Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction And Economic Benefits From Controlling Ozone Air Pollution

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction Benefits from Decreasing Tropospheric Ozone Exposure
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2008-07-21
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309177856

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Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction and Economic Benefits from Controlling Ozone Air Pollution by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction Benefits from Decreasing Tropospheric Ozone Exposure Pdf

In light of recent evidence on the relationship of ozone to mortality and questions about its implications for benefit analysis, the Environmental Protection Agency asked the National Research Council to establish a committee of experts to evaluate independently the contributions of recent epidemiologic studies to understanding the size of the ozone-mortality effect in the context of benefit analysis. The committee was also asked to assess methods for estimating how much a reduction in short-term exposure to ozone would reduce premature deaths, to assess methods for estimating associated increases in life expectancy, and to assess methods for estimating the monetary value of the reduced risk of premature death and increased life expectancy in the context of health-benefits analysis. Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction and Economic Benefits from Controlling Ozone Air Pollution details the committee's findings and posits several recommendations to address these issues.

Author : National Research Council,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Estimating the Health-Risk-Reduction Benefits of Proposed Air Pollution Regulations
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 187 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2002-10-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309169011

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Estimating the Public Health Benefits of Proposed Air Pollution Regulations by National Research Council,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Estimating the Health-Risk-Reduction Benefits of Proposed Air Pollution Regulations Pdf

EPA estimates that thousands of premature deaths and cases of illnesses may be avoided by reducing air pollution. At the request of Congress, this report reviews the scientific basis of EPA's methods used in estimating the public health benefits from its air pollution regulations.

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2016-06-09
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264257474

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The Economic Consequences of Outdoor Air Pollution by OECD Pdf

This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the economic consequences of outdoor air pollution in the coming decades, focusing on the impacts on mortality, morbidity, and changes in crop yields as caused by high concentrations of pollutants.

Author : National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Energy and Environmental Systems,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Health, Environmental, and Other External Costs and Benefits of Energy Production and Consumption
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 506 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2010-06-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309146401

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Hidden Costs of Energy by National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Energy and Environmental Systems,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Health, Environmental, and Other External Costs and Benefits of Energy Production and Consumption Pdf

Despite the many benefits of energy, most of which are reflected in energy market prices, the production, distribution, and use of energy causes negative effects. Many of these negative effects are not reflected in energy market prices. When market failures like this occur, there may be a case for government interventions in the form of regulations, taxes, fees, tradable permits, or other instruments that will motivate recognition of these external or hidden costs. The Hidden Costs of Energy defines and evaluates key external costs and benefits that are associated with the production, distribution, and use of energy, but are not reflected in market prices. The damage estimates presented are substantial and reflect damages from air pollution associated with electricity generation, motor vehicle transportation, and heat generation. The book also considers other effects not quantified in dollar amounts, such as damages from climate change, effects of some air pollutants such as mercury, and risks to national security. While not a comprehensive guide to policy, this analysis indicates that major initiatives to further reduce other emissions, improve energy efficiency, or shift to a cleaner electricity generating mix could substantially reduce the damages of external effects. A first step in minimizing the adverse consequences of new energy technologies is to better understand these external effects and damages. The Hidden Costs of Energy will therefore be a vital informational tool for government policy makers, scientists, and economists in even the earliest stages of research and development on energy technologies.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 4896 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2019-08-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780444639523

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Encyclopedia of Environmental Health by Anonim Pdf

Encyclopedia of Environmental Health, Second Edition, Six Volume Set presents the newest release in this fundamental reference that updates and broadens the umbrella of environmental health, especially social and environmental health for its readers. There is ongoing revolution in governance, policies and intervention strategies aimed at evolving changes in health disparities, disease burden, trans-boundary transport and health hazards. This new edition reflects these realities, mapping new directions in the field that include how to minimize threats and develop new scientific paradigms that address emerging local, national and global environmental concerns. Represents a one-stop resource for scientifically reliable information on environmental health Fills a critical gap, with information on one of the most rapidly growing scientific fields of our time Provides comparative approaches to environmental health practice and research in different countries and regions of the world Covers issues behind specific questions and describes the best available scientific methods for environmental risk assessment

Author : Michael A. Livermore,Richard L. Revesz
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2013-01-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199324118

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The Globalization of Cost-Benefit Analysis in Environmental Policy by Michael A. Livermore,Richard L. Revesz Pdf

