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Author : J. Rosenmüller
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 134 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642483004
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1884
Category : Electronic
ISBN : NYPL:33433062732767
Author : Walter E. Diewert
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 211 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642510229
This research was supported by the World Bank and the Social Sciences and Humanities R~search Council of Canada. Neither institution is responsible for the views expressed in this paper. The author is indebted to V. Corbo, A. Haymer, Y. Kanemoto, K. Lee, K. Mera, Hal Varian and A. Walters for helpful comments and to Elizabeth Lambert, Shehnaz Motani', and Jeanette Leigh Paisley for excellent typing services. I would like to dedicate this book to my wife, Virginia. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction . . . •. . ••. . •. ••. •••. . . . •. . . . . •. •. . . •. . . •. •. •. . •. . . •. ••. • 2. A Simple Producer Benefit Measure . . ••. •••. ••••. •••••••••••. ••••••. • 8 3. Willingness to P~v Functions and Marginal Cost Functions ••••••••••• 15 4. Approximate Benefit Measures 30 5. Problems with the Producer Benefit Measure ••••••••••••• ! ••••••••••• 41 5. 1. Static versus Dynamic Benefit Measures ••••••••••••••••••• 41 5. 2. The Problem of Endogenous Prices for Local Goons ••••••••• 48 5. 3. The Neglect of Consumer Benefits' ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 56 6. Alternative Approaches to Benefit Measurement •••••••••••••••••••••• 70 6. 1. The Questionnaire or Sample Survey Approach •••••••••••••• 70 6. 2. Ex Post Accounting Approaches •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 72 6. 3. Engineering and Mathematical Programming Approaches •••••• 74 6. 4. The Applied General Equilibrium Modelling Approach ~ •••••• 75 6. 5. The Differential Approach •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 77 6. 6. The Econometric Approach . . •••••••••. •. ••••••. •••••••••. •• 79 7.
Author : A. Bachem,M. Grötschel,B. Korte
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 662 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783642688744
In the late forties, Mathematical Programming became a scientific discipline in its own right. Since then it has experienced a tremendous growth. Beginning with economic and military applications, it is now among the most important fields of applied mathematics with extensive use in engineering, natural sciences, economics, and biological sciences. The lively activity in this area is demonstrated by the fact that as early as 1949 the first "Symposium on Mathe matical Programming" took place in Chicago. Since then mathematical programmers from all over the world have gath ered at the intfrnational symposia of the Mathematical Programming Society roughly every three years to present their recent research, to exchange ideas with their colleagues and to learn about the latest developments in their own and related fields. In 1982, the XI. International Symposium on Mathematical Programming was held at the University of Bonn, W. Germany, from August 23 to 27. It was organized by the Institut fUr Okonometrie und Operations Re search of the University of Bonn in collaboration with the Sonderforschungs bereich 21 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. This volume constitutes part of the outgrowth of this symposium and docu ments its scientific activities. Part I of the book contains information about the symposium, welcoming addresses, lists of committees and sponsors and a brief review about the Ful kerson Prize and the Dantzig Prize which were awarded during the opening ceremony.
Author : Albert William Tucker,Robert Duncan Luce
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2016-03-02
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781400882168
The description for this book, Contributions to the Theory of Games (AM-40), Volume IV, will be forthcoming.
Author : Leon Aganesovich Petrosi︠a︡n,Vladimir Viktorovich Mazalov
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 1560726296
Comprises 18 contributions on game theory and its applications. Representative topics include: the normalized Banzhaf value and the Banzhaf share function; game problems on rotation surfaces; an optimal stopping of random walks game with reflection; Nash- Hurwitz equilibrium for non-cooperative games; a survey on communication in cooperation games; and selectors of the core and consistency properties. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author : Nimrod Megiddo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781461226482
This volume presents a collection of papers on game theory dedicated to Michael Maschler. Through his dedication and contributions to game theory, Maschler has become an important figure particularly in the area of cooperative games. Game theory has since become an important subject in operations research, economics and management science. As befits such a volume, the main themes covered are cooperative games, coalitions, repeated games, and a cost allocation games. All the contributions are authoritative surveys of a particular topic, so together they will present an invaluable overview of the field to all those working on game theory problems.
