Energy Return On Investment

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Energy Return on Investment

Charles A.S. Hall
Energy Return on Investment Book PDF

Author : Charles A.S. Hall
Publisher : Springer
Page : 177 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2016-11-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319478210

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Energy Return on Investment by Charles A.S. Hall Pdf

This authoritative but highly accessible book presents the reader with a powerful framework for understanding the critical role of the energy return on investment (EROI) in the survival and well-being of individuals, ecosystems, businesses, economies and nations. Growth and development are fundamental and ubiquitous processes at all scales, from individuals to food crops to national economies. While we are all familiar with the concepts of economic growth and living standards as measured by gross domestic product (GDP), we often take for granted the energy use that underpins GDP and our expectations for year-on-year growth. In this book, you will learn how these measures of “progress” are completely dependent on the balance that can be achieved between energy costs (inputs) and gains. Nothing is made or moved without an energy surplus, and it is the EROI of available energy sources more than any other single factor that determines the shape of civilization. Nearly all politics and economics assume that policy and market forces are the levers upon which future outcomes will hinge. However, this book presents many examples of historical and current events that can be explained much more clearly from an energetic perspective. In addition, a future scenario is developed that gives a central place to EROI in assessing the potential of governmental and private initiatives to substitute so-called renewable energy sources for diminishing stocks of fossil fuels. When cheap fossil fuels are no longer available in the abundance needed to mask economic problems and power business as usual, it will be EROI more than the plethora of “green” technologies that creates the boundary conditions for a sustainable future.

Spain’s Photovoltaic Revolution

Pedro A. Prieto,Charles A. S. Hall
Spain s Photovoltaic Revolution Book PDF

Author : Pedro A. Prieto,Charles A. S. Hall
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-01-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781441994370

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Spain’s Photovoltaic Revolution by Pedro A. Prieto,Charles A. S. Hall Pdf

The Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROI or EROEI) is the amount of energy acquired from a particular energy source divided by the energy expended, or invested, in obtaining that energy. EROI is an essential and seemingly simple measure of the usable energy or “energy profit” from the exploitation of an energy source, but it is not so easy to determine all of the energy expenditures that should be included in the calculation. Because EROI values are generally low for renewable energy sources, differences in these estimates can lead to sharply divergent conclusions about the viability of these energy technologies. This book presents the first complete energy analysis of a large-scale, real-world deployment of photovoltaic (PV) collection systems representing 3.5 GW of installed, grid-connected solar plants in Spain. The analysis includes all of the factors that limit and adjust the real electricity output through one full-year cycle, and all of the fossil fuel inputs required to achieve these results. The authors’ comprehensive analysis of energy inputs, which assigns energy cost estimates to all financial expenditures, yields EROI values that are less than half of those claimed by other investigators and by the solar industry. Sensitivity analysis is used to test various assumptions in deriving these EROI estimates. The results imply that the EROI of current, large-scale PV systems may be too low to seamlessly support an energy and economic transition away from fossil fuels. Given the pervasiveness of fossil fuel subsidies in the modern economy, a key conclusion is that all components of the system that brings solar power to the consumer, from manufacturing to product maintenance and life cycle, must be improved in terms of energy efficiency. The materials science of solar conversion efficiency is only one such component. Sunny Spain represented an ideal case study as the country had the highest penetration of solar PV energy at 2.3 percent of total national demand as well as state-of-the-art expertise in solar power including grid management of intermittent, modern renewable systems. This book, written by a uniquely qualified author team consisting of the chief engineer for several major photovoltaic projects in Spain and the world’s leading expert on the concept and application of EROI, provides a comprehensive understanding of the net energy available to society from energy sources in general and from functioning PV installations under real-world conditions in particular. The authors provide critical insight into the capacity of renewable energy sources to fill the foreseeable gap between world energy demand and depletion rates for fossil fuels. · Presents the first comprehensive study of the EROI of large-scale solar PV systems in a developed country · Uses real-world operational data rather than laboratory approximations and extrapolations · Describes the dependence of one alternative energy source on the goods and services of a fossil-fueled economy · Has global implications for the potential of renewable energy sources to replace dwindling reserves of fossil fuels · Written with the first-hand knowledge of the chief, on-site engineer for many solar installations in Spain together with the leader in the development and application of the concept of EROI

