Exploring Causal Risk Factors For Metabolic And Endocrine Disorders

Author : Youxin Wang,Xiao Wang,Haifeng Hou,Di Liu
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2024-02-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832544655

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Exploring Causal Risk Factors for Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders by Youxin Wang,Xiao Wang,Haifeng Hou,Di Liu Pdf

Metabolic and endocrine disorders are the main burden of noncommunicable chronic diseases, and they serve as important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases or multiple cancers. To date, a large number of correlates have been identified, but few of them were modifiable and causal. In general, causal relationships can be conceptualized not only in a probabilistic sense involving statistical terms and procedures, but also in the complexity of biological phenomena. The limited understanding of many underlying mechanisms hinders a deterministic conceptualization of disease causation. The identification of modifiable risk factors that have a causal effect on the incidence of these diseases and their complications is critical to the primary or secondary prevention of metabolic and endocrine diseases.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on Preventing the Global Epidemic of Cardiovascular Disease: Meeting the Challenges in Developing Countries
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 483 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2010-06-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309157612

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Promoting Cardiovascular Health in the Developing World by Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on Preventing the Global Epidemic of Cardiovascular Disease: Meeting the Challenges in Developing Countries Pdf

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), once thought to be confined primarily to industrialized nations, has emerged as a major health threat in developing countries. Cardiovascular disease now accounts for nearly 30 percent of deaths in low and middle income countries each year, and is accompanied by significant economic repercussions. Yet most governments, global health institutions, and development agencies have largely overlooked CVD as they have invested in health in developing countries. Recognizing the gap between the compelling evidence of the global CVD burden and the investment needed to prevent and control CVD, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) turned to the IOM for advice on how to catalyze change. In this report, the IOM recommends that the NHLBI, development agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and governments work toward two essential goals: creating environments that promote heart healthy lifestyle choices and help reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and building public health infrastructure and health systems with the capacity to implement programs that will effectively detect and reduce risk and manage CVD. To meet these goals, the IOM recommends several steps, including improving cooperation and collaboration; implementing effective and feasible strategies; and informing efforts through research and health surveillance. Without better efforts to promote cardiovascular health, global health as a whole will be undermined.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on Prevention of Mental Disorders
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 636 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1994-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309049399

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Reducing Risks for Mental Disorders by Institute of Medicine,Committee on Prevention of Mental Disorders Pdf

The understanding of how to reduce risk factors for mental disorders has expanded remarkably as a result of recent scientific advances. This study, mandated by Congress, reviews those advances in the context of current research and provides a targeted definition of prevention and a conceptual framework that emphasizes risk reduction. Highlighting opportunities for and barriers to interventions, the book draws on successful models for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, injuries, and smoking. In addition, it reviews the risk factors associated with Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, alcohol abuse and dependence, depressive disorders, and conduct disorders and evaluates current illustrative prevention programs. The models and examination provide a framework for the design, application, and evaluation of interventions intended to prevent mental disorders and the transfer of knowledge about prevention from research to clinical practice. The book presents a focused research agenda, with recommendations on how to develop effective intervention programs, create a cadre of prevention researchers, and improve coordination among federal agencies.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Understanding the Biology of Sex and Gender Differences
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2001-07-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309132975

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Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Understanding the Biology of Sex and Gender Differences Pdf

It's obvious why only men develop prostate cancer and why only women get ovarian cancer. But it is not obvious why women are more likely to recover language ability after a stroke than men or why women are more apt to develop autoimmune diseases such as lupus. Sex differences in health throughout the lifespan have been documented. Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health begins to snap the pieces of the puzzle into place so that this knowledge can be used to improve health for both sexes. From behavior and cognition to metabolism and response to chemicals and infectious organisms, this book explores the health impact of sex (being male or female, according to reproductive organs and chromosomes) and gender (one's sense of self as male or female in society). Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health discusses basic biochemical differences in the cells of males and females and health variability between the sexes from conception throughout life. The book identifies key research needs and opportunities and addresses barriers to research. Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health will be important to health policy makers, basic, applied, and clinical researchers, educators, providers, and journalists-while being very accessible to interested lay readers.

