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Author : David Bigman,Teizo Taya
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105037466336
Author : University Paul Krugman
Publisher : MIT Press (MA)
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2014-05-13
Category : Foreign exchange
ISBN : 0262277697
In an intriguing synthesis of current theories of international finance, trade, and industrial organization, Paul Krugman presents a provocative analysis of the extraordinary volatility of exchange rates in the 1980s.Krugman focuses on imperfect integration of the world economy, showing how this has become both a cause and effect of exchange rate instability. He outlines the costs and benefits of recent flexible-exchange rate policies and offers fresh insight into why the models that worked in the first half of the 1980s don't work in the growing uncertainty of the latter half. Krugman's analysis is succinct and accessible, with technical appendixes that offer powerful backing to his ideas."Exchange Rate Instability "contains a surprising reevaluation of the author's own work on exchange rates. Krugman questions the need for further devaluation of the dollar, arguing that uncertainty - rather than the lack of cost-competitiveness explains the failure of current policies to reduce the United States trade deficit. He proposes an eventual return to fixed exchange rates.Paul R. Krugman is Professor of Economics at MIT "Exchange Rate Instability "inaugurates the Lionel Robbins Lectures series.
Author : Mr.Robert A. Mundell
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 58 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1991-04-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781451977769
This paper investigates the role of exchange rates in balance of payments theories. It explores the sixteen approaches to the balance of payments, the concept of an “equilibrium” trade balance and sequential “stages” of the current account. It examines fiscal and demographic influences on the U.S. deficit. The final section considers the breakdown of the international monetary system after World Wars I and II; an evaluation of alternative proposals to correct the defects of the system; and an examination of the extent to which deficits of reserve countries have their origins in systemic problems.
Author : David Bigman,Teizo Taya
Publisher : Beard Books
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2003-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1587981297
Analyzes developments in the international monetary system since 1973, with anew added epilogue.
Author : James A. Dorn,William A. Niskanen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789401712880
The essays in this volume are timelyand provocative. They address the key issues of the changing world economy and consider the implications ofthe erosion ofthe rule oflaw that has occurred both domestically and internationally to an increasing degree over the past halfcentury. The debates over the role of the dollar in the international econ omy, the future shape ofthe international monetary system and the exchange rate regime, the significance ofthe U.S. twin deficits, and the rise of nontariffbarriers to world trade deserve serious attention. Atthe bottom ofthese debates lie differing conceptions ofeconomic policy and the role of government in a free society. Adam Smith's vision ofa limited democracy operating to protect persons and prop erty has been increasinglyreplaced by a vision ofapaternalistic state that is designed to protect special interests at the expense of the larger society. Many of the contributors to this volume point to the lack oflong-run rules designed to promote sound money, fiscal integ rity, and open markets asthe fundamental flawofmodern democratic governments. Although the authors disagree on the specific rules to adopt, the consensus is that a constitutional perspective is needed to ensure astable worldorder. Moreover, since such aperspective must bedeveloped at home before it can spread among nations, the search for optimal international policy coordination is generally seen as misguided. Many ofthe essays in this volume were initially presented at the Cato Institute's Sixth Annual Monetary Conference held in Wash ington, D.C., February 25-26, 1988.
