Environmental Impact Assessment For The Construction Of A New And Permanent Koror Babeldaob Bridge Koror And Airai States Republic Of Palau

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Assessment of the Environmental Effects Associated with Wooden Bridges Preserved with Creosote, Pentachlorophenol, Or Chromated Copper Arsenate

Author : Kenneth M. Brooks
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Wood preservatives
ISBN : MINN:31951D02988816L

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Assessment of the Environmental Effects Associated with Wooden Bridges Preserved with Creosote, Pentachlorophenol, Or Chromated Copper Arsenate by Kenneth M. Brooks Pdf

Timber bridges provide an economical alternative to concrete and steel structures, particularly in rural areas with light to moderate vehicle traffic. Wooden components of these bridges are treated with chromated copper arsenate type C (CCA), pentachlorophenol, or creosote to prolong the life of the structure from a few years to many decades. This results in reduced transportation infrastructure costs and increased public safety. However, the preservative used to treat the wooden components in timber bridges is lost to the environment in small amounts over time. This report describes the concentration of wood preservatives lost to adjacent environments and the biological response to these preservatives as environmental contaminants. Six bridges from various states were examined for risk assessment: two creosote treated bridges, two pentachlorophenol-treated bridges, and two CCA-treated bridges. In all cases, the largest bridges located in biologically active environments associated with slow-flowing water were selected to represent worst-case analyses. Sediment and water column concentrations of preservative were analyzed upstream from, under, and downstream from each bridge. The observed levels of contaminant were compared with available regulatory standards or benchmarks and with the quantitative description of the aquatic invertebrate community sampled from vegetation and sediments. Pentachlorophenol- and creosote-derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were not observed in the water near any of the selected bridges. However, low levels of PAHs were observed in the sediments under and immediately downstream from these bridges. Pentachlorophenol concentrations did not approach toxicological benchmarks. Sediment concentrations of naphthalene, acenaphthylene, and phenanthrene exceeded the probable effect level. Metal levels at the bridges treated with CCA were less than predicted effect levels, in spite of questionable construction practices. Adverse biological effects were not observed in the aquatic invertebrate community or laboratory bioassays conducted on water and sediments sampled at each of the bridges. Results of this study reveal the need to follow the construction information found in Best Management Practices for the Use of Treated Wood In Aquatic Environments published by Western Wood Preservers Institute. Regulatory benchmarks used in risk assessments of this type need to be indexed to local environmental conditions. The robust invertebrate communities associated with slow-moving streams over soft bottoms were not susceptible to the concentrations of PAHs that would be expected to affect more sensitive taxa, which typically are located in faster moving water over hard bottoms. Contaminants released from timber bridges into these faster systems (where more sensitive taxa are located) are significantly diluted and not found at biologically significant levels.

SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project

Author : Washington (State). Department of Transportation,United States. Federal Highway Administration
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 21 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Evergreen Point Bridge (Medina and Seattle, Wash.)
ISBN : OCLC:699817230

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SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project by Washington (State). Department of Transportation,United States. Federal Highway Administration Pdf

Metropolitan Open Space

Author : Duap Staff
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 18 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : City planning
ISBN : 0730570827

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Metropolitan Open Space by Duap Staff Pdf

SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project

Author : Washington (State). Department of Transportation
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Evergreen Point Bridge (Medina and Seattle, Wash.)
ISBN : OCLC:699817230

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SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project by Washington (State). Department of Transportation Pdf

New Palauan-English Dictionary

Author : Lewis S. Josephs
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
Page : 1467 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2019-03-31
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9780824881597

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New Palauan-English Dictionary by Lewis S. Josephs Pdf

Based on the Palauan-English dictionary by Fr. Edwin G. McManus, S.J. (UH Press, 1977), this revision is designed to be an easily accessible reference for identifying vocabulary items of Palauan, which are often culture bound, semantically rich, and structurally quite complex. Thousands of Palauan entries are new or greatly expanded. Users will benefit from a much wider range of vocabulary, especially in the areas of flora and fauna, Palauan legend, and borrowed words from both English and Japanese. The expanded English-Palauan finder list allows for quick reference to the Palauan equivalents of many English words.

Fisheries of the Pacific Islands

Author : R. D. Gillett,Mele Ikatonga Tauati
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9251305153

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Fisheries of the Pacific Islands by R. D. Gillett,Mele Ikatonga Tauati Pdf

Sharing Ecosystem Services

Author : Osamu Saito
Publisher : Springer
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2019-08-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811380679

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Sharing Ecosystem Services by Osamu Saito Pdf

Using “the sharing paradigm” as a guiding concept, this book demonstrates that “sharing” has much greater potential to make rural society resilient, sustainable and inclusive through enriching all four sharing dimensions: informal, mediated, communal and commercial sharing. The chapters are divided into two parts, one that focuses on case studies of the sharing ecosystem services in Japan, the other on case studies from around the world including in the regions of Africa, Asia-Pacific, South America and Europe. Reflecting the recent growing attention to sharing concept and its application to economic and urban context, this publication explores opportunities and challenges to build more resilient and sustainable society in harmony with nature by critical examination of sharing practices in rural landscapes and seascapes around the world. This book introduces not only traditional communal and non-market sharing practices in different rural areas, but also new forms of sharing through integration of traditional practices and modern science and technologies.

An Account of the Pelew Islands, Situated in the Western Part of the Pacific Ocean

Author : George Keate,Henry Wilson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1788
Category : Middle East
ISBN : NYPL:33433082445242

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An Account of the Pelew Islands, Situated in the Western Part of the Pacific Ocean by George Keate,Henry Wilson Pdf

Account of the journey of the Antelope which was shipwrecked off the coast of the Palau Islands; the experiences of the crew on the Palau Islands; and their return to England with Prince Lee Boo, one of King Abba Thulle's sons; and of the death of Lee Boo from smallpox.

Key indicators 2007: Inequality in Asia

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Asia
ISBN : OCLC:1016064940

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Key indicators 2007: Inequality in Asia by Anonim Pdf

ADB aims to improve the welfare of the people in the asia and pacific region, particularly the nearly 1.9 billion live less than $2 a day. Despite many success sotires, the region remains home to two thirds of the world's poor. ADB is a multilateral development finance instition owned by 67 members, 48 from the region and 19 from other parts of the globe. ADB's vision is a region free of poverty. It mission is to help its developing member countries are poverty and improve their inequility of life. ADB's main instruments for helping its developing memeber vountries are policy dialogue, loans, equity investments, guarantees, grants and technical assistance. ADB's annual lending volume is typically about $6 billion, with technical assistatnce usually totalling about $180 million a year.

Palauan-English Dictionary

Author : Edwin G. McManus
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 546 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1977
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : UVA:X000715005

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Palauan-English Dictionary by Edwin G. McManus Pdf