Experimentation In The Sciences

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The Uses of Experiment

Author : David Gooding,Trevor Pinch,Simon Schaffer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 506 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1989-05-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0521331854

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The Uses of Experiment by David Gooding,Trevor Pinch,Simon Schaffer Pdf

Experiment is widely regarded as the most distinctive feature of natural science and essential to the way scientists find out about the world. Yet there has been little study of the way scientists actually make and use experiments. The Uses of Experiment fills this gap in our knowledge about how science is practised. Presenting 14 original case studies of important and often famous experiments, the book asks the questions: What tools do experimenters use? How do scientists argue from experiments? What happens when an experiment is challenged? How do scientists check that their experiments are working? Are there differences between experiments in the physical sciences and technology? Leading scholars in the fields of history, sociology and philosophy of science consider topics such as the interaction of experiment; instruments and theory; accuracy and reliability as hallmarks of experiment in science and technology; realising new phenomena; the believability of experiments and the sort of knowledge they produce; and the wider contexts on which experimentalists draw to develop and win support for their work. Drawing on examples as diverse as Galilean mechanics, Victorian experiments on electricity, experiments on cloud formation, and testing of nuclear missiles, a new view of experiment emerges. This view emphasises that experiments always involve choice, tactics and strategy in persuading audiences that Nature resembles the picture experimenters create.

Designing Experiments for the Social Sciences

Author : Renita Coleman
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2018-08-27
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781506377315

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Designing Experiments for the Social Sciences by Renita Coleman Pdf

"This book is a must for learning about the experimental design–from forming a research question to interpreting the results this text covers it all." –Sarah El Sayed, University of Texas at Arlington Designing Experiments for the Social Sciences: How to Plan, Create, and Execute Research Using Experiments is a practical, applied text for courses in experimental design. The text assumes that students have just a basic knowledge of the scientific method, and no statistics background is required. With its focus on how to effectively design experiments, rather than how to analyze them, the book concentrates on the stage where researchers are making decisions about procedural aspects of the experiment before interventions and treatments are given. Renita Coleman walks readers step-by-step on how to plan and execute experiments from the beginning by discussing choosing and collecting a sample, creating the stimuli and questionnaire, doing a manipulation check or pre-test, analyzing the data, and understanding and interpreting the results. Guidelines for deciding which elements are best used in the creation of a particular kind of experiment are also given. This title offers rich pedagogy, ethical considerations, and examples pertinent to all social science disciplines.

Design of Experiments for Engineers and Scientists

Author : Jiju Antony
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2023-06-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780443151743

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Design of Experiments for Engineers and Scientists by Jiju Antony Pdf

This third edition of Design of Experiments for Engineers and Scientists adds to the tried and trusted tools that were successful in so many engineering organizations with new coverage of design of experiments (DoE) in the service sector. Case studies are updated throughout, and new ones are added on dentistry, higher education, and utilities. Although many books have been written on DoE for statisticians, this book overcomes the challenges a wider audience faces in using statistics by using easy-to-read graphical tools. Readers will find the concepts in this book both familiar and easy to understand, and users will soon be able to apply them in their work or research. This classic book is essential reading for engineers and scientists from all disciplines tackling all kinds of product and process quality problems and will be an ideal resource for students of this topic. Written in nonstatistical language, the book is an essential and accessible text for scientists and engineers who want to learn how to use DoE Explains why teaching DoE techniques in the improvement phase of Six Sigma is an important part of problem-solving methodology New edition includes two new chapters on DoE for services as well as case studies illustrating its wider application in the service industry

The Really Useful Book of Secondary Science Experiments

Author : Tracy-ann Aston
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2017-07-31
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781351270144

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The Really Useful Book of Secondary Science Experiments by Tracy-ann Aston Pdf

How can a potato be a battery? How quickly will a shark find you? What food should you take with you when climbing a mountain? The Really Useful Book of Secondary Science Experiments presents 101 exciting, ‘real-world’ science experiments that can be confidently carried out by any KS3 science teacher in a secondary school classroom. It offers a mix of classic experiments together with fresh ideas for investigations designed to engage students, help them see the relevance of science in their own lives and develop a passion for carrying out practical investigations. Covering biology, chemistry and physics topics, each investigation is structured as a problem-solving activity, asking engaging questions such as, ‘How can fingerprints help solve a crime?’, or ‘Can we build our own volcano?’ Background science knowledge is given for each experiment, together with learning objectives, a list of materials needed, safety and technical considerations, detailed method, ideas for data collection, advice on how to adapt the investigations for different groups of students, useful questions to ask the students and suggestions for homework. Additionally, there are ten ideas for science based projects that can be carried out over a longer period of time, utilising skills and knowledge that students will develop as they carrying out the different science investigations in the book. The Really Useful Book of Secondary Science Experiments will be an essential source of support and inspiration for all those teaching in the secondary school classroom, running science clubs and for parents looking to challenge and excite their children at home.