Author : Nadia Akawi,Elena Sommariva,Kazuo Miyazawa,Hidekazu Kondo,Valerio Azzimato,Ileana Badi
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 106 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2022-09-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889767649

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Exploring the Crosstalk Between Adipose Tissue and the Cardiovascular System by Nadia Akawi,Elena Sommariva,Kazuo Miyazawa,Hidekazu Kondo,Valerio Azzimato,Ileana Badi Pdf

Author : Neal Halfon,Christopher B. Forrest,Richard M. Lerner,Elaine M. Faustman
Publisher : Springer
Page : 667 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2017-11-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319471433

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Handbook of Life Course Health Development by Neal Halfon,Christopher B. Forrest,Richard M. Lerner,Elaine M. Faustman Pdf

This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. ​This handbook synthesizes and analyzes the growing knowledge base on life course health development (LCHD) from the prenatal period through emerging adulthood, with implications for clinical practice and public health. It presents LCHD as an innovative field with a sound theoretical framework for understanding wellness and disease from a lifespan perspective, replacing previous medical, biopsychosocial, and early genomic models of health. Interdisciplinary chapters discuss major health concerns (diabetes, obesity), important less-studied conditions (hearing, kidney health), and large-scale issues (nutrition, adversity) from a lifespan viewpoint. In addition, chapters address methodological approaches and challenges by analyzing existing measures, studies, and surveys. The book concludes with the editors’ research agenda that proposes priorities for future LCHD research and its application to health care practice and health policy. Topics featured in the Handbook include: The prenatal period and its effect on child obesity and metabolic outcomes. Pregnancy complications and their effect on women’s cardiovascular health. A multi-level approach for obesity prevention in children. Application of the LCHD framework to autism spectrum disorder. Socioeconomic disadvantage and its influence on health development across the lifespan. The importance of nutrition to optimal health development across the lifespan. The Handbook of Life Course Health Development is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians/professionals, and graduate students in developmental psychology/science; maternal and child health; social work; health economics; educational policy and politics; and medical law as well as many interrelated subdisciplines in psychology, medicine, public health, mental health, education, social welfare, economics, sociology, and law.

Author : Alan D. Lopez
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 511 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2006-04-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780821362631

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Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors by Alan D. Lopez Pdf

Strategic health planning, the cornerstone of initiatives designed to achieve health improvement goals around the world, requires an understanding of the comparative burden of diseases and injuries, their corresponding risk factors and the likely effects of invervention options. The Global Burden of Disease framework, originally published in 1990, has been widely adopted as the preferred method for health accounting and has become the standard to guide the setting of health research priorities. This publication sets out an updated assessment of the situation, with an analysis of trends observed since 1990 and a chapter on the sensitivity of GBD estimates to various sources of uncertainty in methods and data.

Author : Majid Ezzati
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 2282 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : CD-ROMs
ISBN : 9789241580311

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Comparative Quantification of Health Risks: Sexual and reproductive health by Majid Ezzati Pdf

Provides a comprehensive assessment of the scientific evidence on prevalence and the resulting health effects of a range of exposures that are know to be hazardous to human health, including childhood and maternal undernutrition, nutritional and physiological risk factors for adult health, addictive substances, sexual and reproductive health risks, and risks in the physical environments of households and communities, as well as among workers. This book is the culmination of over four years of scientific equiry and data collection, know as the comparative risk assessment (CRA) project.

Author : Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju,Aramati BM Reddy
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2019-11-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789813293939

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Exploring Pancreatic Metabolism and Malignancy by Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju,Aramati BM Reddy Pdf

This book comprehensively describes the association between metabolic syndrome and pancreatic cancer progression, and the mechanism of action and target definition with a view to drug discovery. Metabolic syndrome, which includes adnominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia, has recently been shown to play an important role in the etiology and progression of various cancers. Further, obesity and diabetes have been associated with an increased incidence of gastric cancers. The book reviews the key biological mechanisms underlying the association between metabolic dysregulation, including obesity-associated enhancement of growth factor signaling, inflammation, and perturbation in pancreatic cancer cell growth and metastasis. It also illustrates the role of the inflammatory signaling pathway in metabolic diseases as well as tumor growth and explores the potential of these pathways as the rational targets for pancreatic cancer therapy. Lastly, the book offers a comprehensive description of the challenges associated with diabetes and pancreatic cancer therapy.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Sleep Medicine and Research
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 425 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2006-10-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309101110