Cost-benefit analysis -- the formal estimating and weighing of the costs and benefits of policy alternatives -- is a standard tool for governments in advanced economies. Through decades of research and innovation, institutions have developed in the United States, European Union, and other developed countries that examine and weigh policy alternatives as an aid to governmental decisionmaking. Lawmakers in the advanced economies have used cost-benefit analysis to evaluate core environmental and public health questions, such as urban air pollution control, water quality, and occupational safety. Yet despite its broad adoption in the industrialized world, most developing and emerging countries have not yet incorporated cost-benefit analysis into their policymaking process. Because these countries face significant limitations on financial resources and have less ability to shoulder inefficient rules, it is extremely important for their officials to determine which policies maximize net benefits for their societies. The Globalization of Cost-Benefit Analysis in Environmental Policy examines how cost-benefit analysis can help developing and emerging countries confront the next generation of environmental and public-health challenges. Analysis in the book examines the growing reach of cost-benefit analysis; presents relevant case studies where cost-benefit analysis has been incorporated in the Americas, Africa, Middle East, and Asia; and includes a discussion on the conceptual and institutional issues that must be addressed when adopting cost-benefit analysis in developing and emerging countries. In part because governments in developing and emerging countries have not extensively used cost-benefit analysis, there has been only limited research and discussion of the practice and its potential. Most work that has been done is on the domestic or regional level, and has not been widely shared or distributed within the international academic or policy community. By providing both theoretical and practical discussion of this important new tool, this book makes a valuable contribution to the fields of environmental policy, development studies, and environmental law.

Author : Jessica Lincoln-Oswalt
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Air
ISBN : 1614707243

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Better Air by Jessica Lincoln-Oswalt Pdf

The authorities and responsibilities of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) derive primarily from a dozen major environmental statutes. This book provides a concise summary of one of those statutes, the Clean Air Act. It provides a brief history of federal involvement in air quality regulation and of the provisions added by legislation in 1970, 1977 and 1990. It also explains major authorities contained in the Act as well as key terms and references for more detailed information on the Act and its implementation.

Author : A. M. Gowers,B. G. Miller,J. R. Stedman,Public Health England. Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards
Publisher : Gwasg y Bwthyn
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0859517535

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Estimating Local Mortality Burdens Associated with Particulate Air Pollution by A. M. Gowers,B. G. Miller,J. R. Stedman,Public Health England. Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Air Quality Management in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 427 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2004-09-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309089326

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Air Quality Management in the United States by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Air Quality Management in the United States Pdf

Managing the nation's air quality is a complex undertaking, involving tens of thousands of people in regulating thousands of pollution sources. The authors identify what has worked and what has not, and they offer wide-ranging recommendations for setting future priorities, making difficult choices, and increasing innovation. This new book explores how to better integrate scientific advances and new technologies into the air quality management system. The volume reviews the three-decade history of governmental efforts toward cleaner air, discussing how air quality standards are set and results measured, the design and implementation of control strategies, regulatory processes and procedures, special issues with mobile pollution sources, and more. The book looks at efforts to spur social and behavioral changes that affect air quality, the effectiveness of market-based instruments for air quality regulation, and many other aspects of the issue. Rich in technical detail, this book will be of interest to all those engaged in air quality management: scientists, engineers, industrial managers, law makers, regulators, health officials, clean-air advocates, and concerned citizens.

Author : Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson,Angela Brammer,Christopher Davidson,Tiina Folley,Frederic Launay,Jens Thomsen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2013-02-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789400759251

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Environmental Burden of Disease Assessment by Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson,Angela Brammer,Christopher Davidson,Tiina Folley,Frederic Launay,Jens Thomsen Pdf

