Evidence And Interpretation In Studies On Early Science And Medicine
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Evidence and Interpretation in Studies on Early Science and Medicine by Edith Sylla,William R. Newman Pdf
Containing sixteen essays and a substantial introduction by noted historians of premodern science, this book provides a fresh look at divergent yet complementary traditions of interpreting the natural world, ranging from Greek mechanics to early modern Chinese theories of dragons.
The century after the conquests of Timur witnessed the division of eastern and western Iran between his Turko-Mongol successors, and a flowering of Persian culture in the great cities of Herat, Samarqand and Tabriz, among others. In this, the ninth volume in The Idea of Iran series, leading scholars analyse the ways that Timurid contemporaries viewed their traditions and their environment, asking questions such as: what was the view of outsiders, and how does modern scholarship define the distinctive aspects of the period? Essential reading for scholars, students, and all those interested in the history of Iran, the book considers the political, religious and cultural history of this rich and highly productive interval that was the springboard for the formation of new imperial Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal and Ozbek orders of succeeding centuries.
The Necessity of Nature by Mónica García-Salmones Rovira Pdf
To understand our current world crises, it is essential to study the origins of the systems and institutions we now take for granted. This book takes a novel approach to charting intellectual, scientific, and philosophical histories alongside the development of the international legal order by studying the philosophy and theology of the Scientific Revolution and its impact on European natural law, political liberalism, and political economy. Starting from analysis of the work of Thomas Hobbes, Robert Boyle and John Locke on natural law, the author incorporates a holistic approach that encompasses global matters beyond the foundational matters of treaties and diplomacy. The monograph promotes a sustainable transformation of international law in the context of related philosophy, history, and theology. Tackling issues such as nature, money, necessities, human nature, secularism, and epistemology which underlie natural lawyers' thinking, Dr García-Salmones explains their enduring relevance for international legal studies today.
Historiography of the History of Science in Islamicate Societies by Sonja Brentjes Pdf
This book presents eight papers about important historiographical issues as debated in the history of science in Islamicate societies, the history of science and philosophy of medieval Latin Europe and the history of mathematics as an academic discipline. Six papers deal with themes about the sciences in Islamicate societies from the ninth to the seventeenth centuries, among them novelty, context and decline. Two other papers discuss the historiographical practices of historians of mathematics and other disciplines in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The central argument of the collected papers is that in addition and beyond the study of scientific texts and instruments historians of science in Islamicate societies need to pay attention to cultural, material and social aspects that shaped the scientific activities of the authors and makers of such texts and instruments. It is pointed out that the diachronic, de-contextualized comparison between methods and results of scholars from different centuries, regions and cultures often leads to serious distortions of the historical record and is responsible for the long-term neglect of scholarly activities after the so-called "Golden Age". The book will appeal in particular to teachers of history of science in Islamicate societies, to graduate students interested in issues of methodology and to historians of science grappling with the unresolved problems of how think and write about the sciences in concrete societies of the past instead of subsuming all extant texts, instruments, maps and other objects related to the sciences under macro-level concepts like Islam or Latin Europe. (CS 1114).
Treasures of Knowledge: An Inventory of the Ottoman Palace Library (1502/3-1503/4) (2 vols) by Gülru Necipoğlu,Cemal Kafadar,Cornell H. Fleischer Pdf
The subject of this two-volume publication is an inventory of manuscripts in the book treasury of the Topkapı Palace in Istanbul, commissioned by the Ottoman sultan Bayezid II from his royal librarian ʿAtufi in the year 908 (1502–3) and transcribed in a clean copy in 909 (1503–4). This unicum inventory preserved in the Oriental Collection of the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Könyvtára Keleti Gyűjtemény, MS Török F. 59) records over 5,000 volumes, and more than 7,000 titles, on virtually every branch of human erudition at the time. The Ottoman palace library housed an unmatched encyclopedic collection of learning and literature; hence, the publication of this unique inventory opens a larger conversation about Ottoman and Islamic intellectual/cultural history. The very creation of such a systematically ordered inventory of books raises broad questions about knowledge production and practices of collecting, readership, librarianship, and the arts of the book at the dawn of the sixteenth century. The first volume contains twenty-eight interpretative essays on this fascinating document, authored by a team of scholars from diverse disciplines, including Islamic and Ottoman history, history of science, arts of the book and codicology, agriculture, medicine, astrology, astronomy, occultism, mathematics, philosophy, theology, law, mysticism, political thought, ethics, literature (Arabic, Persian, Turkish/Turkic), philology, and epistolary. Following the first three essays by the editors on implications of the library inventory as a whole, the other essays focus on particular fields of knowledge under which books are catalogued in MS Török F. 59, each accompanied by annotated lists of entries. The second volume presents a transliteration of the Arabic manuscript, which also features an Ottoman Turkish preface on method, together with a reduced-scale facsimile.