Energy Return On Investment with the concept of EROI. Applications, criticism and implications

Anna Szujo
Energy Return On Investment with the concept of EROI Applications criticism and implications Book PDF

Author : Anna Szujo
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 26 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2021-04-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783346382191

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Energy Return On Investment with the concept of EROI. Applications, criticism and implications by Anna Szujo Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2016 in the subject Engineering - Power Engineering, grade: 1,0, Technical University of Munich (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering), course: Advanced Seminar on Renewable and Sustainable Energy Systems, language: English, abstract: This paper is about the energy return of investment. Energy has a significant impact on economic growth and is a key driver for the wellbeing of a society. The less a society has to spend on energy, the more remains for consumption and discretionary spending that is directly translated into economic growth. This impact can be assessed with the help of the net energy analysis that makes use of the concept of EROI. The Energy Return On Investment is the ratio of the quantity of energy delivered to the quantity of energy consumed in a given process. Thus, this metric serves to measure the accessibility of a resource, meaning that the higher the EROI, the greater the amount of net energy delivered to society in order to support economic growth. This goes hand in hand with the finding that there is a minimum level of EROI that has to be reached, otherwise economic growth cannot be possible. Given that net energy analysis is going to be one of the most fundamental concepts in academic and policy discussion in view of the future of the energy mix there is still a clear need for a standardized and independent framework to calculate EROI.

Precious Forests

Miodrag Zlatic
Precious Forests Book PDF

Author : Miodrag Zlatic
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2015-09-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789535121756

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Precious Forests by Miodrag Zlatic Pdf

Forests are the dominant terrestrial ecosystem of Earth. They are distributed across the globe. Forests account for 75% of the gross primary productivity of the Earth's biosphere, and contain 80% of the Earth's plant biomass. Human society and forests influence each other in both positive and negative ways. Forests provide ecosystem services to humans. Forests can also impose costs, affect people's health, and interfere with tourist enjoyment. This publication presents reviews and research results on negative and positive human interference on forests, as well as ecology, management, governance, policy and economic issues. The book consists of four sections with 12 chapters derived from around the world.

Energy Return on Investment

Jessica G. Lambert,Charles A.S. Hall,Stephen Balogh
Energy Return on Investment Book PDF

Author : Jessica G. Lambert,Charles A.S. Hall,Stephen Balogh
Publisher : Springer
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2014-06-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 3319029452

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Energy Return on Investment by Jessica G. Lambert,Charles A.S. Hall,Stephen Balogh Pdf

This book describes the essential concepts and tools needed to analyze the quantity and quality of energy resources available to both developed and developing nations. Although economists regard energy as just another marketable commodity, the energy return on investment (EROI) underpins all societal functions, and is a major determinant of economic status and the potential of any development scenario. In addition to a summary of the various approaches that have been used to derive EROI, this book will review existing studies as applied to various energy sources, including, where possible, time series analysis. Particularly new is an assessment of some 76 countries with respect to the relation of various energy indices to a number of well-accepted indices of social well-being. The book concludes with policy recommendations as governments and development agencies attempt to wrestle with changing quantity and quality of energy available globally and the resulting economic impacts. Energy Return on Investment is required reading for: Energy analysts and technologists Economists and others who want a better understanding of the ubiquitous role of energy in society National and regional level decision-makers who are concerned with how to generate effective development in a changing world National and International companies working in developing countries Urban and Regional Planners. The report contained herein was commissioned by the United Kingdom’s Department for International Development (DFID) and developed by the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry (SUNY-ESF).

