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The Family of Gaetano Salvemini Under Fascisms by Filomena Fantarella Pdf
Gaetano Salvemini (1873 – 1957), one of the most influential Italian intellectuals of his generation, was an historian, a professor, and a tireless anti-fascist who mentored a new generation of young intellectuals and political activists, such as Piero Gobetti, Ernesto Rossi, and Carlo & Nello Rosselli. After losing his wife and children in the 1908 Messina earthquake, Salvemini began a new family with his second wife, Fernande Dauriac, and her two children, Jean and Ghita. Yet, despite its marked influence on his life and politics, Salvemini’s second family and its involvement with fascism has never been studied before. By exploiting hitherto unused archival sources, The Inimical Son explores an until-now little known dimension of Salvemini's life; it uncovers the personal costs of his anti-fascism, including the tragic embrace of fascism by his stepson, Jean Luchaire.
For Peace in Europe by Marta Petricioli,Donatella Cherubini Pdf
Le processus d'union européenne voit aujourd'hui un point d'arrêt sur le plan politique et institutionnel, malgré les étapes décisives réalisées après la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Il reste en effet à affronter des thèmes et des problèmes qui, pendant l'entre-deux-guerres, animèrent le débat entre les pionniers de l'européanisme. Si, à l'époque, leurs propositions restèrent sans suite, ayant une issue destructrice pour la paix et l'Europe, cet héritage idéal si précieux a permis une continuité et de germer par la suite. Ce livre a pour but de présenter une série d'idées, d'initiatives, de programmes, qui entre les deux guerres entendirent promouvoir le maintien d'un ordre international pacifié, partant du névralgique contexte européen. Il en ressort ainsi un humus significatif et transversal, opposé aux tendances inexorablement prédominantes dans la politique et les institutions, mais aussi dans la société civile. Ses animateurs oeuvrèrent dans les organisations internationales, les partis, les mouvements, les associations de type non seulement politique, de même que dans l'historiographie, la littérature, le théâtre, le cinéma, le sport, signalant les éléments en vue d'une renaissance de la cohabitation pacifique sur le plan européen et international. Despite the decisive steps forward made since the Second World War, the process of European unification has come to a standstill at a political and institutional level. Issues and problems which were already the subject of debate among the pioneers of Europeanism between the two wars have still to be addressed. Although at the time their proposal as a whole went unheeded, with destructive consequences for peace and for Europe, this valuable legacy of ideals has nevertheless guaranteed a continuity and a subsequent blossoming. The purpose of this book is to examine a series of ideas, initiatives and programmes which, between the two World Wars, aimed to promote the maintenance of a pacified international order, starting from the crucial European context. What emerges is a significant and transversal humus, that countered the inexorably prevailing tendencies in politics and institutions, and even in society. Its exponents operated in international organisations, in parties, and in movements and associations not necessarily of a political stamp, as well as in historiography, literature, theatre, cinema and sport, laying the foundations for a rebirth of peaceful co-existence at European and international level.
Towards and Beyond the Italian Republic by Davide Cadeddu Pdf
This book examines the historical process that led to the foundation of the Italian Republic and its constitution, viewed through the personal experiences and political reflections of Adriano Olivetti (between 1919 and 1960), general manager and president of the well-known typewriter manufacturer “Ing. C. Olivetti & C.” An unbroken line of reasoning linked his maturing political reflections during the two post-war periods. The historical context of the 1950s did not prove to be very propitious, but the guidelines dispersed throughout the Italian cultural and political world from the movement that Olivetti founded were certainly seminal – generating a legacy of ideas that has only in part been recognized. What makes this study distinctive is the original approach to reading the history of Italy through Adriano Olivetti’s eyes and thoughts, far from the more common Christian Democratic or Communist perspective of those years. It is simply another view of what the Italian Republic could be and was not.
European Identity and the Second World War by Menno Spiering,Michael Wintle Pdf
The two concepts at the centre of this book: Europe, and the Second World War, are constantly changing in public perception. Now that 'Europe' is an even more contested idea than ever, this volume informs the current discourse on European identity by analysing Europe's reaction to the tragedy, heroism and disgrace of the Second World War.
When democracy is under threat from authoritarianism, models of resistance must come to the fore. Giustizia e Libert, founded by the Italian thinker and activist Carlo Rosselli in 1929, is one intriguing historical example. Operating both in exile and as part of a clandestine network at home, the organization fought against fascism and Nazism, while criticizing Stalinism. To defeat the enemy, the group aimed to go beyond the Marxist notion of class and to assert fresh concepts of nationhood and Europe. The book traces the group's trajectories and debates and follows its legacy to the present. - 'Bresciani's book is a remarkable contribution to the current debate on the distinctive nature of fascism(s)' - CARLO GINZBURG, author of NEVERTHELESS: MACHIAVELLI, PASCAL - 'The story that Bresciani tells with great finesse in this necessary book is the heroic history that accompanied the birth of democracy in Italy' - NADIA URBINATI, author of ME THE PEOPLE - 'Bresciani has given a great gift to fascism's enemies everywhere ... a book of rare intelligence and inspiration' - JOSEPH FRONCZAK, author of EVERYTHING IS POSSIBLE - 'Learning from the Enemy is essential reading for anyone interested in the histories of antifascism, socialism, and liberalism in the twentieth century' - IAIN STEWART, author of RAYMOND ARON AND LIBERAL THOUGHT IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
Women, Antifascism and Mussolini’s Italy by Isabelle Richet Pdf
Marion Cave Rosselli is remembered as the 'perfect companion' of the Italian Antifascist leader Carlo Rosselli, assassinated in Paris in June 1937. But little is known about the young English student fired with revolutionary enthusiasm who moved to Florence in 1919, witnessed the violent march of fascism to power and thereafter became a resolute adversary of the Mussolini dictatorship. Based on a wealth of little-used private and public archives, this biography retraces her journey from a modest home on the outskirts of London to the first underground Antifascist opposition in Italy, from the prison island of Lipari to exile in Paris and the United States. It reveals the social, cultural and existential factors which underpinned her unflinching political engagement alongside her husband. It also highlights the many challenges faced by Antifascist women within a highly patriarchal movement by bringing to life the figure of a woman who challenged the traditional division of labour within the family and struggled to carve a political role for herself. Reconstructing Marion Cave Rosselli's experience in relation to the multiple political, social and cultural worlds she moved in, this book broadens our understanding of the Antifascist movement and offers a richly detailed portrait of a time full of hopes, anxieties and disappointments.
