Environmental Health Hazards And Social Justice

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Environmental Health Hazards and Social Justice

Author : Florence Margai
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781136537813

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Environmental Health Hazards and Social Justice by Florence Margai Pdf

This book provides geographic perspectives and approaches for use in assessing the distribution of environmental health hazards and disease outcomes among disadvantaged population groups. Estimates suggest that about 40 per cent of the global burden of disease is attributable to exposures to biological and chemical pathogens in the physical environment. And with today's rapid rate of globalization, and these hazardous health effects are likely to increase, with low income and underrepresented communities facing even greater risks. In many places around the world, marginalized communities unwillingly serve as hosts of noxious facilities such as chemical industrial plants, extractive facilities (oil and mining) and other destructive land use activities. Others are being used as illegal dumping grounds for hazardous materials and electronic wastes resulting in air, soil and groundwater contamination. The book informs readers about the geography and emergent health risks that accompany the location of these hazards, with emphasis on vulnerable population groups. The approach is applications-oriented, illustrating the use of health data and geographic approaches to uncover the root causes, contextual factors and processes that produce contaminated environments. Case studies are drawn from the author's research in the United States and Africa, along with a literature review of related studies completed in Europe, Asia and South America. This comparative approach allows readers to better understand the manifestation of environmental hazards and inequities at different spatial scales with localized disparities evident in both developed and developing countries.

Environmental Health Hazards and Social Justice

Author : Florence Margai
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781136537820

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Environmental Health Hazards and Social Justice by Florence Margai Pdf

This book provides geographic perspectives and approaches for use in assessing the distribution of environmental health hazards and disease outcomes among disadvantaged population groups. Estimates suggest that about 40 per cent of the global burden of disease is attributable to exposures to biological and chemical pathogens in the physical environment. And with today's rapid rate of globalization, and these hazardous health effects are likely to increase, with low income and underrepresented communities facing even greater risks. In many places around the world, marginalized communities unwillingly serve as hosts of noxious facilities such as chemical industrial plants, extractive facilities (oil and mining) and other destructive land use activities. Others are being used as illegal dumping grounds for hazardous materials and electronic wastes resulting in air, soil and groundwater contamination. The book informs readers about the geography and emergent health risks that accompany the location of these hazards, with emphasis on vulnerable population groups. The approach is applications-oriented, illustrating the use of health data and geographic approaches to uncover the root causes, contextual factors and processes that produce contaminated environments. Case studies are drawn from the author's research in the United States and Africa, along with a literature review of related studies completed in Europe, Asia and South America. This comparative approach allows readers to better understand the manifestation of environmental hazards and inequities at different spatial scales with localized disparities evident in both developed and developing countries.

Environments, Risks and Health

Author : John Eyles,Jamie Baxter
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2016-08-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781317142089

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Environments, Risks and Health by John Eyles,Jamie Baxter Pdf

Much of the scientific work on environmental health research has come from the clinical and biophysical sciences. Yet contributions are being made from the social sciences with respect to economic change, distributional equities, political will, public perceptions and the social geographical challenges of the human health-environments linkages. Offering the first comprehensive and cohesive summary of the input from social science to this field, this book focuses on how humans theorize their relationships to the environment with respect to health and how these ideas are mediated through an evaluation of risk and hazards. Most work on risk has focused primarily on environmental problems. This book extends and synthesizes these works for the field of human health, treating social, economic, cultural and political context as vital. Bringing disparate literatures from across several disciplines together with their own applied research and experience, John Eyles and Jamie Baxter deal with scientific uncertainty in the everyday issues raised and question how social theories and models of the way the world works can contribute to understanding these uncertainties. This book is essential reading for those studying and researching in the fields of health geography and environmental studies as well as environmental sociology, social and applied anthropology, environmental psychology and environmental politics.

Environmental Policy and Public Health

Author : Barry L. Johnson,Maureen Y. Lichtveld
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2022-03-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000518351

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Environmental Policy and Public Health by Barry L. Johnson,Maureen Y. Lichtveld Pdf

Written by environmental health experts with long teaching and professional careers in policy and public health, the third edition of Environmental Policy and Public Health comprises two volumes, addressing key physical hazards in the environment that impact public health. The first volume on Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation is complemented by the second volume, Emerging Health Hazards and Mitigation. Volume 2 discusses emerging health hazards and mitigation including environment-related infectious diseases, COVID-19 pandemic, social justice, and drugs and public health. New in this volume are a chapter on firearms violence as a public health hazard, a chapter on transportation and how built environments can affect human health and social well-being, and a chapter on noise and light pollution. As human populations increase and technology adds more devices to daily use that generate noise and light, adverse human and ecological health effects have become recognizable and require time-sensitive policy actions to mitigate and where possible prevent adverse health effects. Each chapter explains with great clarity how new environmental health issues are translated into public health policies. The volume concludes with case studies and practice questions to facilitate interactive learning for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in public health and environmental sciences. The case studies and practice questions allow for a diverse portfolio of in-person and hybrid pedagogical strategies and tools at the fingertips of faculty who not only teach policy courses but whose course topics have policy relevance, such as climate and health.

