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Author : Anthony Yezer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : IND:30000052101817
Author : Clark R. Abrahams,Mingyuan Zhang
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2008-01-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780470167762
Praise for Fair Lending ComplianceIntelligence and Implications for Credit Risk Management "Brilliant and informative. An in-depth look at innovative approaches to credit risk management written by industry practitioners. This publication will serve as an essential reference text for those who wish to make credit accessible to underserved consumers. It is comprehensive and clearly written." --The Honorable Rodney E. Hood "Abrahams and Zhang's timely treatise is a must-read for all those interested in the critical role of credit in the economy. They ably explore the intersection of credit access and credit risk, suggesting a hybrid approach of human judgment and computer models as the necessary path to balanced and fair lending. In an environment of rapidly changing consumer demographics, as well as regulatory reform initiatives, this book suggests new analytical models by which to provide credit to ensure compliance and to manage enterprise risk." --Frank A. Hirsch Jr., Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough LLP Financial Services Attorney and former general counsel for Centura Banks, Inc. "This book tackles head on the market failures that our current risk management systems need to address. Not only do Abrahams and Zhang adeptly articulate why we can and should improve our systems, they provide the analytic evidence, and the steps toward implementations. Fair Lending Compliance fills a much-needed gap in the field. If implemented systematically, this thought leadership will lead to improvements in fair lending practices for all Americans." --Alyssa Stewart Lee, Deputy Director, Urban Markets Initiative The Brookings Institution "[Fair Lending Compliance]...provides a unique blend of qualitative and quantitative guidance to two kinds of financial institutions: those that just need a little help in staying on the right side of complex fair housing regulations; and those that aspire to industry leadership in profitably and responsibly serving the unmet credit needs of diverse businesses and consumers in America's emerging domestic markets." --Michael A. Stegman, PhD, The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Duncan MacRae '09 and Rebecca Kyle MacRae Professor of Public Policy Emeritus, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Author : Stephen L. Ross,John Yinger
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2002-11-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0262264331
An analysis of current findings on mortgage-lending discrimination and suggestions for new procedures to improve its detection. In 2000, homeownership in the United States stood at an all-time high of 67.4 percent, but the homeownership rate was more than 50 percent higher for non-Hispanic whites than for blacks or Hispanics. Homeownership is the most common method for wealth accumulation and is viewed as critical for access to the most desirable communities and most comprehensive public services. Homeownership and mortgage lending are linked, of course, as the vast majority of home purchases are made with the help of a mortgage loan. Barriers to obtaining a mortgage represent obstacles to attaining the American dream of owning one's own home. These barriers take on added urgency when they are related to race or ethnicity. In this book Stephen Ross and John Yinger discuss what has been learned about mortgage-lending discrimination in recent years. They re-analyze existing loan-approval and loan-performance data and devise new tests for detecting discrimination in contemporary mortgage markets. They provide an in-depth review of the 1996 Boston Fed Study and its critics, along with new evidence that the minority-white loan-approval disparities in the Boston data represent discrimination, not variation in underwriting standards that can be justified on business grounds. Their analysis also reveals several major weaknesses in the current fair-lending enforcement system, namely, that it entirely overlooks one of the two main types of discrimination (disparate impact), misses many cases of the other main type (disparate treatment), and insulates some discriminating lenders from investigation. Ross and Yinger devise new procedures to overcome these weaknesses and show how the procedures can also be applied to discrimination in loan-pricing and credit-scoring.
