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Author : Ruthard Jacob
Publisher : Steinkopff
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2013-12-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783662414682
Author : Naranjan S. Dhalla,Grant N. Pierce,Vincenzo Panagia,Robert E. Beamish
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 549 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461312376
Heart Hypertrophy and Failure brings together leading basic scientists and clinicians, presenting improved knowledge of the pathophysiology and treatment of the condition. The result is a synthesis of state-of-the-art information on molecular biology, cellular physiology and structure-function relationships in the cardiovascular system in health and disease. The papers presented describe fundamental mechanisms underlying changes in the cellular machinery during the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Audience: Students, scientists, clinical and experimental cardiologists who seek to understand and manage the perplexing problems of hypertrophy and heart failure.
Author : International Erwin Riesch Symposium
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:245627656
Author : Nobuakira Takeda,Makoto Nagano,Naranjan S. Dhalla
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 469 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461544234
Whenever the heart is challenged with an increased work load for a prolonged period, it responds by increasing its muscle mass--a phenomenon known as cardiac hypertrophy. Although cardiac hypertrophy is commonly seen under physiological conditions such as development and exercise, a wide variety of pathological situa tions such as hypertension (pressure overload), valvular defects (volume overload), myocardial infarction (muscle loss), and cardiomyopathy (muscle disease) are also known to result in cardiac hypertrophy. Various hormones such as catecholamines, thyroid hormones, angiotensin II, endothelin, and growth factors have also been shown to induce cardiac hypertrophy. Although the exact mechanisms underlying or pathological forrns of cardiac hypertrophy are poorly under the physiological stood, an increase in the intraventricular pressure is believed to represent the major stimulus for the development of cardiac hypertrophy. In this regard, stretching of the cardiac muscle has been shown to induce the hypertrophic response, but the role of metabolic influences in this process cannot be ruled out. Furthermore, different hormones and other interventions in the absence of stretch have been observed to stimulate protein synthesis in both isolated cardiomyocyte and vascular myocyte preparations. Nonetheless, it is becoming dear that receptor as well as phospholipid linked signal transduction pathways are activated in some specific manner depend ing upon the initial hypertrophic stimulus, and these then result in an increase in the size and mass of cardiomyocytes.
Author : Pawan K. Singal,Ian M.C. Dixon,Lorrie A. Kirshenbaum,Naranjan S. Dhalla
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 545 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781441992628
According to the World Health Report (2000 http:/ /www. who. int/whr), of the 55 million deaths worldwide in 1999, more than 16 million were secondary to car diovascular complications. With the prospect of world population increasing from the current level of 6 billion to 9 billion by the middle of this century, the burden of cardiac disease is going to increase astronomically. Furthermore, scientists are being challenged not only to reduce mortality, but also to improve quality of life. Thus, more than ever, intellectuals from different disciplines including biology, sociology, informatics and health care have to join forces to meet the mandate. The World Heart Congress with a focus on "Frontiers in Cardiovascular Health" held in Winnipeg during July 6-11, 2001, made a unique attempt to bring these specialists together to brainstorm and map out the course of action for cardiovascular research and health in the next century. Anytime there is a relative increase in the workload on the heart, there are adap tive myocardial as well as humoral responses. When these adaptations or remodel ing at the organ, subcellular or gene level, become inadequate for a proper tissue perfusion, the condition of heart failure ensues. Prevention of the factors leading to the relative increase in workload as well as a better understanding of the adap tive responses and their failure are some of the hopes to combat the morbidity and mortality due to heart failure.