The Uses of Experiment

Author : David Gooding,Trevor Pinch,Simon Schaffer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1989-05-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521337682

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The Uses of Experiment by David Gooding,Trevor Pinch,Simon Schaffer Pdf

Renowned scholars in history, sociology, philosophy and anthropology consider seventeenth and twentieth century weapon testing, particle physics, biology and other topics in an account of important and often famous experiments.

The Book of Potentially Catastrophic Science

Author : Sean Connolly
Publisher : Workman Publishing Company
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2017-03-07
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9780761189862

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The Book of Potentially Catastrophic Science by Sean Connolly Pdf

It’s never been more important to engage a child's scientific curiosity, and Sean Connolly knows just how to do it—with lively, hands-on, seemingly "dangerous" experiments that pop, ooze, crash, and teach! Now, the author of The Book of Totally Irresponsible Science, takes it one step further: He leads kids through the history of science, and then creates amazing yet simple experiments that demonstrate key scientific principles. Tame fire just like a Neanderthal with the Fahrenheit 451 experiment. Round up all your friends and track the spread of "disease" using body glitter with an experiment inspired by Edward Jenner, the vaccination pioneer who's credited with saving more lives than any other person in history. Rediscover the wheel and axle with the ancient Sumerians, and perform an astounding experiment demonstrating the theory of angular momentum. Build a simple telescope—just like Galileo's—and find the four moons he discovered orbiting Jupiter (an act that helped land him in prison). Take a less potentially catastrophic approach to electricity than Ben Franklin did with the Lightning Mouth experiment. Re-create the Hadron Collider in a microwave with marshmallows, calculator, and a ruler—it won't jeopardize Earth with a simulated Big Bang, but will demonstrate the speed of light. And it's tasty! By letting kids stand on the shoulders of Aristotle, Newton, Einstein, the Wright brothers, Marie Curie, Darwin, Watson and Crick, and more, The Book of Potentially Catastrophic Science is an uncommonly engaging guide to science, and the great stories of the men and women behind the science.

Laboratory Experiments in the Social Sciences

Author : Murray Webster,Jane Sell
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 576 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2007-07-03
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0080546145

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Laboratory Experiments in the Social Sciences by Murray Webster,Jane Sell Pdf

Laboratory Experiments in the Social Sciences is the only book providing core information for researchers about the ways and means to conduct experiments. Its comprehensive regard for laboratory experiments encompasses “how-to explanations, investigations of philosophies and ethics, explorations of experiments in specific social science disciplines, and summaries of both the history and future of social science laboratories. No other book offers such a direct avenue to enlarging our knowledge in the social sciences. This collection of original chapters combines instructions and advice about the design of laboratory experiments in the social sciences with the array of other issues. While there are books on experimental design and chapters in more general methods books on design, theory, and ethical issues, no other book attempts to discuss the fundamental ideas of the philosophy of science or lays out the methods comprehensively or in such detail. Experimentation has recently prospered because of increasing interest in cross-disciplinary syntheses, and this book of advice, guidelines, and observations underline its potential and increasing importance. · Provides a comprehensive summary of issues in social science experimentation, from ethics to design, management, and financing · Offers "how-to" explanations of the problems and challenges faced by everyone involved in social science experiments · Pays attention to both practical problems and to theoretical and philosophical arguments · Defines commonalities and distinctions within and among experimental situations across the social sciences

Concepts of Biology

Author : Samantha Fowler,Rebecca Roush,James Wise
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 618 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2018-01-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9888407457

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Concepts of Biology by Samantha Fowler,Rebecca Roush,James Wise Pdf

Concepts of Biology is designed for the single-semester introduction to biology course for non-science majors, which for many students is their only college-level science course. As such, this course represents an important opportunity for students to develop the necessary knowledge, tools, and skills to make informed decisions as they continue with their lives. Rather than being mired down with facts and vocabulary, the typical non-science major student needs information presented in a way that is easy to read and understand. Even more importantly, the content should be meaningful. Students do much better when they understand why biology is relevant to their everyday lives. For these reasons, Concepts of Biology is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand.We also strive to show the interconnectedness of topics within this extremely broad discipline. In order to meet the needs of today's instructors and students, we maintain the overall organization and coverage found in most syllabi for this course. A strength of Concepts of Biology is that instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Concepts of Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand--and apply--key concepts.