Oil Shale Development in the United States

James T. Bartis,Tom LaTourrette,Lloyd Dixon,D. J. Peterson,Gary Cecchine
Oil Shale Development in the United States Book PDF

Author : James T. Bartis,Tom LaTourrette,Lloyd Dixon,D. J. Peterson,Gary Cecchine
Publisher : Rand Corporation
Page : 89 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2005-09-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780833041005

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Oil Shale Development in the United States by James T. Bartis,Tom LaTourrette,Lloyd Dixon,D. J. Peterson,Gary Cecchine Pdf

In the early 1980s, industry and government took a hard look at the economics of extracting oil from vast deposits of shale that lie beneath the western United States. Oil prices subsided, and interest waned. With oil prices spiking and global demand showing no signs of abating, reexamining the economics of oil shale makes sense. In this report, the authors describe oil shale resources; suitability, cost, and performance of new technologies; and key policy issues that need to be addressed by government decisionmakers in the near future.

Energy and the Wealth of Nations

Charles A.S. Hall,Kent Klitgaard
Energy and the Wealth of Nations Book PDF

Author : Charles A.S. Hall,Kent Klitgaard
Publisher : Springer
Page : 511 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2018-03-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319662190

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Energy and the Wealth of Nations by Charles A.S. Hall,Kent Klitgaard Pdf

In this updated edition of a groundbreaking text, concepts such as energy return on investment (EROI) provide powerful insights into the real balance sheets that drive our “petroleum economy.” Hall and Klitgaard explore the relation between energy and the wealth explosion of the 20th century, and the interaction of internal limits to growth found in the investment process and rising inequality with the biophysical limits posed by finite energy resources. The authors focus attention on the failure of markets to recognize or efficiently allocate diminishing resources, the economic consequences of peak oil, the high cost and relatively low EROI of finding and exploiting new oil fields, including the much ballyhooed shale plays and oil sands, and whether alternative energy technologies such as wind and solar power can meet the minimum EROI requirements needed to run society as we know it. For the past 150 years, economics has been treated as a social science in which economies are modeled as a circular flow of income between producers and consumers. In this “perpetual motion” of interactions between firms that produce and households that consume, little or no accounting is given of the flow of energy and materials from the environment and back again. In the standard economic model, energy and matter are completely recycled in these transactions, and economic activity is seemingly exempt from the Second Law of Thermodynamics. As we enter the second half of the age of oil, when energy supplies and the environmental impacts of energy production and consumption are likely to constrain economic growth, this exemption should be considered illusory at best. This book is an essential read for all scientists and economists who have recognized the urgent need for a more scientific, empirical, and unified approach to economics in an energy-constrained world, and serves as an ideal teaching text for the growing number of courses, such as the authors’ own, on the role of energy in society.

Life after Fossil Fuels

Alice J. Friedemann
Life after Fossil Fuels Book PDF

Author : Alice J. Friedemann
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03-29
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030703356

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Life after Fossil Fuels by Alice J. Friedemann Pdf

This book is a reality check of where energy will come from in the future. Today, our economy is utterly dependent on fossil fuels. They are essential to transportation, manufacturing, farming, electricity, and to make fertilizers, cement, steel, roads, cars, and half a million other products. One day, sooner or later, fossil fuels will no longer be abundant and affordable. Inevitably, one day, global oil production will decline. That time may be nearer than we realize. Some experts predict oil shortages as soon as 2022 to 2030. What then are our options for replacing the fossil fuels that turn the great wheel of civilization? Surveying the arsenal of alternatives – wind, solar, hydrogen, geothermal, nuclear, batteries, catenary systems, fusion, methane hydrates, power2gas, wave, tidal power and biomass – this book examines whether they can replace or supplement fossil fuels. The book also looks at substitute energy sources from the standpoint of the energy users. Manufacturing, which uses half of fossil fuels, often requires very high heat, which in many cases electricity can't provide. Industry uses fossil fuels as a feedstock for countless products, and must find substitutes. And, as detailed in the author's previous book, "When Trucks Stop Running: Energy and the Future of Transportation," ships, locomotives, and heavy-duty trucks are fueled by diesel. What can replace diesel? Taking off the rose-colored glasses, author Alice Friedemann analyzes our options. What alternatives should we deploy right now? Which technologies merit further research and development? Which are mere wishful thinking that, upon careful scrutiny, dematerialize before our eyes? Fossil fuels have allowed billions of us to live like kings. Fueled by oil, coal, and natural gas, we changed the equation constraining the carrying capacity of our planet. As fossil fuels peak and then decline, will we fall back to Earth? Are there viable alternatives?