Author : Xin Li,Dianqing Xu
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2016-02-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789814723978
' Since 2005, China has been accused of causing the trade deficit and manipulating the exchange rate. At the same time, there have been arguments against the RMB appreciation. The reason for this conflict is the lack of quantitative research or elaboration on many extremely important indicators. To correctly describe the industrial chain and value-added process around the world, it is necessary to identify data by using new methods and separating the processing trade from the non-processing trade based on the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) data. This book establishes a Global Multi-department Computable General Equilibrium (GMCGE) model based on the continuous global input-output database. It focuses on the Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model that constructs a consistent interaction mechanism within the economic system and fully reflects the general equilibrium characteristics and thus tries to avoid the limitations of the partial equilibrium model. It shows how the GMCGE framework can distinguish the processing trade from non-processing trade in the input-output data, and at the same time ensure the endogenous equilibrium of the social accounting matrix (SAM) after distinction. Contents:Overestimated Trade SurplusOn Trade Surplus From Property RightsInterpreting the Economic Scale of ChinaForeign Trade Dependence and Trade Weighted MethodThe Standard in Judging the Exchange RateStabilizing the Currency and Manipulating the Exchange RateOrigin and Development of the High Saving RateComputable General Equilibrium Model for Exchange Rate ResearchEffect of the Exchange Rate on EmploymentThe Impact of the Exchange Rate Adjustment on Import and ExportRange and Path of RMB AppreciationEconomic Sanctions and Free TradeThe Debate is Far From Over Readership: Academics, undergraduate and graduate students, professionals interested in China''s economic development, trade surplus and RMB appreciation. Keywords:Trade Surplus;Exchange Rate;Value-Added Trade;CGE Model'
Author : Emmanuel Erem
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 61 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2019-03-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783668903920
Master's Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Economics - International Economic Relations, grade: A, National University of Ireland, Maynooth (Department of Economics, Finance and Accounting), course: MSc Economic and Financial Risk Analysis, language: English, abstract: The purpose of this thesis is to examine the effect of real exchange rate volatility between the Canadian and US dollars on real exports from Canada to US. The study uses quarterly data from 1960-2017. The GARCH (1, 1) is used to model exchange rate volatility. After finding the variables are non-stationary with no co-integration, a VAR (Vector Auto regression) model is used to investigate the short-run relationship in the variables using Granger causality, impulse response functions and variance decomposition estimates. The results reveal that the effect of exchange rate volatility is of mixed signs with coefficients that are not statistically significant. The thesis is divided into 7 chapters; chapter 2 gives an overview of important literature and contributions by researchers over the years specifically covering the relationship between exchange rate volatility and trade, exchange rate regimes, exchange rate target zones and inflation targeting. Chapter 3 presents the model and data used, definitions of the variables and the predictions of the model. Chapter 4 gives a theoretical and econometric overview of the unit root and co-integration tests. Chapter 5 gives the data output of the empirical results and discussions of test results. This output is presented using graphs and tables. Chapter 6 is a presentation of the limitations of the model and possible areas of improvement. Lastly, chapter 7 concludes and gives policy recommendations moving forward. Exchange rates are a key player in any economy that is engaging in international trade. A stable monetary policy system and financial sector play a key role in ensuring the exchange rate stability of the currency of a country. Firms and traders rely on prevailing exchange rates to forecast amounts to produce, import and export; thus are very much affected by the exchange rate volatility. In addition to this, there is a currency conversion cost in international trade. Traders use a number of products in financial markets to hedge against currency fluctuations; these include among others forwards contracts. This is especially true for short-term hedging than long-term hedging.
Author : Mr.S. Nuri Erbas,Mr.Zubair Iqbal
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1997-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781451927900
Import and export stability is examined under two alternative nominal exchange rate anchors, the U.S. dollar and the SDR. Stability under the two pegs depends critically on import and export elasticity with respect to exchange rates. The implications of import and export elasticity for an optimal currency basket are also explored. The elasticity estimates for the GCC countries suggest that the SDR peg may not outperform the dollar peg in improving external stability. Nevertheless, switching to some other nominal exchange rate anchor may improve external stability, a possibility that remains to be explored.
Author : Mr.Daniel Leigh,Weicheng Lian,Marcos Poplawski-Ribeiro,Rachel Szymanski,Viktor Tsyrennikov,Hong Yang
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2017-03-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781475587494
We examine the stability and strength of the relationship between exchange rates and trade over time using three alternative approaches, mitigating the endogeneity of the relation. We find that both exchange rate pass-through and the price elasticity of trade volumes are largely stable over time. Economic slack and financial conditions affect the relationship, but there is limited evidence that participation in global value chains has significantly changed the exchange rate–trade relationship over time.