Science Experiments

Author : H. J. Press
Publisher : Sterling Publishing Company
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 1402749902

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Science Experiments by H. J. Press Pdf

"More than 300 entertaining, educational, and easy-to-do projects."--Cover

Dad's Book of Awesome Science Experiments

Author : Mike Adamick
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2014-03-18
Category : Family & Relationships
ISBN : 9781440570780

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Dad's Book of Awesome Science Experiments by Mike Adamick Pdf

The science behind, "But, why?" Don't get caught off guard by your kids' science questions! You and your family can learn all about the ins and outs of chemistry, biology, physics, the human body, and our planet with Dad's Book of Awesome Science Experiments. From Rock Candy Crystals to Magnetic Fields, each of these fun science projects features easy-to-understand instructions that can be carried out by even the youngest of lab partners, as well as awesome, full-color photographs that guide you through each step. Complete with 30 interactive experiments and explanations for how and why they work, this book will inspire your family to explore the science behind: Chemistry, with Soap Clouds Biology, with Hole-y Walls Physics, with Straw Balloon Rocket Blasters Planet Earth, with Acid Rain The Human Body, with Marshmallow Pulse Keepers Best of all, every single one of these projects can be tossed together with items around the house or with inexpensive supplies from the grocery store. Whether your kid wants to create his or her own Mount Vesuvius or discover why leaves change colors in the fall, Dad's Book of Awesome Science Experiments will bring out the mad scientists in your family--in no time!

Reproducibility and Replicability in Science

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Engineering, Medicine, and Public Policy,Board on Research Data and Information,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Reproducibility and Replicability in Science
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309486163

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Reproducibility and Replicability in Science by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Engineering, Medicine, and Public Policy,Board on Research Data and Information,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Reproducibility and Replicability in Science Pdf

One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.

101 Great Science Experiments

Author : Neil Ardley
Publisher : National Geographic Books
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2014-12-15
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781465428264

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101 Great Science Experiments by Neil Ardley Pdf

Forget about mad scientists and messy laboratories! This incredible, interactive guide for children showcases 101 absolutely awesome experiments you can do at home. Find out how to make a rainbow, build a buzzer, see sound, construct a circuit, bend light, play with shadows, measure the wind, weigh air, and create an underwater volcano. The astonishing variety of experiments are all very easy and entirely safe, with step-by-step text and everyday ingredients. Biology, chemistry, and physics are brought to life, showing budding young scientists that science is all around us all the time. As you have fun trying out experiments with friends and family, core scientific principles are presented in the most memorable way. With chapters covering important topics such as color, magnets, light, senses, electricity, and motion, the laws of science are introduced in crystal-clear text alongside specially commissioned full-color photography for children to understand. Follow in the footsteps of Albert Einstein, Marie Curie, and all the other great minds with 101 Great Science Experiments and learn the secrets of science you’ll never forget.

Experimental Thinking

Author : Jamie Druckman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2022-05-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781108845939

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Experimental Thinking by Jamie Druckman Pdf

Novel collection of essays addressing contemporary trends in political science from a broad spectrum of interdisciplinary scholars.

Innocent Experiments

Author : Rebecca Onion
Publisher : UNC Press Books
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2016-10-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781469629483

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Innocent Experiments by Rebecca Onion Pdf

From the 1950s to the digital age, Americans have pushed their children to live science-minded lives, cementing scientific discovery and youthful curiosity as inseparable ideals. In this multifaceted work, historian Rebecca Onion examines the rise of informal children's science education in the twentieth century, from the proliferation of home chemistry sets after World War I to the century-long boom in child-centered science museums. Onion looks at how the United States has increasingly focused its energies over the last century into producing young scientists outside of the classroom. She shows that although Americans profess to believe that success in the sciences is synonymous with good citizenship, this idea is deeply complicated in an era when scientific data is hotly contested and many Americans have a conflicted view of science itself. These contradictions, Onion explains, can be understood by examining the histories of popular science and the development of ideas about American childhood. She shows how the idealized concept of "science" has moved through the public consciousness and how the drive to make child scientists has deeply influenced American culture.

Subjected to Science

Author : Susan E. Lederer
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1997-11-07
Category : History
ISBN : 0801857090

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Subjected to Science by Susan E. Lederer Pdf

Susan Lederer provides the first full-length history of early biomedical research with human subjects. Lederer offers detailed accounts of experiments conducted on both healthy and unhealthy men, women, and children, during the period from 1890 to 1940, including yellow fever experiments, Udo Wile's "dental drill" experiments on insane patients, and Hideyo Noguchi's syphilis experiments.