Estimating Causal Effects

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Integrating the Science of Early Childhood Development
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 610 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2000-11-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309069885

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From Neurons to Neighborhoods by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Integrating the Science of Early Childhood Development Pdf

How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.

Author : Barbara Schneider
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Causation
ISBN : UVA:X030203244

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Estimating Causal Effects by Barbara Schneider Pdf

Explains the value of quasi-experimental techniques that can be used to approximate randomized experiments. The goal is to describe the logic of causal inference for researchers and policymakers who are not necessarily trained in experimental and quasi-experimental designs and statistical techniques.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:488652168

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Estimating Causal Effects by Anonim Pdf

Author : Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.)
Publisher : Government Printing Office
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2013-02-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781587634239

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Developing a Protocol for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research: A User's Guide by Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.) Pdf

This User’s Guide is a resource for investigators and stakeholders who develop and review observational comparative effectiveness research protocols. It explains how to (1) identify key considerations and best practices for research design; (2) build a protocol based on these standards and best practices; and (3) judge the adequacy and completeness of a protocol. Eleven chapters cover all aspects of research design, including: developing study objectives, defining and refining study questions, addressing the heterogeneity of treatment effect, characterizing exposure, selecting a comparator, defining and measuring outcomes, and identifying optimal data sources. Checklists of guidance and key considerations for protocols are provided at the end of each chapter. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews. More more information, please consult the Agency website: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov)

Author : Michael Lechner,Friedhelm Pfeiffer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642576157

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Econometric Evaluation of Labour Market Policies by Michael Lechner,Friedhelm Pfeiffer Pdf

Empirical measurement of impacts of active labour market programmes has started to become a central task of economic researchers. New improved econometric methods have been developed that will probably influence future empirical work in various other fields of economics as well. This volume contains a selection of original papers from leading experts, among them James J. Heckman, Noble Prize Winner 2000 in economics, addressing these econometric issues at the theoretical and empirical level. The theoretical part contains papers on tight bounds of average treatment effects, instrumental variables estimators, impact measurement with multiple programme options and statistical profiling. The empirical part provides the reader with econometric evaluations of active labour market programmes in Canada, Germany, France, Italy, Slovak Republic and Sweden.

Author : G. Arminger,Clifford C. Clogg,M.E. Sobel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 603 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781489912923

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Handbook of Statistical Modeling for the Social and Behavioral Sciences by G. Arminger,Clifford C. Clogg,M.E. Sobel Pdf

Contributors thoroughly survey the most important statistical models used in empirical reserch in the social and behavioral sciences. Following a common format, each chapter introduces a model, illustrates the types of problems and data for which the model is best used, provides numerous examples that draw upon familiar models or procedures, and includes material on software that can be used to estimate the models studied. This handbook will aid researchers, methodologists, graduate students, and statisticians to understand and resolve common modeling problems.

Author : Thomas A. DiPrete,Henriette Engelhardt
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:535473077

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Estimating Causal Effects with Matching Methods in the Presence and Absence of Bias Cancellation by Thomas A. DiPrete,Henriette Engelhardt Pdf

Author : Michael Lechner
Publisher : Foundations and Trends(r) in E
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1601984987

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The Estimation of Causal Effects by Difference-in-difference Methods by Michael Lechner Pdf

This monograph presents a brief overview of the literature on the difference-in-difference estimation strategy and discusses major issues mainly using a treatment effect perspective that allows more general considerations than the classical regression formulation that still dominates the applied work.

Author : Paul J. Gertler,Sebastian Martinez,Patrick Premand,Laura B. Rawlings,Christel M. J. Vermeersch
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2016-09-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464807800

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Impact Evaluation in Practice, Second Edition by Paul J. Gertler,Sebastian Martinez,Patrick Premand,Laura B. Rawlings,Christel M. J. Vermeersch Pdf

The second edition of the Impact Evaluation in Practice handbook is a comprehensive and accessible introduction to impact evaluation for policy makers and development practitioners. First published in 2011, it has been used widely across the development and academic communities. The book incorporates real-world examples to present practical guidelines for designing and implementing impact evaluations. Readers will gain an understanding of impact evaluations and the best ways to use them to design evidence-based policies and programs. The updated version covers the newest techniques for evaluating programs and includes state-of-the-art implementation advice, as well as an expanded set of examples and case studies that draw on recent development challenges. It also includes new material on research ethics and partnerships to conduct impact evaluation. The handbook is divided into four sections: Part One discusses what to evaluate and why; Part Two presents the main impact evaluation methods; Part Three addresses how to manage impact evaluations; Part Four reviews impact evaluation sampling and data collection. Case studies illustrate different applications of impact evaluations. The book links to complementary instructional material available online, including an applied case as well as questions and answers. The updated second edition will be a valuable resource for the international development community, universities, and policy makers looking to build better evidence around what works in development.