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Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Sleep Medicine and Research Pdf

Clinical practice related to sleep problems and sleep disorders has been expanding rapidly in the last few years, but scientific research is not keeping pace. Sleep apnea, insomnia, and restless legs syndrome are three examples of very common disorders for which we have little biological information. This new book cuts across a variety of medical disciplines such as neurology, pulmonology, pediatrics, internal medicine, psychiatry, psychology, otolaryngology, and nursing, as well as other medical practices with an interest in the management of sleep pathology. This area of research is not limited to very young and old patientsâ€"sleep disorders reach across all ages and ethnicities. Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation presents a structured analysis that explores the following: Improving awareness among the general public and health care professionals. Increasing investment in interdisciplinary somnology and sleep medicine research training and mentoring activities. Validating and developing new and existing technologies for diagnosis and treatment. This book will be of interest to those looking to learn more about the enormous public health burden of sleep disorders and sleep deprivation and the strikingly limited capacity of the health care enterprise to identify and treat the majority of individuals suffering from sleep problems.

Author : Michelle Pentecost,Jaya Keaney,Tessa Moll,Michael Penkler
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781009201728

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The Handbook of DOHaD and Society by Michelle Pentecost,Jaya Keaney,Tessa Moll,Michael Penkler Pdf

An indispensable guide for scholars completing interdisciplinary research in the field of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease.

Author : Andrea Del Fattore,Michela Rossi,Helen Knowles
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 115 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2024-01-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832542484

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Advances in the endocrine role of the skeleton, volume II by Andrea Del Fattore,Michela Rossi,Helen Knowles Pdf

Author : Hussein Yassine
Publisher : Springer
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2015-03-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319111612

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Lipid Management by Hussein Yassine Pdf

This timely, concise title provides an important update on clinical lipid management. Using information from recent clinical trials and in special populations, the book begins by offering an easy-to-read overview of LDL, HDL, and triglyceride metabolism and the genetics of lipid disorders. The link between inflammation and lipids, and how this relates to atherosclerosis development, is also addressed, as are the measures of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with abnormal lipid levels. Lipid abnormalities in children, with a particular focus on vulnerable populations (with an emphasis on ethnicity and childhood obesity), are covered. The treatment goals and approaches for managing lipids in the clinic are thoroughly discussed, emphasizing the important role of statin use and addressing controversies of lipid management in special populations such as heart failure, end stage kidney disease and fatty liver disease. Of special note, an important update on how new HIV medications impact lipid levels is provided. In all, Lipid Management: From Basics to Clinic, is an invaluable, handy resource for understanding changes in lipids in different populations and for sharpening the clinical approach to managing complicated lipid cases.

Author : Yanting Wu,He-Feng Huang
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2024-06-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832532287

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Mechanism and management, volume II by Yanting Wu,He-Feng Huang Pdf

Author : Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Military Nutrition Research,Subcommittee on Military Weight Management
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2003-12-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309089968

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Weight Management by Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Military Nutrition Research,Subcommittee on Military Weight Management Pdf

The primary purpose of fitness and body composition standards in the U.S. Armed Forces has always been to select individuals best suited to the physical demands of military service, based on the assumption that proper body weight and composition supports good health, physical fitness, and appropriate military appearance. The current epidemic of overweight and obesity in the United States affects the military services. The pool of available recruits is reduced because of failure to meet body composition standards for entry into the services and a high percentage of individuals exceeding military weight-for-height standards at the time of entry into the service leave the military before completing their term of enlistment. To aid in developing strategies for prevention and remediation of overweight in military personnel, the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command requested the Committee on Military Nutrition Research to review the scientific evidence for: factors that influence body weight, optimal components of a weight loss and weight maintenance program, and the role of gender, age, and ethnicity in weight management.