ethics and aesthetics. Essential reading for students and researchers in all areas of philosophy, this volume will be of particular interest for those studying philosophical naturalism, philosophy of science, metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of mind, ethics and aesthetics.

Familiar Objects and their Shadows

Crawford L. Elder
Familiar Objects and their Shadows Book PDF

Author : Crawford L. Elder
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2011-01-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781139501125

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Familiar Objects and their Shadows by Crawford L. Elder Pdf

Most contemporary metaphysicians are sceptical about the reality of familiar objects such as dogs and trees, people and desks, cells and stars. They prefer an ontology of the spatially tiny or temporally tiny. Tiny microparticles 'dog-wise arranged' explain the appearance, they say, that there are dogs; microparticles obeying microphysics collectively cause anything that a baseball appears to cause; temporal stages collectively sustain the illusion of enduring objects that persist across changes. Crawford L. Elder argues that all such attempts to 'explain away' familiar objects project downwards, onto the tiny entities, structures and features of familiar objects themselves. He contends that sceptical metaphysicians are thus employing shadows of familiar objects, while denying that the entities which cast those shadows really exist. He argues that the shadows are indeed really there, because their sources - familiar objects - are mind-independently real.

The Non-Existence of the Real World

Jan Westerhoff
The Non Existence of the Real World Book PDF

Author : Jan Westerhoff
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2020-04-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192587183

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The Non-Existence of the Real World by Jan Westerhoff Pdf

Does the real world, defined as a world of objects that exist independent of human interests, concerns, and cognitive activities, really exist? Jan Westerhoff argues that we have good reason to believe it does not. His discussion considers four main facets of the idea of the real world, ranging from the existence of a separate external and internal world (comprising various mental states congregated around a self), to the existence of an ontological foundation that grounds the existence of all the entities in the world, and the existence of an ultimately true theory that provides a final account of all there is. As Westerhoff discusses the reasons for rejecting the postulation of an external world behind our representations, he asserts that the internal world is not as epistemically transparent as is usually assumed, and that there are good reasons for adopting an anti-foundational account of ontological dependence. Drawing on conclusions from the ancient Indian philosophical system of Madhyamaka Buddhism, Westerhoff defends his stance in a purely Western philosophical framework, and affirms that ontology, and philosophy more generally, need not be conceived as providing an ultimately true theory of the world.

Determinism, Death, and Meaning

Stephen Maitzen
Determinism Death and Meaning Book PDF

Author : Stephen Maitzen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2021-11-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000507966

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Determinism, Death, and Meaning by Stephen Maitzen Pdf

This book offers new arguments for determinism. It draws novel and surprising consequences from determinism for our attitudes toward such things as death, regret, grief, and the meaning of life. The book argues that rationalism is the right attitude to take toward reality. It then shows that rationalism implies determinism and that determinism has surprising and far-reaching consequences. The author contends that the existence of all of humanity almost certainly depends on the precise time and manner of your death and mine; that purely retrospective regret, relief, gratitude, and grief are irrational for all but those who hold extreme values; and that everyone’s life has an unending impact on the future and thereby achieves the strongest kind of meaning that it makes sense to desire. Written in a direct and accessible style, Determinism, Death, and Meaning will be of interest to researchers and advanced students working in metaphysics, philosophy of religion, and value theory, as well as general readers with a serious interest in these topics.

Thisness Presentism

David Ingram
Thisness Presentism Book PDF

Author : David Ingram
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2018-09-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780429839207

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Thisness Presentism by David Ingram Pdf

Thisness Presentism outlines and defends a novel version of presentism, the view that only present entities exist and what is present really changes, a view of time that captures a real and objective difference between what is past, present, and future, and which offers a model of reality that is dynamic and mutable, rather than static and immutable. The book advances a new defence of presentism by developing a novel ontology of thisness, combining insights about the nature of essence, the metaphysics of propositions, and the relationship between true propositions and the elements of reality that make them true, alongside insights about time itself. It shows how, by accepting an ontology of thisness, presentists can respond to a number of pressing challenges to presentism, including claims that presentism cannot account for true propositions about the past, and that it is inconsistent with the reality of temporal passage and the openness of the future. This is one of the only book-length defences of presentism. It will be of interest to students and scholars working on the debate about presentism in the philosophy of time, as well as those interested in the metaphysics of propositions and truth-making, more generally.

Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation

Ludger Jansen,Petter Sandstad
Neo Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation Book PDF

Author : Ludger Jansen,Petter Sandstad
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2021-03-21
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000357912

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Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation by Ludger Jansen,Petter Sandstad Pdf

This is the first volume of essays devoted to Aristotelian formal causation and its relevance for contemporary metaphysics and philosophy of science. The essays trace the historical development of formal causation and demonstrate its relevance for contemporary issues, such as causation, explanation, laws of nature, functions, essence, modality, and metaphysical grounding. The introduction to the volume covers the history of theories of formal causation and points out why we need a theory of formal causation in contemporary philosophy. Part I is concerned with scholastic approaches to formal causation, while Part II presents four contemporary approaches to formal causation. The three chapters in Part III explore various notions of dependence and their relevance to formal causation. Part IV, finally, discusses formal causation in biology and cognitive sciences. Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation will be of interest to advanced graduate students and researchers working on contemporary Aristotelian approaches to metaphysics and philosophy of science. This volume includes contributions by José Tomás Alvarado, Christopher J. Austin, Giacomo Giannini, Jani Hakkarainen, Ludger Jansen, Markku Keinänen, Gyula Klima, James G. Lennox, Stephen Mumford, David S. Oderberg, Michele Paolini Paoletti, Sandeep Prasada, Petter Sandstad, Wolfgang Sattler, Benjamin Schnieder, Matthew Tugby, and Jonas Werner.

A Powerful Particulars View of Causation

R.D. Ingthorsson
A Powerful Particulars View of Causation Book PDF

Author : R.D. Ingthorsson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 165 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2021-01-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000361032

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A Powerful Particulars View of Causation by R.D. Ingthorsson Pdf

This book critically examines the recent discussions of powers and powers-based accounts of causation. The author then develops an original view of powers-based causation that aims to be compatible with the theories and findings of natural science. Recently, there has been a dramatic revival of realist approaches to properties and causation, which focus on the relevance of Aristotelian metaphysics and the notion of powers for a scientifically informed view of causation. In this book, R.D. Ingthorsson argues that one central feature of powers-based accounts of causation is arguably incompatible with what is today recognised as fact in the sciences, notably that all interactions are thoroughly reciprocal. Ingthorsson’s powerful particulars view of causation accommodates for the reciprocity of interactions. It also draws out the consequences of that view for issue of causal necessity and offers a way to understand the constitution and persistence of compound objects as causal phenomena. Furthermore, Ingthorsson argues that compound entities, so understood, are just as much processes as they are substances. A Powerful Particulars View of Causation will be of great interest to scholars and advanced students working in metaphysics, philosophy of science, and neo-Aristotelian philosophy, while also being accessible for a general audience. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781003094241, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Metametaphysics and the Sciences

Frode Kjosavik,Camilla Serck-Hanssen
Metametaphysics and the Sciences Book PDF

Author : Frode Kjosavik,Camilla Serck-Hanssen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2019-10-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000727418

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Metametaphysics and the Sciences by Frode Kjosavik,Camilla Serck-Hanssen Pdf

This collection addresses metaphysical issues at the intersection between philosophy and science. A unique feature is the way in which it is guided both by history of philosophy, by interaction between philosophy and science, and by methodological awareness. In asking how metaphysics is possible in an age of science, the contributors draw on philosophical tools provided by three great thinkers who were fully conversant with and actively engaged with the sciences of their day: Kant, Husserl, and Frege. Part I sets out frameworks for scientifically informed metaphysics in accordance with the meta-metaphysics outlined by these three self-reflective philosophers. Part II explores the domain for co-existent metaphysics and science. Constraints on ambitious critical metaphysics are laid down in close consideration of logic, meta-theory, and specific conditions for science. Part III exemplifies the role of language and science in contemporary metaphysics. Quine’s pursuit of truth is analysed; Cantor’s absolute infinitude is reconstrued in modal terms; and sense is made of Weyl’s take on the relationship between mathematics and empirical aspects of physics. With chapters by leading scholars, Metametaphysics and the Sciences is an in-depth resource for researchers and advanced students working within metaphysics, philosophy of science, and the history of philosophy.