Author : Guido W. Imbens,Donald B. Rubin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 647 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2015-04-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780521885881

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Causal Inference in Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences by Guido W. Imbens,Donald B. Rubin Pdf

This text presents statistical methods for studying causal effects and discusses how readers can assess such effects in simple randomized experiments.

Author : Steven Durlauf,L. Blume
Publisher : Springer
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2016-06-07
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780230280816

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Microeconometrics by Steven Durlauf,L. Blume Pdf

Specially selected from The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics 2nd edition, each article within this compendium covers the fundamental themes within the discipline and is written by a leading practitioner in the field. A handy reference tool.

Author : Jonas Peters,Dominik Janzing,Bernhard Scholkopf
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2017-11-29
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780262037310

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Elements of Causal Inference by Jonas Peters,Dominik Janzing,Bernhard Scholkopf Pdf

A concise and self-contained introduction to causal inference, increasingly important in data science and machine learning. The mathematization of causality is a relatively recent development, and has become increasingly important in data science and machine learning. This book offers a self-contained and concise introduction to causal models and how to learn them from data. After explaining the need for causal models and discussing some of the principles underlying causal inference, the book teaches readers how to use causal models: how to compute intervention distributions, how to infer causal models from observational and interventional data, and how causal ideas could be exploited for classical machine learning problems. All of these topics are discussed first in terms of two variables and then in the more general multivariate case. The bivariate case turns out to be a particularly hard problem for causal learning because there are no conditional independences as used by classical methods for solving multivariate cases. The authors consider analyzing statistical asymmetries between cause and effect to be highly instructive, and they report on their decade of intensive research into this problem. The book is accessible to readers with a background in machine learning or statistics, and can be used in graduate courses or as a reference for researchers. The text includes code snippets that can be copied and pasted, exercises, and an appendix with a summary of the most important technical concepts.

Author : Tomas Repasky
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1256408935

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Estimating Causal Effects by Utilizing Exogenous Variation to Limit the Self-selection Problem by Tomas Repasky Pdf

Author : Richard J. Murnane,John B. Willett
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2010-09-17
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780199890156

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Methods Matter by Richard J. Murnane,John B. Willett Pdf

Educational policy-makers around the world constantly make decisions about how to use scarce resources to improve the education of children. Unfortunately, their decisions are rarely informed by evidence on the consequences of these initiatives in other settings. Nor are decisions typically accompanied by well-formulated plans to evaluate their causal impacts. As a result, knowledge about what works in different situations has been very slow to accumulate. Over the last several decades, advances in research methodology, administrative record keeping, and statistical software have dramatically increased the potential for researchers to conduct compelling evaluations of the causal impacts of educational interventions, and the number of well-designed studies is growing. Written in clear, concise prose, Methods Matter: Improving Causal Inference in Educational and Social Science Research offers essential guidance for those who evaluate educational policies. Using numerous examples of high-quality studies that have evaluated the causal impacts of important educational interventions, the authors go beyond the simple presentation of new analytical methods to discuss the controversies surrounding each study, and provide heuristic explanations that are also broadly accessible. Murnane and Willett offer strong methodological insights on causal inference, while also examining the consequences of a wide variety of educational policies implemented in the U.S. and abroad. Representing a unique contribution to the literature surrounding educational research, this landmark text will be invaluable for students and researchers in education and public policy, as well as those interested in social science.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Transportation Research Board,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Human-Systems Integration,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on Research Methodologies and Statistical Approaches to Understanding Driver Fatigue Factors in Motor Carrier Safety and Driver Health
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2016-09-12
Category : Transportation
ISBN : 9780309392525

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Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Fatigue, Long-Term Health, and Highway Safety by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Transportation Research Board,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Human-Systems Integration,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on Research Methodologies and Statistical Approaches to Understanding Driver Fatigue Factors in Motor Carrier Safety and Driver Health Pdf

There are approximately 4,000 fatalities in crashes involving trucks and buses in the United States each year. Though estimates are wide-ranging, possibly 10 to 20 percent of these crashes might have involved fatigued drivers. The stresses associated with their particular jobs (irregular schedules, etc.) and the lifestyle that many truck and bus drivers lead, puts them at substantial risk for insufficient sleep and for developing short- and long-term health problems. Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Fatigue, Long-Term Health and Highway Safety assesses the state of knowledge about the relationship of such factors as hours of driving, hours on duty, and periods of rest to the fatigue experienced by truck and bus drivers while driving and the implications for the safe operation of their vehicles. This report evaluates the relationship of these factors to drivers' health over the longer term, and identifies improvements in data and research methods that can lead to better understanding in both areas.