This publication characterizes the environmental burden of disease in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), measured by the excess number of deaths and illnesses in the population due to exposure to environmental hazards. The robust methods used in this risk analysis can be applied to any country or region. This publication documents the systematic, multi-step process used to identify environmental priorities and the detailed methods used to quantify the disease burden attributable to each risk. Based on the results of the burden of disease assessment, the publication summarizes the subsequent steps that are recommended to further reduce the burden of disease resulting from various environmental risk factors.​ Authors and Contributors This book represents the synthesis of research carried out by a large, interdisciplinary team from several institutions and multiple nations between June 2008 and June 2011.The lead authors are responsible for weaving together the pieces prepared by the team.Nonetheless, this book would not have been possible without major contributions from each team member.The list below shows contributors to each chapter.Following this list are biographies of all of the authors and contributors. Lead Authors Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson, Frederic J. P. Launay, Jens T. W. Thomsen, Angela Brammer, Christopher Davidson Additional Contributors (by Chapter) Chapter 2: Prioritizing Environmental Risks to Health Henry H. Willis, Aimee Curtright, Gary Cecchine, Zeinab S. Farah,Sandra A. Geschwind, Jianhui Hu, Ying Li, Melinda Moore, Sarah Olmstead, Hanine Salem, Regina A. Shih, J. Jason West Chapter 3: Assessing the Environmental Burden of Disease:Method Overview Tiina Folley, Elizabeth S. Harder, Mejs Hasan Chapter 4: Burden of Disease from Outdoor Air Pollution Ying Li, Gavino Puggioni, Prahlad Jat, Mejs Hasan, Marc Serre, Kenneth G. Sexton, J. Jason West, Saravanan Arunachalam, Uma Shankar, William Vizuete, Mohammed Zuber Farooqui Chapter 5: Burden of Disease from Indoor Air Pollution Chris B. Trent Chapter 6: Burden of Disease from Occupational Exposures Tiina Folley, Leena A. Nylander-French Chapter 7: Burden of Disease from Climate Change Richard N. L. Andrews, Leslie Chinery, Elizabeth S. Harder, J. Jason West Chapter 8: Burden of Disease from Drinking Water Contamination Gregory W. Characklis, Joseph N. LoBuglio Chapter 9: Burden of Disease from Coastal Water Pollution Gregory W. Characklis, Leigh-Anne H. Krometis, Joseph N. LoBuglio Chapter 10: Burden of Disease from Soil and Groundwater Contamination Chidsanuphong Chart-asa, Stephanie Soucheray-Grell Chapter 11: Burden of Disease from Produce and Seafood Contamination Leigh-Anne H. Krometis, Leslie Chinery

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 143 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-02-02
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264130807

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Mortality Risk Valuation in Environment, Health and Transport Policies by OECD Pdf

The book presents a major meta-analysis of 'value of a statistical life' (VSL) estimates derived from surveys where people around the world have been asked about their willingness to pay for small reduction in mortality risks.

Author : Ian W.H. Parry,Mr.Dirk Heine,Eliza Lis,Shanjun Li
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2014-07-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484388570

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Getting Energy Prices Right by Ian W.H. Parry,Mr.Dirk Heine,Eliza Lis,Shanjun Li Pdf

Energy taxes can produce substantial environmental and revenue benefits and are an important component of countries’ fiscal systems. Although the principle that these taxes should reflect global warming, air pollution, road congestion, and other adverse environmental impacts of energy use is well established, there has been little previous work providing guidance on how countries can put this principle into practice. This book develops a practical methodology, and associated tools, to show how the major environmental damages from energy can be quantified for different countries and used to design the efficient set of energy taxes.

Author : Allen V. Kneese
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015008659198

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Measuring the Benefits of Clean Air and Water by Allen V. Kneese Pdf

This book examines the current state of the art regarding benefits assessment, including such tools as bidding games, surveys, property-value studies, wage differentials, risk reduction evaluation, and mortality and morbidity cost estimation. It is based on research, sponsored by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, related to the quantitative estimation of benefits derived from the maintenance or improvement of air and water quality. Part I is a presentation of basic concepts and methods which underlie the case studies in Parts II and III. Areas addressed include benefit-cost analysis (the technique of policy analysis that, under Executive Order 12291, must be applied to all major federal regulatory actions), the concept of economic benefits, links between actions affecting the environment and their effects on humans (and why an understanding of those links is important for benefits estimation), and problems of assigning economic values to cleaner air and water. Part II presents case studies dealing with urban air pollution. Part III presents case studies dealing with rural and regional air and water pollution and discusses benefit estimation related to acid rain, groundwater contamination, and visibility in national parks. Parts IV and V contain concluding remarks, and a bibliography and index. (JN)

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Clean Air and Nuclear Safety
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Alcohol as fuel
ISBN : STANFORD:36105050687123

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Oversight by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Clean Air and Nuclear Safety Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 660 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2013-05
Category : Delegated legislation
ISBN : UCR:31210024841528

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Federal Register by Anonim Pdf