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Expertise and juvenile violence by Veerle Massin Pdf
L'expert, agissant au coeur ou à la lisière du système institutionnel de protection de la jeunesse, peut être celui qui recueille et met en forme l'expression de la violence juvénile. De ce fait, il contribue à l’extension de sa définition.
Institute of Medicine,National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Law and Justice,Panel on Juvenile Crime: Prevention, Treatment, and Control
Author : Institute of Medicine,National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Law and Justice,Panel on Juvenile Crime: Prevention, Treatment, and Control Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 405 pages File Size : 47,8 Mb Release : 2001-06-05 Category : Law ISBN : 9780309172356
Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice by Institute of Medicine,National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Law and Justice,Panel on Juvenile Crime: Prevention, Treatment, and Control Pdf
Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.
Violences juvéniles sous expertise(s) XIXe-XXIe siècles Expertise and Juvenile Violence 19th-21st Century by Aurore François,Veerle Massin,David Niget Pdf
Expertise has played an essential role in the historical construction of juvenile violence as a social problem. The expert, who is situated at the centre and periphery of the child protection system, gathers the expression of violence and gives it form. In so doing, he/she contributes to a more complex definition of violence: from physical to psychic violence, and even to symbolic violence. Since the 19th century, experts have moved beyond making simple diagnoses and entered the field of treatment of violence, joining others in the practice of care and rehabilitation. Physicians, psychiatrists, psychologists, pedagogues, sociologists and anthropologists have addressed the question of youth at risk, helping to define a target population for public policies.
Youth Violence in Context by Eileen M. Ahlin,Maria João Lobo Antunes Pdf
This book places youth violence within a Routine Activity Ecological Framework. Youth violence, specifically youth exposure to community violence and youth perpetration of violent behaviors, occur within various contexts. Ahlin and Antunes situate their discussion of youth violence within an ecological framework, identifying how it is nested within four mesosystem layers: community, family, peers and schools, and youth characteristics. Contextualized using an ecological framework, the Routine Activity Theory and Lifestyles perspective (RAT/LS) are well suited to guide an examination of youth violence risk and protective factors across the four layers. Drawing on scholarship that explores predictors and consequences of youth violence, the authors apply RAT/LS theory to explain how community, family, peers, schools, and youth characteristics influence youth behavior. Each layer of the ecological framework unfolds to reveal the latest scholarship and contextualizes how concepts of RAT/LS, specifically the motivated offender, target suitability, and guardianship, can be applied at each level. This book also highlights the mechanisms and processes that contribute to youth exposure to and involvement in violence by exploring factors examined in the literature as protective and risk factors of youth violence. Youth violence occurs in context, and, as such, the understanding of multilevel predictors and preventive measures against it can be situated within an RAT/LS ecological framework. This work links theory to extant research. Ahlin and Antunes demonstrate how knowledge of youth violence can be used to develop a robust theoretical foundation that can inform policy to improve neighborhoods and youth experiences within their communities, families, and peers and within their schools while acknowledging the importance of individual characteristics. This monograph is essential reading for those interested in youth violence, juvenile delinquency, and juvenile justice research and anyone dedicated to preventing crime among youths.
The United States has seen rapid proliferation of youth gangs since 1980. During this period, the number of cities with gang problems increased from an estimated 286 jurisdictions with more than 2,000 gangs and nearly 100,000 gang members in 1980 (Miller, 1992) to about 4,800 jurisdictions with more than 31,000 gangs and approximately 846,000 gang members in 1996(Moore and Terrett, in press). An 11-city survey of eighth graders found that 9 percent were currently gang members, and 17 percent said they had belonged to a gang at some point in their lives (Esbensen and Osgood, 1997).Other studies reported comparable percentages and also showed that gang members were responsible for a large proportion of violent offenses. In the Rochester site of the OJJDP-funded Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency, gang members (30 percent of the sample) self-reported committing 68 percent of all violent offenses (Thornberry, 1998). In the Denver site, adolescent gang members (14 percent of the sample) self-reported committing 89 percent of all serious violent offenses (Huizinga, 1997). In another study, supported by OJJDP and several other agenciesand organizations, adolescent gang members in Seattle (15 percent of the sample) self-reported involvement in 85 percent of robberies committed by the entire sample (Battin et al., 1998).This Bulletin reviews data and research to consolidate available knowledge on youth gangs that are involved in criminal activity. Following a historical perspective, demographic information ispresented. The scope of the problem is assessed, including gang problems in juvenile detention and correctional facilities. Several issues are then addressed by reviewing gang studies to provide aclearer understanding of youth gang problems.An extensive list of references is provided for further review.