Valuation of Renewable Energy Investments

Christian Hürlimann
Valuation of Renewable Energy Investments Book PDF

Author : Christian Hürlimann
Publisher : Springer
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2019-08-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783658274696

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Valuation of Renewable Energy Investments by Christian Hürlimann Pdf

In this book, Christian Hürlimann examines valuation methods and their application in the context of managerial finance within renewable energy investments. Besides a review of classical finance models, the application of other contemporary techniques are discussed. Based on a mixed-methods approach, current practices in performing valuation are empirically analyzed among German and Swiss investors. The developed concepts provide practitioners tools to define equity value drivers, consider risk treatments and value investments along the two dimensions of value creation and value protection.​

Fisher Investments on Energy

Fisher Investments,Andrew Teufel,Aaron Azelton
Fisher Investments on Energy Book PDF

Author : Fisher Investments,Andrew Teufel,Aaron Azelton
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2009-02-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780470285435

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Fisher Investments on Energy by Fisher Investments,Andrew Teufel,Aaron Azelton Pdf

The first offering from the Fisher Investments On investing series is a comprehensive guide to the Energy sector. The book can benefit both new and seasoned investors, covering everything from Energy sector basics to specific industry insights to practical investing tactics, including common pitfalls to avoid. Azelton and Teufel demonstrate a method for uncovering performance and risk-management opportunities—and show the readers how they can do it, too. Filled with detailed graphs and tables, unique insight, and practical advice, Fisher Investments on Energy can provide readers with a solid foundation in this sector. For more information visit www.energy.fisherinvestments.com

Energy And Environmental Hedge Funds

Peter C. Fusaro,Gary M. Vasey
Energy And Environmental Hedge Funds Book PDF

Author : Peter C. Fusaro,Gary M. Vasey
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2006-06-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780470821985

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Energy And Environmental Hedge Funds by Peter C. Fusaro,Gary M. Vasey Pdf

Praise for Energy & Environmental Hedge Funds: The New Investment Paradigm "I highly recommend this book for those investors interested in energy and environmental hedge funds. It is a great handbook on these topics. The authors make a difficult subject easy for investors to understand. Energy and Environmental Hedge Funds are both the newest and next area for hedge fund investment and diversification." —Lisa Vioni, President, HedgeConnection.com "Peter Fusaro and Gary Vasey have done a great jo9b in compiling all of the background information that a newcomer to energy investing should have. This insightful book helps in determining how best to gain exposure to the rapidly changing energy trading sector." —Raj Mahajan, President & Co-Founder, SunGard Kiodex "The entry of opportunistic hedge funds into the energy sector is creating a sea of change for the industry. Fueled by pension funds and institutional investors, hedge funds are attracted to the petroleum industry because the current price volatility provides generous returns for their investors. However, these investments are not without risk. Gary Vasey and Peter Fusaro explain the ins and outs of it all in their insightful narrative." —Don Stowers, Editor, Oil & Gas Financial Journal "Peter Fusaro and Gary Vasey write about energy and environmental hedge fund markets with greater style, aplomb, and insight that any other observers of financial high streets worldwide.... Outlining some of the early and provocative details of an industry's youthful achievement and potential, it is likely that this exposition by two of the energy and financial world's most credible experts will become a seminal work." —Ethan L. Cohen, Director, Utility and Energy Technology, UtiliPoint International, Inc.