International Handbook of Interpretation in Educational Research by Paul Smeyers,David Bridges,Nicholas C. Burbules,Morwenna Griffiths Pdf
This handbook focuses on the often neglected dimension of interpretation in educational research. It argues that all educational research is in some sense ‘interpretive’, and that understanding this issue belies some usual dualisms of thought and practice, such as the sharp dichotomy between ‘qualitative’ and ‘quantitative’ research. Interpretation extends from the very framing of the research task, through the sources which constitute the data, the process of their recording, representation and analysis, to the way in which the research is finally or provisionally presented. The thesis of the handbook is that interpretation cuts across the fields (both philosophically, organizationally and methodologically). By covering a comprehensive range of research approaches and methodologies, the handbook gives (early career) researchers what they need to know in order to decide what particular methods can offer for various educational research contexts/fields. An extensive overview includes concrete examples of different kinds of research (not limited for example to ‘teaching’ and ‘learning’ examples as present in the Anglo-Saxon tradition, but including as well what in the German Continental tradition is labelled ‘pädagogisch’, examples from child rearing and other contexts of non-formal education) with full description and explanation of why these were chosen in particular circumstances and reflection on the wisdom or otherwise of the choice – combined in each case with consideration of the role of interpretation in the process. The handbook includes examples of a large number of methods traditionally classified as qualitative, interpretive and quantitative used across the area of the study of education. Examples are drawn from across the globe, thus exemplifying the different ‘opportunities and constraints’ that educational research has to confront in different societies.
Horoscopes and Public Spheres by Günther Oestmann,H. Darrel Rutkin,Kocku von Stuckrad Pdf
North American and European scholars examine formal approaches to such features of poetry as rhyme, alliteration, and meter, investigating such questions as what rules govern formal elements of poetic language in particular traditions or poets, which line types do poets never produce and why, and why certain metrical patterns sound better than others. English, Greek, Japanese, Somali, and Russian are among the languages explored. Annotation :2006 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
Essentials of Internal Medicine - eBook by Nicholas J. Talley,Simon O’Connor,Brad Frankum Pdf
Written by Nicholas J Talley, Simon O’Connor and Brad Frankum, this engaging and instructive text provides practical pathways to diagnosis and up-to-date strategies for implementing evidence-based treatments for prevalent conditions. Learn how to: identify what is clinically important understand and investigate disease create an effective strategy for treatment use technological diagnostic tools. This new edition of Essentials of Internal Medicine 4e describes established and trusted diagnostic techniques to equip students and trainees with the skills to succeed in their profession. The visually dynamic text offers a framework of knowledge covering core facts and addressing difficult-to-master topics such as: holistic approach to patient treatment the importance of diagnosis the physician's role in public health the physician as scholar. Contributions from expert clinicians leading the advancement of medicine globally Need-to-know ‘clinical pearls’ throughout each chapter Memory jog lists and tables Multiple choice questions with end-of-chapter answers and extensive explanations Enhanced eBook version included with purchase
Evidence-Based Research by Brown, Brian,Crawford, Paul,Hicks, Carolyn Pdf
* Why is the philosophy of science important for health care research?* What impact do world-views and paradigms have on the research process and the knowledge it generates?* Why do some kinds of concepts get replaced by others?
Essentials of Internal Medicine 3e by Nicholas J Talley,Brad Frankum,David Currow Pdf
Building on established diagnostic techniques, Essentials of Internal Medicine 3e presents a modern approach to internal medicine, equipping the reader with the skills to become an effective internist. This text presents practical approaches to diagnosis and up to date strategies for implementing evidence-based treatments for prevalent conditions. Learn how to: Identify what is clinically important Understand and investigate disease Create an effective strategy for treatment Utilize technological diagnostic tools now available Color illustrations to enhance recognition and learning Clinical pearls Memory jog lists and tables Multiple choice questions with answers and explanations Content has been organized around themes of: Holistic approach to patient treatment The importance of diagnosis The physician’s role in public health The physician as scholar
The Historiography of Contemporary Science, Technology, and Medicine by Ronald E. Doel,Thomas Söderqvist Pdf
As historians of science increasingly turn to work on recent (post 1945) science, the historiographical and methodological problems associated with the history of contemporary science are debated with growing frequency and urgency. Bringing together authorities on the history, historiography and methodology of recent and contemporary science, this book reviews the problems facing historians of technology, contemporary science and medicine, and explores new ways forward. With contributions from key researchers in the field, the text covers topics that will be of ever increasing interest to historians of post-war science, including the difficulties of accessing and using secret archival material, the interactions between archivists, historians and scientists, and the politics of evidence and historical accounts.
The Integrity of Criminal Process by Jill Hunter,Paul Roberts,Simon N M Young,David Dixon Pdf
Criminal proceedings, it is often now said, ought to be conducted with integrity. But what, exactly, does it mean for criminal process to have, or to lack, 'integrity'? Is integrity in this sense merely an aspirational normative ideal, with possibly diffuse influence on conceptions of professional responsibility? Or is it also a juridical concept with robust institutional purchase and enforceable practical consequences in criminal litigation? The 16 new essays contained in this collection, written by prominent legal scholars and criminologists from Australia, Hong Kong, the UK and the USA, engage systematically with - and seek to generate further debate about - the theoretical and practical significance of 'integrity' at all stages of the criminal process. Reflecting the flexibility and scope of a putative 'integrity principle', the essays range widely over many of the most hotly contested issues in contemporary criminal justice theory, policy and practice, including: the ethics of police investigations, charging practice and discretionary enforcement; prosecutorial independence, policy and operational decision-making; plea bargaining; the perils of witness coaching and accomplice testimony; expert evidence; doctrines of admissibility and abuse of process; lay participation in criminal adjudication; the role of remorse in criminal trials; the ethics of appellate judgment writing; innocence projects; and state compensation for miscarriages of justice.