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Author : J. L. Anderson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1995-09-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0521557844
A concise and accessible examination of the established models used to explain long-term and large-scale economic change.
Author : Richard R. Nelson
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1985-10-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0674041437
This book contains the most sustained and serious attack on mainstream, neoclassical economics in more than forty years. Nelson and Winter focus their critique on the basic question of how firms and industries change overtime. They marshal significant objections to the fundamental neoclassical assumptions of profit maximization and market equilibrium, which they find ineffective in the analysis of technological innovation and the dynamics of competition among firms. To replace these assumptions, they borrow from biology the concept of natural selection to construct a precise and detailed evolutionary theory of business behavior. They grant that films are motivated by profit and engage in search for ways of improving profits, but they do not consider them to be profit maximizing. Likewise, they emphasize the tendency for the more profitable firms to drive the less profitable ones out of business, but they do not focus their analysis on hypothetical states of industry equilibrium. The results of their new paradigm and analytical framework are impressive. Not only have they been able to develop more coherent and powerful models of competitive firm dynamics under conditions of growth and technological change, but their approach is compatible with findings in psychology and other social sciences. Finally, their work has important implications for welfare economics and for government policy toward industry.
Author : Debin Ma,Jan Luiten van Zanden
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2011-06-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780804777612
Recently, a growing body of work on "law and finance" and "legal origins" has highlighted the role of formal legal institutions in shaping financial institutions. However, these writings have focused largely on Europe, neglecting important non-Western traditions that prevail in a large part of the world. Law and Long-Term Economic Change brings together a group of leading scholars from economics, economic history, law, and area studies to develop a unique, global and, long-term perspective on the linkage between law and economic change. Covering the regions of Western Europe, East and South Asia, and the Middle East, the chapters explore major themes regarding the nature and evolution of different legal regimes; their relationship with the state or organized religion; the definition and interpretation of ownership and property rights; the functioning of courts, and other mechanisms for dispute resolution and contract enforcement; and the complex dynamics of legal transplantations through processes such as colonization. The text makes clear that the development of legal traditions and institutions—as embodiments of cultural values and norms—exerts a strong effect on long-term economic change. And it demonstrates that a good understanding of legal origins around the world enriches any debate about Great Divergence in the early modern era, as well as development and underdevelopment in 19th-20th century Eurasia.
Author : Matthew Bishop
Publisher : Bloomberg Press
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2004-05-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1861975805
Author : Tim Jackson
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2016-12-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317388227
What can prosperity possibly mean in a world of environmental and social limits? The publication of Prosperity without Growth was a landmark in the sustainability debate. Tim Jackson’s piercing challenge to conventional economics openly questioned the most highly prized goal of politicians and economists alike: the continued pursuit of exponential economic growth. Its findings provoked controversy, inspired debate and led to a new wave of research building on its arguments and conclusions. This substantially revised and re-written edition updates those arguments and considerably expands upon them. Jackson demonstrates that building a ‘post-growth’ economy is a precise, definable and meaningful task. Starting from clear first principles, he sets out the dimensions of that task: the nature of enterprise; the quality of our working lives; the structure of investment; and the role of the money supply. He shows how the economy of tomorrow may be transformed in ways that protect employment, facilitate social investment, reduce inequality and deliver both ecological and financial stability. Seven years after it was first published, Prosperity without Growth is no longer a radical narrative whispered by a marginal fringe, but an essential vision of social progress in a post-crisis world. Fulfilling that vision is simply the most urgent task of our times.
Author : International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2014-08-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781475566987
This chapter discusses various past and future aspects of the global economy. There has been a huge transformation of the global economy in the last several years. Articles on the future of energy in the global economy by Jeffrey Ball and on measuring inequality by Jonathan Ostry and Andrew Berg are also illustrated. Since the 2008 global crisis, global economists must change the way they look at the world.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on International Trade, Investment, and Monetary Policy
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Dollar, American
ISBN : PURD:32754066835236
Author : Michael D. Bordo,Athanasios Orphanides
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 545 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226066950
Controlling inflation is among the most important objectives of economic policy. By maintaining price stability, policy makers are able to reduce uncertainty, improve price-monitoring mechanisms, and facilitate more efficient planning and allocation of resources, thereby raising productivity. This volume focuses on understanding the causes of the Great Inflation of the 1970s and ’80s, which saw rising inflation in many nations, and which propelled interest rates across the developing world into the double digits. In the decades since, the immediate cause of the period’s rise in inflation has been the subject of considerable debate. Among the areas of contention are the role of monetary policy in driving inflation and the implications this had both for policy design and for evaluating the performance of those who set the policy. Here, contributors map monetary policy from the 1960s to the present, shedding light on the ways in which the lessons of the Great Inflation were absorbed and applied to today’s global and increasingly complex economic environment.