Risk Assessment for Juvenile Violent Offending by Anna Costanza Baldry,Andreas Kapardis Pdf
This volume is the result of an EU project involving two different European countries (Italy and Cyprus) on risk and needs assessment for juvenile violent offenders. The book is based on a longitudinal data base of juveniles who have committed violent crimes and who have been followed up after six months to measure their recidivism rate. The aim of this book is to provide practitioners who are dealing with juvenile (violent) offenders, with scientifically-based theories and knowledge derived from results about risk assessment. In particular it shows how a newly developed and tested instrument/approach, the EARN (European Assessment of Risk and Needs) works and how it can be used to help practitioners. Recidivism of violence in juveniles is based on several risk factors and is reduced on the basis of protective factors. Efficient legal intervention and treatment are more and more tailored according to the risk factors but also to the needs of juveniles. Juvenile Justice Systems in Europe tend to approach the juvenile who has committed a crime not only from a sanction point of view but more as an opportunity for the juvenile, his or her family and the social context in general, to reduce the risk of recidivism. This book will be of interest to researchers, students, social workers, police officers and lawyers.
United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security Publisher : Unknown Page : 164 pages File Size : 53,7 Mb Release : 2009 Category : Social Science ISBN : PURD:32754081192407
Lisa A. Rapp-Paglicci,Albert R. Roberts,John S. Wodarski
Author : Lisa A. Rapp-Paglicci,Albert R. Roberts,John S. Wodarski Publisher : John Wiley & Sons Page : 482 pages File Size : 45,7 Mb Release : 2002-07-17 Category : Political Science ISBN : 9780471214441
Handbook of Violence by Lisa A. Rapp-Paglicci,Albert R. Roberts,John S. Wodarski Pdf
A multidisciplinary team of experts examines violence from a resilience perspective Violence knows no boundaries. It attacks in schools, in families, and even in the workforce-places that should be regarded as safe havens. Encompassing the enormity of violence through a comprehensive, biopsychosocial perspective, Handbook of Violence examines community, school, family, and workplace violence, including identification, classification, prevention, and interview programs and case management. Written by the leading authorities in their fields, this groundbreaking compilation: * Reviews how children and adolescents from violent homes are detrimentally affected in multiple ways, including short- and long-term consequences that seriously impair their psychological, social, educational, and physical development * Explores issues related to the occurrence of domestic violence in African-American families, presenting an array of theoretical formulations that may prove useful to practitioners who must service both victims and perpetrators * Examines the prevalence of female juvenile delinquency and reviews the literature from a sociological and practice perspective * Focuses on the current trends and issues surrounding youth gang violence,discussing identification, classification, and prediction as they relate to gang violence as well as effective prevention and intervention * Addresses the identification, classification, and prediction of school violence among middle-school and high-school youth * Covers the broad range of cases that are classified as "workplace violence," examining the differences in definition and analyzing the bases for the growing prevalence of incidents Topics include: * Violence within families through the life span * Adolescent dating violence * Assessing violent behavior * Domestic violence in Latino cultures * Conduct disorder and substance abuse * Youth gang violence * School violence * Preventing workplace violence * Domestic violence in the workplace * And much more
Oversight Hearing on the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. Subcommittee on Human Resources Pdf
Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders by James C. Howell Pdf
The result is a comprehensive approach to preventing, treating, and controlling serious juvenile criminal behavior. Thorough analysis of strategy implementation complements discussion of core issues such as controlling delinquency, developing early and intensive intervention programs, risk assessment, and classification tools.
Author : Barry C. Feld,Donna M. Bishop Publisher : OUP USA Page : 955 pages File Size : 49,8 Mb Release : 2012-01-12 Category : Law ISBN : 9780195385106
The Oxford Handbook of Juvenile Crime and Juvenile Justice by Barry C. Feld,Donna M. Bishop Pdf
State-of-the-art critical reviews of recent scholarship on the causes of juvenile delinquency, juvenile justice system responses, and public policies to prevent and reduce youth crime are brought together in a single volume authored by leading scholars and researchers in neuropsychology, developmental and social psychology, sociology, history, criminology/criminal justice, and law.