Author : J. Holtz,Helmut Drexler,Hansjörg Just
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642724770
Traditionally, cardiac hypertrophy is regarded as an adaptation of the heart to permanent mechanical overload. Regardless of the fact that many different and often unknown primary causes can result in heart failure, mechanical overload and myocardial hypertrophy is found in almost all forms of manifest chronic heart failure (apart from failure due to extramyocardial hindrances to inflow or to relaxation). However, the reactive enlargement of myocardial mass in response to an enhanced hemodynamic burden appears to be a double-edged sword. Obviously, the hypertrophy helps to reduce the enhanced ventricular wall stress in heart failure by adding contractile units to the overdistended chamber wall. However, in recent years it became clear that this adaptive hypertrophic process is rather complex and may include problematic facets. The adaptive hypertrophy includes proliferation of the nonmyocyte cardiac cells as well as substantial alterations in the phenotype of the growing myocytes due to differential changes in gene expression.
Author : R.A. Altschuld,R.A. Haworth
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 379 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1998-09-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0080877184
Heart failure continues to be a major public health problem in the United States with close to half a million new cases diagnosed each year. Moreover, deaths from heart failure are on the increase, in part because of advances in the treatment of other fatal diseases, and in part from the prevalence of lifestyles indifferent to the risk factors for heart disease. This is not to say that no progress has been made in the treatment of heart failure. While for many years treatment was confined to the management of the symptoms, in recent years with the advent of ACE inhibitor and ß blacker therapies, real improvements in cardiac function and life expectancy have been achieved (Volume 4B, Leier). On a more basic level, enormous advances have been made in describing many of the changes in structure and function of the heart and the parallel neurohumoral and circulatory adaptations that occur during the onset of failure. These advances have been made not only by using various animal models of heart failure, but also using fresh failing human heart tissue, which has become readily available for experimental investigation since the advent of cardiac transplantation. Understanding the significance of many of these changes that occur during the transition to failure and the role they play in the etiology of failure is, however, a much more difficult task. These are exciting times in heart failure research. It is as though many of the pieces of the jigsaw puzzle are available but the puzzle has yet to be assembled. The objective of these volumes is to bring together some advances that have been made in recent years in defining one aspect of the failing heart, that is, the role of altered metabolism, in order to facilitate assembly of the puzzle.
Author : Rainer W. G? lch Gerolf Kissling
Publisher : Steinkopff
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2013-11-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783662307694
Author : Richard A. Walsh
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 812 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2005-11-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780203503249
This title reviews current knowledge of the mechanisms contributing to heart failure. Editor Richard Walsh and an internationally renowned team of contributors discuss key advances in molecular and cell biology, biochemistry, and pharmacology, focusing on advances that have a direct bearing on current clinical studies. It highlights developments across a broad range of disciplines, with in-depth coverage of each topic providing background and perspective on current literature. By setting new advances in a broader context, this text allows readers to compare different ideas and evaluate their importance in their own areas of research or clinical practice.
Author : Naranjan S. Dhalla,Larry Hryshko,Elissavet Kardami,Pawan K. Singal
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 508 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461503477
Cellular signaling in cardiac muscle refers to the myriad of stimuli and responses that direct and control the physiological operation of this organ. Our understand ing of these complex signaling cascades has increased dramatically over the past few decades with the advent of molecular tools for their dissection. Moreover, this infor mation is beginning to provide tangible targets towards manipulating cardiac func tion in the setting of cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms and factors that regulate cardiac cell growth are of particular interest as both adaptive and maladaptive responses can occur during cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy describes the increase in individual cardiac myocyte size that is accomplished through the series and/or parallel addition of sarcomeres. The ability of cardiac muscle to increase in size through hyperplasia becomes highly restricted or negligible shortly after birth. Consequently, the increase in heart size associated with development and growth of an individual occurs through hypertrophy. In response to a chronic increase in workload, cardiac muscle cells can dramatically increase in size to face their increasing contractile demands. While this plasticity is clearly a ben eficial response under many conditions, it can be highly deleterious and inappropri ate under others. For example, cardiac hypertrophy associated with endurance exercise clearly enhances athletic performance. In contrast, the hypertrophy associated with chronic hypertension, stenotic or regurgitant heart valves, or following a myocardial infarction often continues far beyond the period where this adaptive response is ben eficial.