Author : Stephen Broadberry,Mark Harrison
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2005-09-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9781139448352
This unique volume offers a definitive new history of European economies at war from 1914 to 1918. It studies how European economies mobilised for war, how existing economic institutions stood up under the strain, how economic development influenced outcomes and how wartime experience influenced post-war economic growth. Leading international experts provide the first systematic comparison of economies at war between 1914 and 1918 based on the best available data for Britain, Germany, France, Russia, the USA, Italy, Turkey, Austria-Hungary and the Netherlands. The editors' overview draws some stark lessons about the role of economic development, the importance of markets and the damage done by nationalism and protectionism. A companion volume to the acclaimed The Economics of World War II, this is a major contribution to our understanding of total war.
Author : Anna Sosnowska
Publisher : Central European University Press
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2019-06-12
Category : History
ISBN : 9789637326318
This monograph is about an exciting episode in the intellectual history of Europe: the vigorous debate among leading Polish historians on the sources of the economic development and non-development, including the origins of economic divisions within Europe. The work covers nearly fifty years of this debate between the publication of two pivotal works in 1947 and 1994. Anna Sosnowska provides an insightful interpretation of how local and generational experience shaped the notions of post-1945 Polish historians about Eastern European backwardness, and how their debate influenced Western historical sociology, social theories of development and dependency in peripheral areas, and the image of Eastern Europe in Western, Marxist-inspired social science. Although created under the adverse conditions of state socialism and censorship, this body of scholarship had an important repercussion in international social science of the post-war period, contributing an emphasis on international comparisons, as well as a stress on social theory and explanations. Sosnowska's analysis also helps to understand current differences that lead to conflicts between Europe’s richest and economically most developed core and its southern and eastern peripheries. The historians she studies also investigated analogies between paths in Eastern Europe and regions of West Africa, Latin America and East Asia.
Author : Morten Jerven
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2014-03-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780191004193
How do we measure African economic performance? This volume studies how growth is measured in Botswana, Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia and challenges commonly held beliefs of African economic performance. The volume offers a reconsideration of economic growth in Africa in three respects. First, it shows that the focus has been on average economic growth and that there has been no failure of economic growth. In particular the gains made in the 1960s and 1970s have been neglected. Second, it emphasizes that for many countries the decline in economic growth in the 1980s was overstated, as was the improvement in economic growth in the 1990s. The coverage of economic activities in GDP measures is incomplete. In the 1980s many economic activities were increasingly missed in the official records thus the decline in the 1980s was overestimated (resulting from declining coverage) and the increase in the 1990s was overestimated (resulting from increasing coverage). The third important reconsideration is that there is no clear association between economic growth and orthodox economic policies. This is counter to the mainstream interpretation, and suggests that the importance of sound economic policies has been overstated, and that the importance of the external economic conditions have been understated in the prevailing explanation of African economic performance.
Author : Ulrich Witt,Andreas Chai
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 411 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2018-11-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107136205
Shows how thinking in evolutionary terms enhances our understanding of the economic and social change taking place at all levels.
Author : David Lim
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1996-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1782543791
The author presents a new analytical framework for explaining the different growth performances of developing countries, allowing for a series of policy-oriented conclusions. The book is aimed at both undergraduate and postgraduate level.
Author : Sangyup Choi,Mr.Prakash Loungani
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 26 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2015-02-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781498356305
We study the role of uncertainty shocks in explaining unemployment dynamics, separating out the role of aggregate and sectoral channels. Using S&P500 data from the first quarter of 1957 to third quarter of 2014, we construct separate indices to measure aggregate and sectoral uncertainty and compare their effects on the unemployment rate in a standard macroeconomic vector autoregressive (VAR) model. We find that aggregate uncertainty leads to an immediate increase in unemployment, with the impact dissipating within a year. In contrast, sectoral uncertainty has a long-lived impact on unemployment, with the peak impact occurring after two years. The results are consistent with a view that the impact of aggregate uncertainty occurs through a “wait-and-see” mechanism while increased sectoral uncertainty raises unemployment by requiring greater reallocation across sectors.
Author : Dora L. Costa,Naomi R. Lamoreaux
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2011-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226116341
The conditions for sustainable growth and development are among the most debated topics in economics, and the consensus is that institutions matter greatly in explaining why some economies are more successful than others over time. This book explores the relationship between economic conditions, growth, and inequality.