Author : Helmut W. Mayer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Debts, External
ISBN : UCSD:31822005103940
Author : Richard P. Mattione
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Foreign exchange
ISBN : UCSD:31822005104062
Author : Marcy L. Ferrington
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1600213197
Currencies are often the targets of speculators and the sometimes reflections and engines of a country's prosperity. They affect consumption rates, political stability and industrial success. Exchange rates are carefully set and endlessly analysed and changed. This book presents leading contemporary issues related to currencies and globalisation.
Author : Ms.Isabelle Mejean,Mr.Pau Rabanal,Mr.Damiano Sandri
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 31 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2011-03-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781455218967
A reduction in the U.S. current account deficit vis-à-vis emerging Asia involves a shift in demand from U.S. to emerging Asia tradable goods and a change in international relative prices. This paper quantifies the required adjustment in the terms of trade and real exchange rates in a three-country open economy model of the U.S., China, and other emerging Asia. We compare scenarios where both Chinese and other emerging Asian export prices change by the same proportion to the case where export prices remain constant in one country and increase in the other. Our results are robust to different assumptions about elasticities of substitution and to introducing a high degree of vertical fragmentation in production in the model.
Author : Warner Max Corden
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780198774099
In an outstanding account of exchange rates inthe international monetary system, W. Max Corden considers the essential issues in international macroeconomics.The author takes as his model the macroeconomic situation of a country with an open economy, and explains the effects of domestic fiscal and monetary macroeconomic policy on exchange rates. He clearly analyses the choices faced by governments attempting to manage both the domestic inflation rateand the external exchange rate and current account balance. Professor Corden then discusses the European Exchange Rate mechanism, and provides a sceptical analysis of the possibilities for monetary union in Europe, and for international policy coordination in general. He gives equal weight todiscussion of the present US-centred international monetary system outside the ERM, and combines theoretical models with an account of the actual determination of floating exchange rates. Although the book itself is orientated towards monetary rather than trade issues, the author discusses twotopical issues: the role of protectionist policies, and the idea of competitiveness. Finally, he looks at the future of the international monetary system and the series of current reform proposals.Students will find this book useful because the author covers essential issues lucidly and authoritatively. The exposition is entirely non-mathematical. Postgraduate students and academics will be interested since Corden is a distinguished writer on international trade and policy, and hisarguments are powerfully presented.New to this edition:This is a revised and expanded edition of a previous book by Corden, Inflation, Exchange Rates and the World Economy, the third edition of which was published in 1985. In this new book, Professor Corden has fully rewritten the text, but retains the discursive, informal, reader-friendly style ofthe earlier editions. In this new edition, Professor Corden has included two new chapters which extend the treatment of macroeconomic policy, separating it into its fiscal and monetary branches. He also includes a new chapter on the role of the current account balance in determining macroeconomicpolicy. The author has brought his account of the present international monetary context up to date - characterised as the non-system - and has included a new analysis of European monetary issues, incorporating a review of the progress of the EMS towards full monetary union. The book also containsa provocative discussion of two highly topical issues: trade protection, and competitiveness, including both new theoretical analysis and such events as the recent GATT agreement.
Author : Mr.Plamen K Iossifov,Xuan Fei
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 38 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2019-06-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781498322829
There is an ongoing debate in the literature on whether global trade flows have become disconnected from the large real effective exchange rate movements in the wake of the global financial crisis. The question has important policy implications for the role of exchange rates in supporting growth and restoring external balance. In this paper, we use Turkey---a large and open emerging market economy that has experienced sizable swings of the real effective exchange rate---as a case study to test competing hypotheses. Our results lend support to the finding in existing cross-country studies that the real effective exchange rate remains an important determinant of trade flows. But, its effect is not symmetric in secular periods of appreciation and depreciation and is, oftentimes, dwarfed by the impact on trade flows of the income growth differential between trade partners.