Energy Storage and Civilization

Graham Palmer,Joshua Floyd
Energy Storage and Civilization Book PDF

Author : Graham Palmer,Joshua Floyd
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 173 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2020-01-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030330934

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Energy Storage and Civilization by Graham Palmer,Joshua Floyd Pdf

Fossil fuels comprise the accumulation of prehistoric biomass that was energised by sunlight, and formed by earth system dynamics. Fossil fuels can be conceptualized as stored energy stocks that can be readily converted to power flows, on demand. A transition from a reliance on stored energy stocks, to renewable energy flows, will require a replication of energy storage by technological devices and energy conversion methods. Most analyses of energy storage focus solely on the economic-technical properties of storage within incumbent energy systems. This book broadens the scope of the study of storage by placing it within a broader, historical, biophysical framework. The role and value of storage is examined from first principles, and framed within the contemporary context of electrical grids and markets. The energy-economic cost of electrical storage may be critical to the efficacy of high penetration renewable scenarios, and understanding the costs and benefits of storage is needed for a proper assessment of storage in energy transition studies. This book provides a starting point for engineers, scientists and energy analysts for exploring the role of storage in energy transition studies, and for gaining an appreciation of the biophysical constraints of storage.

The Power of Existing Buildings

Robert Sroufe,Craig E. Stevenson,Beth A. Eckenrode
The Power of Existing Buildings Book PDF

Author : Robert Sroufe,Craig E. Stevenson,Beth A. Eckenrode
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2019-11-12
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781642830507

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The Power of Existing Buildings by Robert Sroufe,Craig E. Stevenson,Beth A. Eckenrode Pdf

In The Power of Existing Buildings, academic sustainability expert Robert Sroufe, and construction and building experts Craig Stevenson and Beth Eckenrode, explain how to realize the potential of existing buildings and make them perform like new. This step-by-step guide will help readers to: understand where to start a project; develop financial models and realize costs savings; assemble an expert team; and align goals with numerous sustainability programs. The Power of Existing Buildings will challenge you to rethink spaces where people work and play, while determining how existing buildings can save the world. The insights and practical experience of Sroufe, Stevenson, and Eckenrode, along with the project case study examples, provide new insights on investing in existing buildings for building owners, engineers, occupants, architects, and real estate and construction professionals.

Energy Return on Investment

Rigo Melgar,Charles Hall
Energy Return on Investment Book PDF

Author : Rigo Melgar,Charles Hall
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1375346899

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Energy Return on Investment by Rigo Melgar,Charles Hall Pdf

Energy return on investment (EROI) is a biophysical and ecological economics concept that is useful to think about how organisms, ecosystems and societies must obtain enough surplus energy returned from energy gathering activities to live, reproduce, and thrive. EROI can help us overcome the false dualism between nature and society. EROI is a useful metric for economics because it is based on immutable physical laws rather than sometimes arbitrary human preferences. It is essential for assessing useful power, energy trade-offs, efficiencies (and inefficiencies), resource depletion trends, resource quality, and surplus potentials of different fuels and technologies that power, or might power, our socio-economic systems. Apparent inconsistencies in the literature can generally be reduced or eliminated by paying careful attention and explicitly stating boundaries and definitions. We argue that proper use of EROI is critical to understand the interconnections among the environment, energy, and socio-economic development, and inform future energy transitions.

Cases on Green Energy and Sustainable Development

Yang, Peter
Cases on Green Energy and Sustainable Development Book PDF

Author : Yang, Peter
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 612 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2019-07-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781522585619

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Cases on Green Energy and Sustainable Development by Yang, Peter Pdf

Despite the urgent need for action, there is a widespread lack of understanding of the benefits of using green energy sources for not only reducing carbon emissions and climate change, but also for growing a sustainable economy and society. Future citizens of the world face increasing sustainability issues and need to be better prepared for energy transformation and sustainable future economic development. Cases on Green Energy and Sustainable Development is a critical research book that focuses on the important role renewable energy and energy efficiency play in energy transition and sustainable development and covers economic and promotion policies of major renewable energy and energy-efficiency technologies. Highlighting a wide range of topics such as economics, energy storage, and transportation technologies, this book is ideal for environmentalists, academicians, researchers, engineers, policymakers, and students.