Author : Bernard Swynghedauw
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 718 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Cardiac arrest
ISBN : NWU:35558002422190
Cardiac insufficiency, a major cause of premature mortality, is a key focus of medical and pharmaceutical research. This book aims to bring clinicians and researchers up-to-date on recent biophysical, cellular physiological and molecular biological developments and their clinical applications.
Author : Hai-Gang Zhang,Ya Liu,Xiongwen Chen
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2021-06-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889669097
Author : Naranjan S. Dhalla,Pawan K. Singal,Robert E. Beamish
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1987-02-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0898388643
It is indeed ironical that in the absence of a complete knowledge of Pathophysiology, clinical cardiologists are left with no choice but to do the best they can to help the patient with the armamentarium of drugs at their disposal. But nothing could be further from truth than to treat the diagnosed end point of a disease process without a full understanding of its patho physiology. This point was eloquently made by Dr. Arnold Katz in his Presidential Address (Chapter 1) at the 8th Annual Meeting of the American Section of the International Society for Heart Research held in Winnipeg, Canada, July 8-11, 1986. This volume represents a part of the scientific proceedings of this Meeting. From a reading of this treatise it will become evident that discoveries of newer scientific facts as well as a better understanding of pathophysiology are continuously influencing/ improving our therapeutic approaches in modern medicine. In this book, latest biochemical, physiological and pharmacological findings on different experimental models such as Myocaridal hypertrophy, Hypertension and heart failure, Diabetes, Cardio myopathies and Cardiac function in shock are described by internationally recognised experts. Hopefully information presented here will provide another building block to the edifice of Science of Cardiology which we all are trying to create. Acknowledgements We are grateful to the following Agencies and Foundations for their generous financial support of the Symposium, which formed the basis of this book. A. Major Contributors: 1. Manitoba Heart Foundation 2. Sterling-Winthrop Research Institute 3. Squibb Canada, Inc.
Author : Pallab K. Ganguly
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1991-07-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0849358108
A concise, in-depth analysis of the status of the sympathetic system in heart diseases This book summarizes the functional status of the sympathetic neural system in cardiological diseased states and highlights aspects of sympathetic neural activity that are important to an overall understanding of the pathophysiology process. Critical reviews of methods for evaluating sympathetic activity are discussed, existing data is closely scrutinized, and attempts are made to delineate the factors derived from increased sympathetic activity. The book provides a physiologically and clinically based approach to the investigation of the involvement of catecholamines in cardiovascular diseases, which makes it a valuable addition to the reference collections of researchers, clinical scientists, and graduate students.
Author : Gary D. Lopaschuk,Naranjan S. Dhalla
Publisher : Springer
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2014-08-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781493912278
The heart has a very high energy demand but very little energy reserves. In order to sustain contractile function, the heart has to continually produce a large amount of ATP. The heart utilizes free fatty acids mainly and carbohydrates to some extent as substrates for making energy and any change in this energy supply can seriously compromise cardiac function. It has emerged that alterations in cardiac energy metabolism are a major contributor to the development of a number of different forms of heart disease. It is also now known that optimizing energy metabolism in the heart is a viable and important approach to treating various forms of heart disease. Cardiac Energy Metabolism in Health and Disease describes the research advances that have been made in understanding what controls cardiac energy metabolism at molecular, transcriptional and physiological levels. It also describes how alterations in energy metabolism contribute to the development of heart dysfunction and how optimization of energy metabolism can be used to treat heart disease. The topics covered include a discussion of the effects of myocardial ischemia, diabetes, obesity, hypertrophy, heart failure, and genetic disorders of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism on cardiac energetics. The treatment of heart disease by optimizing energy metabolism is also discussed, which includes increasing overall energy production as well as increasing the efficiency of energy production and switching energy substrate preference of the heart. This book will be a valuable source of information to graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and investigators in the field of experimental cardiology as well as biochemists, physiologists, pharmacologists, cardiologists, cardiovascular surgeons and other health professionals.