Environmental Policy and Public Health

Author : Barry L. Johnson,Maureen Y. Lichtveld
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2022-03-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000518320

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Environmental Policy and Public Health by Barry L. Johnson,Maureen Y. Lichtveld Pdf

Written by environmental health experts with long teaching and professional careers in policy and public health, the third edition of Environmental Policy and Public Health comprises two volumes, addressing key physical hazards in the environment that impact public health. The first volume on Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation is complemented by the second volume, Emerging Health Hazards and Mitigation. Volume 2 discusses emerging health hazards and mitigation including environment-related infectious diseases, COVID-19 pandemic, social justice, and drugs and public health. New in this volume are a chapter on firearms violence as a public health hazard, a chapter on transportation and how built environments can affect human health and social well-being, and a chapter on noise and light pollution. As human populations increase and technology adds more devices to daily use that generate noise and light, adverse human and ecological health effects have become recognizable and require time-sensitive policy actions to mitigate and where possible prevent adverse health effects. Each chapter explains with great clarity how new environmental health issues are translated into public health policies. The volume concludes with case studies and practice questions to facilitate interactive learning for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in public health and environmental sciences. The case studies and practice questions allow for a diverse portfolio of in-person and hybrid pedagogical strategies and tools at the fingertips of faculty who not only teach policy courses but whose course topics have policy relevance, such as climate and health.

Toward Environmental Justice

Author : Committee on Environmental Justice,Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1999-03-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309593014

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Toward Environmental Justice by Committee on Environmental Justice,Institute of Medicine Pdf

Driven by community-based organizations and supported by a growing body of literature, the environmental justice movement contends that poor and minority populations are burdened with more than their share of toxic waste, pesticide runoff, and other hazardous byproducts of our modern economic life. Is environmental degradation worse in poor and minority communities? Do these communities suffer more adverse health effects as a result? The committee addresses these questions and explores how current fragmentation in health policy could be replaced with greater coordination among federal, state, and local parties. The book is highlighted with case studies from five locations where the committee traveled to hear citizen and researcher testimony. It offers detailed examinations in these areas: Identifying environmental hazards and assessing risk for populations of varying ethnic, social, and economic backgrounds, and the need for methodologies that uniquely suit the populations at risk. Identifying basic, clinical, and occupational research needs and meeting challenges to research on minorities. Expanding environmental education from an ecological focus to a public health focus for all levels of health professionals. Legal and ethical aspects of environmental health issues. The book makes recommendations to decisionmakers in the areas of public health, research, and education of health professionals and outlines health policy considerations.

U.S. Health in International Perspective

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309264143

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U.S. Health in International Perspective by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries Pdf

The United States is among the wealthiest nations in the world, but it is far from the healthiest. Although life expectancy and survival rates in the United States have improved dramatically over the past century, Americans live shorter lives and experience more injuries and illnesses than people in other high-income countries. The U.S. health disadvantage cannot be attributed solely to the adverse health status of racial or ethnic minorities or poor people: even highly advantaged Americans are in worse health than their counterparts in other, "peer" countries. In light of the new and growing evidence about the U.S. health disadvantage, the National Institutes of Health asked the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a panel of experts to study the issue. The Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries examined whether the U.S. health disadvantage exists across the life span, considered potential explanations, and assessed the larger implications of the findings. U.S. Health in International Perspective presents detailed evidence on the issue, explores the possible explanations for the shorter and less healthy lives of Americans than those of people in comparable countries, and recommends actions by both government and nongovernment agencies and organizations to address the U.S. health disadvantage.

Environmental Policy and Public Health

Author : Barry Lee Johnson,Maureen Y. Lichtveld
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2022-02
Category : Law
ISBN : 1032080353

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Environmental Policy and Public Health by Barry Lee Johnson,Maureen Y. Lichtveld Pdf

Written by environmental health experts with experience in policy and public health, the third edition of this book comprises two volumes. This second volume discusses emerging health hazards and mitigation including environment- related infectious diseases, COVID-pandemic, social justice, and drugs and public health.

Environmental Victims

Author : Christopher Williams
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2014-04-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781134185177

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Environmental Victims by Christopher Williams Pdf

This study looks at environmental problems from the perspective of the victims. The bottom line consequences are often damaging to the health of individuals or communities and they raise a wide range of issues concerning justice, international and environmental law, public health, occupational health and health policy, social policy and welfare, international relations and security. All of these issues are addressed by the contributors, and the work is designed for a spectrum of readers, whether concerned with industrial hazards and occupational health, relevant agreements or treaties, environmental refugees, or the roles of state, business and other actors.