Italian Critics of Capitalism by Lorella Cedroni Pdf
Over the last hundred years the history of capitalism hardly supports the idea of a dynamic equilibrium between democracy and capitalism. The unprecedented triumph of global capitalism and its stronger power of transformation are changing the nature of political community and its institutions, transforming the conditions of democratic politics and governance. The writings collected in this volume present leading statements of theories of democracy and capitalism in Italy starting from Vilfredo Pareto who firstly focused on the transformation of democracy into a plutocracy in which vested interests use the government as a tool for their own profit, until Norberto Bobbio who expressed a strong defence of democracy and a deep critique of capitalism. As Marx, Weber, and Schumpeter-from different perspectives-have pointed out capitalism rather then just an economic mode of organization, is a 'mentality', a 'social logic', a 'form of living', that influences and reshapes political structures, and culture. The globalized economic order is challenging the foundations and political principles upon which liberal democracy is based. Global markets have unleashed economic forces that are becoming too powerful for democratic institutions to control. Even if the formal elements of democracy still survive, the 'government by the people, for the people' is declining; elections, debates, parties, are evacuated, and bypassed by new, less accountable processes.
Fascist Italy and the League of Nations, 1922-1935 by Elisabetta Tollardo Pdf
This book analyses the relationship between Fascist Italy and the League of Nations in the interwar years. By uncovering the traces of those Italians working in the organization, this volume investigates Fascist Italy’s membership of the League, and explores the dynamics between nationalism and internationalism in Geneva. The relationship between Fascist Italy and the League of Nations was contradictory, shifting from active collaboration to open disagreement. Previous literature has not reflected this oscillation in policy, focusing disproportionally on the problems Italy caused for the League, such as the Ethiopian crisis. Yet Fascist Italy remained in the League for more than fifteen years, and was the third largest power within the institution. How did a Fascist dictatorship fit into an organization espousing principles of liberal internationalism? By using archival sources from four countries, Elisabetta Tollardo shows that Fascist Italy was much more concerned with, and involved in, the League than currently believed.
Democracy, Federalism, the European Revolution, and Global Governance by Andrea Bosco Pdf
The European Union is facing today the greatest crisis since its creation. Brexit could mean not only the reversal of its steady enlargement—from 6 to 28 member states—but also the beginning of an inexorable decline leading to its disintegration. However, few today seem to recollect that it was precisely the British who were the first to promulgate the political culture which inspired the European Union’s construction—democracy and federalism—and the first who tried to realise, in June 1940, a European federation on the basis of an Anglo-French union. This volume traces the fundamental stages of the European unification process, placing it in relation to the wider process of world economic and political integration. In particular, it analyses the historical significance of the European Revolution, which is identified in the overcoming of the nation state—namely the modern political formula which institutionalised the political division of mankind—and the birth of the first truly international state. The universal historical significance of the European Revolution lies in its exportability—as for the other great European revolutions—and, therefore, its potential as progressively extensible to all the states of the planet. Europe was indeed the first region of the world where the barriers between national states fell, and a post-national political identity emerged, complementary to national political identities. It is, in fact, in the context of the European Union that democracy beyond the borders of the nation state has first been realized, constituting a guiding principle for global governance.
Ibsen at the Theatrical Crossroads of Europe by Gianina Druta Pdf
While Ibsen's plays were seldom performed in Romania in the first half of the 20th century, historical sources highlight his strong impact on the national theatre practice. To address this contradiction, Gianina Druta approaches the reception of Ibsen in the Romanian theatre in the period 1894-1947, combining Digital Humanities and theatre historiography. This investigation of the European theatre culture and the way in which the foreign acting and staging traditions influenced the Romanian Ibsenites provides new insights into mechanisms of aesthetic transmission. Thus, this study presents a European theatre landscape whose unpredictability and uniqueness cannot be confined to essentialist interpretations.
Author : Walter Lipgens,Wilfried Loth Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG Page : 848 pages File Size : 50,8 Mb Release : 2019-11-05 Category : History ISBN : 9783110907407
Romeo and Juliet in European Culture by Juan F. Cerdá,Dirk Delabastita,Keith Gregor Pdf
With its roots deep in ancient narrative and in various reworkings from the late medieval and early modern period, Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet has left a lasting trace on modern European culture. This volume aims to chart the main outlines of this reception process in the broadest sense by considering not only critical-scholarly responses but also translations, adaptations, performances and various material and digital interventions which have, from the standpoint of their specific local contexts, contributed significantly to the consolidation of Romeo and Juliet as an integral part of Europe’s cultural heritage. Moving freely across Europe’s geography and history, and reflecting an awareness of political and cultural backgrounds, the volume suggests that Shakespeare’s tragedy of youthful love has never ceased to impose itself on us as a way of articulating connections between the local and the European and the global in cases where love and hatred get in each other’s way. The book is concluded by a selective timeline of the play’s different materialisations.