Enforcement Of The Community Reinvestment Act Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Enforcement Of The Community Reinvestment Act book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.
Enforcement of the Community Reinvestment Act by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Consumer and Regulatory Affairs Pdf
"In Democratizing Capital, Professor Richard Marsico offers a bold proposal for improving the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA), a law that has done more than any other to "democratize capital" by bringing under privileged people and neighbourhoods into the economic mainstream." "Democratizing Capital will be of interest to policymakers, bankers seeking to comply with the law, government officials seeking to enforce it, community groups seeking to increase lending in their neighbourhoods, students interested in learning about the CRA, and anyone else interested in low-income community economic development."--BOOK JACKET.
This book provides the most comprehensive examination of community reinvestment and fair lending problems and policies currently available. It outlines the history of lending discrimination and redlining in U.S. mortgage and small business lending markets, and documents the persistence of such problems today. The author explains the role that government has played in developing banking and credit markets in the United States, from the creation of Alexander Hamilton's First Bank of the United States to the ongoing support government provides through the subsidization of secondary markets and through maintenance of critical regulatory infrastructure. Immergluck takes issue with those calling for deregulation of financial services - especially in the arena of fair lending and consumer protection - and gives new voice to rationales for social contract policies such as the Community Reinvestment Act. He provides new long-term analysis of the failure of federal bank regulators to enforce the CRA, and also shows how increased community activism and media attention have led to sporadic periods of stronger CRA enforcement. Finally, he recommends a number of policy changes that are needed to modernize the nation's fair lending and community reinvestment laws and make them more relevant for the 21st century.
Community Reinvestment Performance by Kenneth H. Thomas Pdf
The equality and breadth of bank lending practices are under microscopic scrutiny from community groups, Congress, financial regulatory agencies and the media. To say that subjective interpretation and sporadic enforcement have made the Community Reinvestment Act one of the most controversial regulations ever imposed upon banking is an understatement. As front page headlines charge discriminatory lending practices, as CRA is linked to urban blight and the L.A. riots, and as previously confidential bank CRA ratings are disclosed, banking's least liked law becomes ever more controversial, emotionally charged and unpopular. Enforcement of CRA is high on the Clinton agenda in a shift from previous administrations. New justice department investigations, lawsuits and penalties, powerful and well-organized community groups, and heightened attention from the public and media all promise to make CRA the most talked about regulatory issue of the 1990s. Furthermore, it will increasingly become a major component in the approval of impending bank mergers and any proposed new powers for the banking industry. Yet, if the truth be known, CRA ratings are alarmingly subjective. While repeatedly alleged, these charges have never been documented - until now. In this seminal work, bringing together years of analysis and research, CRA expert Kenneth H. Thomas presents the first truly objective, in-depth evaluation of CRA assessment and performance. Dr. Thomas reveals actual cases of CRA grade inflation and deflation - including the previously unreported case of apparent regulatory favoritism involving the controversial acquisition of one of America's largest failed banks. Sure to spark additional debate, this landmark work is required reading for anyone in the CRA triangle - bankers, community groups and bank regulators. Community Reinvestment Performance sheds new light on banking's least liked law; uncovers what bankers, community groups and regulators really think about CRA; provides the first historical analysis of CRA performance from 1982 - 1992; and includes innovative recommendations for improving CRA with an emphasis on public policy issues.
Discrimination in Mortgage Lending by Robert Schafer,Helen F. Ladd Pdf
This book substitutes rigorous and systematic analysis for the undocumented claims that have characterized the debate on "redlining"--the denial of mortgage money to poorer neighborhoods. In addition, Schafer and Ladd discuss discrimination against individuals, appraisal practices, and the likelihood of default, analyze recent policy decisions, and recommend a range of new policies. The thorough documentation that supports this analysis was obtained through an examination of individual mortgage applications--denials as well as approvals--in New York and California, the only two states in which such data is available, its disclosure mandated under state law.One of the book's major findings is that discrimination in home financing is based far more on an individual's race than on the location of the property--that although the redlining debate has turned on the issue of geographic discrimination, the underlying reality is one of racial discrimination, and individuals are more often the targets than are neighborhoods.After an introductory chapter, "Discrimination in Mortgage Lending" takes up default risk in mortgage lending, appraisal practices, the flow of funds, lending decision models, the decision to lend in California, mortgage credit terms in California, the decision to lend in New York, mortgage credit terms in New York, a summary of results, and recommendations.
Enforcement of the Community Reinvestment Act by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Consumer and Regulatory Affairs Pdf
The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report by Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission Pdf
The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report, published by the U.S. Government and the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission in early 2011, is the official government report on the United States financial collapse and the review of major financial institutions that bankrupted and failed, or would have without help from the government. The commission and the report were implemented after Congress passed an act in 2009 to review and prevent fraudulent activity. The report details, among other things, the periods before, during, and after the crisis, what led up to it, and analyses of subprime mortgage lending, credit expansion and banking policies, the collapse of companies like Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, and the federal bailouts of Lehman and AIG. It also discusses the aftermath of the fallout and our current state. This report should be of interest to anyone concerned about the financial situation in the U.S. and around the world.THE FINANCIAL CRISIS INQUIRY COMMISSION is an independent, bi-partisan, government-appointed panel of 10 people that was created to "examine the causes, domestic and global, of the current financial and economic crisis in the United States." It was established as part of the Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009. The commission consisted of private citizens with expertise in economics and finance, banking, housing, market regulation, and consumer protection. They examined and reported on "the collapse of major financial institutions that failed or would have failed if not for exceptional assistance from the government."News Dissector DANNY SCHECHTER is a journalist, blogger and filmmaker. He has been reporting on economic crises since the 1980's when he was with ABC News. His film In Debt We Trust warned of the economic meltdown in 2006. He has since written three books on the subject including Plunder: Investigating Our Economic Calamity (Cosimo Books, 2008), and The Crime Of Our Time: Why Wall Street Is Not Too Big to Jail (Disinfo Books, 2011), a companion to his latest film Plunder The Crime Of Our Time. He can be reached online at www.newsdissector.com.
Author : Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Publisher : Unknown Page : 0 pages File Size : 43,8 Mb Release : 2002 Category : Banks and Banking ISBN : 0894991965
The Federal Reserve System Purposes and Functions by Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Pdf
Provides an in-depth overview of the Federal Reserve System, including information about monetary policy and the economy, the Federal Reserve in the international sphere, supervision and regulation, consumer and community affairs and services offered by Reserve Banks. Contains several appendixes, including a brief explanation of Federal Reserve regulations, a glossary of terms, and a list of additional publications.
"In Democratizing Capital, Professor Richard Marsico offers a bold proposal for improving the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA), a law that has done more than any other to "democratize capital" by bringing under privileged people and neighbourhoods into the economic mainstream." "Democratizing Capital will be of interest to policymakers, bankers seeking to comply with the law, government officials seeking to enforce it, community groups seeking to increase lending in their neighbourhoods, students interested in learning about the CRA, and anyone else interested in low-income community economic development."--BOOK JACKET.
President Clinton's Community Reinvestment Act Reform Initiative and Enforcement of Federal Fair Lending Laws by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Consumer Credit and Insurance Pdf
Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche.
Author : United States. General Accounting Office Publisher : Unknown Page : 116 pages File Size : 45,8 Mb Release : 1995 Category : Community development ISBN : STANFORD:36105127344575