Author : C.C.v. Weizsäcker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642464263
I was originally induced to think about barriers to entry by some re search done for Charles River Associates, Inc., Boston, on behalf of their client IBM Corporation, Armonk, N.Y. After the end of this re search project I continued to work on entry barriers and related is sues of market structure. The results of this effort are reported here. What I present is not a book in the traditional sense of the word. Due to other research and administrative obligations I could not, without substantial delay, present a more finished product. The rapid progress in the field of industrial organisation theory made me fear that my results could become obsolete if I further waited with their publica tion. I hope that the early presentation of a progress report rather than a much later publication of a finished product is not only in my interest but also in the interest of economics.
Author : Ching-Lai Hwang,Kwangsun Yoon
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642483189
This mono graph is intended for an advanced undergraduate or graduate course as weIl as for the researchers who want a compilation of developments in this rapidly growing field of operations research. This is a sequel to our previous work entitled "Multiple Objective Decision Making--Methods and Applications: A State-of-the-Art Survey," (No. 164 of the Lecture Notes). The literature on methods and applications of Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) has been reviewed and classified systematically. This study provides readers with a capsule look into the existing methods, their char acteristics, and applicability to analysis of MADM problems. The basic MADM concepts are defined and a standard notation is introduced in Part 11. Also introduced are foundations such as models for MADM, trans formation of attributes, fuzzy decision rules, and methods for assessing weight. A system of classifying seventeen major MADM methods is presented. These methods have been proposed by researchers in diversified disciplines; half of them are classical ones, but the other half have appeared recently. The basic concept, the computational procedure, and the characteristics of each of these methods are presented concisely in Part 111. The computational procedure of each method is illustrated by solving a simple numerical example. Part IV of the survey deals with the applications of these MADM methods.
Author : H.R. Sneessens
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 149 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642464393
Introducing his book "The Theory of UnemPloyment Reconsidered", Professor Malinvaud expressed several years ago his hope "to convey [his] strong belief that the reconsideration is a major step in the development of our science". In view of the stimulating effect this approach has on economic research, it seems now that many economists do indeed share Malinvaud's belief and are ready to devote their time and their skill to ensure the realization of that progress. This book, grown out of a Ph. D. thesis presented at the Universit~ Catholique de Louvain, aims at contributing in its own way to that venture. Looking towards econometric applications, it illustrates that a framework h la Malinvaud (i. e. based on the theory of temporary equilibrium with rationing) provides the means of improving macro econometric modelling. There has been so far a wide and pervasive fear that, despite its analytical and theoretical usefulness, the quantity rationing approach would be much too complex to be successfully implemented into econometric models. The research the interested reader will discover in the subsequent pages should convince him that the difficulty faced by econometricians is essentially (I am tempted to say merely) one of developing an adequate methodology; it should thus disappear once is made the initial research investment. The empirical results presented towards the end of the book, though prelim inary, already suggests that the effort is rewarding and should be continued. My debts are many.
Author : Helmut Lütkepohl
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 3540172084
This study is concerned with forecasting time series variables and the impact of the level of aggregation on the efficiency of the forecasts. Since temporally and contemporaneously disaggregated data at various levels have become available for many countries, regions, and variables during the last decades the question which data and procedures to use for prediction has become increasingly important in recent years. This study aims at pointing out some of the problems involved and at pro viding some suggestions how to proceed in particular situations. Many of the results have been circulated as working papers, some have been published as journal articles, and some have been presented at conferences and in seminars. I express my gratitude to all those who have commented on parts of this study. They are too numerous to be listed here and many of them are anonymous referees and are therefore unknown to me. Some early results related to the present study are contained in my monograph "Prognose aggregierter Zeitreihen" (Lutkepohl (1986a)) which was essentially completed in 1983. The present study contains major extensions of that research and also summarizes the earlier results to the extent they are of interest in the context of this study.