Public Health Ethics: Cases Spanning the Globe

Author : Drue H. Barrett,Leonard W. Ortmann,Angus Dawson,Carla Saenz,Andreas Reis,Gail Bolan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2016-04-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3319238469

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Public Health Ethics: Cases Spanning the Globe by Drue H. Barrett,Leonard W. Ortmann,Angus Dawson,Carla Saenz,Andreas Reis,Gail Bolan Pdf

This Open Access book highlights the ethical issues and dilemmas that arise in the practice of public health. It is also a tool to support instruction, debate, and dialogue regarding public health ethics. Although the practice of public health has always included consideration of ethical issues, the field of public health ethics as a discipline is a relatively new and emerging area. There are few practical training resources for public health practitioners, especially resources which include discussion of realistic cases which are likely to arise in the practice of public health. This work discusses these issues on a case to case basis and helps create awareness and understanding of the ethics of public health care. The main audience for the casebook is public health practitioners, including front-line workers, field epidemiology trainers and trainees, managers, planners, and decision makers who have an interest in learning about how to integrate ethical analysis into their day to day public health practice. The casebook is also useful to schools of public health and public health students as well as to academic ethicists who can use the book to teach public health ethics and distinguish it from clinical and research ethics.

Communities in Action

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2017-04-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309452960

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Communities in Action by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States Pdf

In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

The Promise and Peril of Environmental Justice

Author : Christopher H. Foreman
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2011-02-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 0815717377

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The Promise and Peril of Environmental Justice by Christopher H. Foreman Pdf

Are we environmentally victimizing, perhaps even poisoning, our minority and low-income citizens? Proponents of "environmental justice" assert that environmental decisionmaking pays insufficient heed to the interests of those citizens, disproportionately burdens their neighborhoods with hazardous toxins, and perpetuates an insidious "environmental racism." In the first book-length critique of environmental justice advocacy, Christopher Foreman argues that it has cleared significant political hurdles but displays substantial limitations and drawbacks. Activism has yielded a presidential executive order, management reforms at the Environmental Protection Agency, and numerous local political victories. Yet the environmental justice movement is structurally and ideologically unable to generate a focused policy agenda. The movement refuses to confront the need for environmental priorities and trade-offs, politically inconvenient facts about environmental health risks, and the limits of an environmental approach to social justice. Ironically, environmental justice advocacy may also threaten the very constituencies it aspires to serve--distracting attention from the many significant health hazards challenging minority and disadvantaged populations. Foreman recommends specific institutional reforms intended to recast the national dialogue about the stakes of these populations in environmental protection.

Industrial Disasters, Toxic Waste, and Community Impact

Author : Francis O. Adeola
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2012-09-27
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780739147481

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Industrial Disasters, Toxic Waste, and Community Impact by Francis O. Adeola Pdf

Industrial Disasters, Toxic Waste, and Community Impact focuses on hazardous and toxic wastes releases, industrial disasters, the consequent contamination of communities and the environment, and the subsequent social impacts, including adverse health effects, deaths and property destruction, psychosocial problems, and community disruption. This book explains the emergence of a sociological study of risk and of natural, technological, and hybrid disasters, along with a review of the accumulated body of knowledge in the field. It is unique in its integration of sociological perspectives with perspectives from other disciplines when discussing the problems posed by technological hazards both in advanced industrialized societies and in the underdeveloped world. Francis O. Adeola extends the field through an innovative presentation of topics which up to now have had sparse treatment in sociology texts. This book starts by presenting the sociology of hazardous waste, risk, and disasters as a relatively new development, engendering both a growing passion and an increasing volume of empirical research among scholars. Next, it describes how hazardous and toxic wastes disposal, exposure, remediation, and proximate adverse health consequences have risen to the level of endemic social problem both in the United States and around the world. After discussing these cases in relation to contemporary theories of industrial and organizational disasters, Adeola delves into classifying of hazardous wastes, indicating the characteristics of each type of waste, and identifying what makes them especially dangerous to people and the environment. Other major topics addressed in the rest of the book include electronic waste (e-waste) as a new species of trouble in terms of the volume and toxicity of global e-waste generation and management, the environmental and health risks of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), case studies of contaminated communities within the United States and across the globe, the international flows of toxic waste, analysis of risk and environmental contamination by race and ethnicity in the United States, and the juxtaposition of the issues of environmental justice and human rights. With its many contributions to environmental sociology, Industrial Disasters, Toxic Waste, and Community Impact will be a valuable addition to the libraries of students, scholars, and practitioners interested in the intersection of toxic waste releases, human exposure to contaminants, and public health.

Environment and Social Justice

Author : Dorceta E. Taylor
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2010-08-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780857241849

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Environment and Social Justice by Dorceta E. Taylor Pdf

The environmental justice movement, an organized social and political force in America in the '80s, is a global phenomenon today as activists worldwide try to understand the relationship between environment, race/ethnicity and social inequality. This volume examines domestic and international environmental issues.

Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health

Author : Roger Detels,Martin Gulliford,Quarraisha Abdool Karim,Chorh Chuan Tan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 1717 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780198810131

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Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health by Roger Detels,Martin Gulliford,Quarraisha Abdool Karim,Chorh Chuan Tan Pdf

Sixth edition of the hugely successful, internationally recognised textbook on global public health and epidemiology, with 3 volumes comprehensively covering the scope, methods, and practice of the discipline