Author : Volker Firchau
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 114 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642492723
An investor who wants to invest a certain amount and to whom a lot of more or less risky alternatives arise would divide this amount among several securities. He makes this portfolio decision because of his expectations with regard to these assets which result from the information available to him. If the investor obtains additional information, then his knowledge would improve and, therefore, the portfolio decision made by him. Accordingly, he will be ready to accept certain costs related to the information procurement. The value of information indicates the maximum tolerable information costs, and its knowledge, therefore, enables - by comparing with the actual information costs - to evaluate the profitability of an information procurement. In this book, the value of information for the problem of portfolio planning is explicitly determined, namely as well for the case of fixed prices not influenced by the information activity as within the scope of a market model. These explicit results allow several conclusions, in particular about the influence of preknowledge, risk aversion, information precision and information dissemination on their value. The Bayesian decision theory is the basis for this paper. Corres pondingly, a subjective concept of probability is underlying, and the information processing and evaluation is understood in a sta tistical sense. As one might expect, the question about the correct ness of an information is not treated, although manipulating the asset prices by deliberate dis information can be observed in prac tice and is, certainly, an interesting problem.
Author : Clifford Hildreth
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 185 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642616440
The author is indebted to the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and to the Graduate School of the University of Minnesota for financial aid. This permitted visits with quite a few old Cowlespeople, reproduction of documents, and some reduction in teaching commitments. The many who responded with information and suggestions cannot be blamed for the shortcomings of the book. Faculty and staff at the Cowles Foundation were particularly helpful. Dori Clifton, Business Manager, and Karlee Gifford, Librarian, were always resourceful in locating people and documents. Michael Intrilgator, Leonid Hurwicz, and Martin Beckmann fur- Intriligator also nished perceptive comments on an earlier draft. obtained my access to the Marschak archives at UCLA. Wendy Williamson, the librarian at the Jacob C. Schmookler Library at the University of Minnesota cheerfully and efficiently handled lots of (sometimes vague) requests for reference materials and produced neat and timely drafts from very trying scratchpaper. Appropriate parts of my correspondence and some copies of documents will be placed in a Cowles Commission archive at the Cowles Foundation, Vale University.
Author : Theo S. H. Driessen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789401577878
The study of the theory of games was started in Von Neumann (1928), but the development of the theory of games was accelerated after the publication of the classical book "Theory of games and economic behavior" by Von Neumann and Morgenstern (1944). As an initial step, the theory of games aims to put situations of conflict and cooperation into mathematical models. In the second and final step, the resulting models are analysed on the basis of equitable and mathematical reasonings. The conflict and/or cooperative situation in question is generally due to the interaction between two or more individuals (players). Their interaction may lead up to several potential payoffs over which each player has his own preferences. Any player attempts to achieve his largest possible payoff, but the other players may also exert their influence on the realization of some potential payoff. As already mentioned, the theory of games consists of two parts, a modelling part and a solution part. Concerning the modelling part, the mathematical models of conflict and cooperative situations are described. The description of the models includes the rules, the strategy space of any player, potential payoffs to the players, the preferences of each player over the set of all potential payoffs, etc. According to the rules, it is either permitted or forbidden that the players communicate with one another in order to make binding agreements regarding their mutual actions.
Author : Klaus Schittkowski
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642615825
This collection of 188 nonlinear programming test examples is a supplement of the test problem collection published by Hock and Schittkowski [2]. As in the former case, the intention is to present an extensive set of nonlinear programming problems that were used by other authors in the past to develop, test or compare optimization algorithms. There is no distinction between an "easy" or "difficult" test problem, since any related classification must depend on the underlying algorithm and test design. For instance, a nonlinear least squares problem may be solved easily by a special purpose code within a few iterations, but the same problem can be unsolvable for a general nonlinear programming code due to ill-conditioning. Thus one should consider both collections as a possible offer to choose some suitable problems for a specific test frame. One difference between the new collection and the former one pub lished by Hock and Schittkowski [2], is the attempt to present some more realistic or "real world" problems. Moreover a couple of non linear least squares test problems were collected which can be used e. g. to test data fitting algorithms. The presentation of the test problems is somewhat simplified and numerical solutions are computed only by one nonlinear programming code, the sequential quadratic programming algorithm NLPQL of Schittkowski [3]. But both test problem collections are implemeted in the same way in form of special FORTRAN subroutines, so that the same test programs can be used.