Author : Yan Zhang
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Borrowing and lending
ISBN : UCSD:31822037545902
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Discrimination in mortgage loans
ISBN : UCSD:31822037798378
Author : Clark R. Abrahams,Mingyuan Zhang
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2008-03-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0470241896
Praise for Fair Lending ComplianceIntelligence and Implications for Credit Risk Management "Brilliant and informative. An in-depth look at innovative approaches to credit risk management written by industry practitioners. This publication will serve as an essential reference text for those who wish to make credit accessible to underserved consumers. It is comprehensive and clearly written." --The Honorable Rodney E. Hood "Abrahams and Zhang's timely treatise is a must-read for all those interested in the critical role of credit in the economy. They ably explore the intersection of credit access and credit risk, suggesting a hybrid approach of human judgment and computer models as the necessary path to balanced and fair lending. In an environment of rapidly changing consumer demographics, as well as regulatory reform initiatives, this book suggests new analytical models by which to provide credit to ensure compliance and to manage enterprise risk." --Frank A. Hirsch Jr., Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough LLP Financial Services Attorney and former general counsel for Centura Banks, Inc. "This book tackles head on the market failures that our current risk management systems need to address. Not only do Abrahams and Zhang adeptly articulate why we can and should improve our systems, they provide the analytic evidence, and the steps toward implementations. Fair Lending Compliance fills a much-needed gap in the field. If implemented systematically, this thought leadership will lead to improvements in fair lending practices for all Americans." --Alyssa Stewart Lee, Deputy Director, Urban Markets Initiative The Brookings Institution "[Fair Lending Compliance]...provides a unique blend of qualitative and quantitative guidance to two kinds of financial institutions: those that just need a little help in staying on the right side of complex fair housing regulations; and those that aspire to industry leadership in profitably and responsibly serving the unmet credit needs of diverse businesses and consumers in America's emerging domestic markets." --Michael A. Stegman, PhD, The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Duncan MacRae '09 and Rebecca Kyle MacRae Professor of Public Policy Emeritus, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Author : Jason Lynn Dietrich
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Bank examination
ISBN : UCSD:31822037545829
Author : Orice M. Williams
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781437907919
The Federal Reserve Board¿s (FRB) Regulation B prohibits lenders from collecting certain data from loan applicants, such as their race or gender, for non-mortgage loans (e.g., small bus. loans). FRB has stated that this provision of Regulation B minimizes the chances that lenders would use such data in an unlawful and discriminatory manner. However, others argue that the prohibition limits the capacity of researchers and regulators to identify discrimination in non-mortgage lending. This report analyzes: studies on possible discrimination in non-mortgage lending and the data used in them; FRB¿s 2003 decision to retain the prohibition of voluntary data collection; and the benefits and costs of a data collection and reporting requirement.
Author : Orice Williams Brown
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781437920789
The Fair Housing Act (FHA) and the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA) -- the "fair lending laws" -- prohibit discrimination in lending. Responsibility for their oversight is shared among three enforcement agencies -- HUD, the FTC, and Dept. of Justice -- and five depository institution regulators -- the FDIC, the Fed. Reserve, Nat. Credit Union Admin., Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, and the Office of Thrift Supervision. This report examines: (1) data used by agencies and the public to detect potential violations and options to enhance the data; (2) fed. oversight of lenders that are identified as at heightened risk of violating the fair lending laws; and (3) recent cases involving fair lending laws and associated enforcement challenges. Illus.
Author : Mitchell Stengel
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Discrimination in mortgage lending
ISBN : CORNELL:31924077635856
Author : Dan Immergluck
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2016-07-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781315498126
This book provides the most comprehensive examination of community reinvestment and fair lending problems and policies currently available. It outlines the history of lending discrimination and redlining in U.S. mortgage and small business lending markets, and documents the persistence of such problems today. The author explains the role that government has played in developing banking and credit markets in the United States, from the creation of Alexander Hamilton's First Bank of the United States to the ongoing support government provides through the subsidization of secondary markets and through maintenance of critical regulatory infrastructure. Immergluck takes issue with those calling for deregulation of financial services - especially in the arena of fair lending and consumer protection - and gives new voice to rationales for social contract policies such as the Community Reinvestment Act. He provides new long-term analysis of the failure of federal bank regulators to enforce the CRA, and also shows how increased community activism and media attention have led to sporadic periods of stronger CRA enforcement. Finally, he recommends a number of policy changes that are needed to modernize the nation's fair lending and community reinvestment laws and make them more relevant for the 21st century.
Author : United States. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency,United States. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. Multinational Banking Division
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Bank examination
ISBN : HARVARD:32044046810370
Author : Lori Sommerfield,Chris Willis,Sarah Pruett
Publisher : Independently Published
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2023-06-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9798398462289
Although the concept of fair lending has existed since the late 1960s, over the past decade the banking industry has witnessed a dramatic shift in the regulatory landscape for enforcement of the federal fair lending laws. Non-compliance with fair lending laws - as well as allegations that a bank's lending practices are discriminatory - can damage a bank's reputation, lead to regulatory and litigation risks, and be costly to defend. As a bank director or executive officer, you need to be engaged in providing effective oversight for your bank's fair lending risk management efforts. That does not mean that you need to learn all of the technical details of fair lending, but you should have or gain a basic understanding of fair lending as well as an understanding of the role of the board of directors and executive management in overseeing your bank's efforts to comply with the fair lending laws. That is the objective of this book. We also strongly recommend that your chief compliance officer and fair lending officer read the book in its entirety.
Author : Ingrid Ellen,Justin Steil
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 643 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2019-01-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780231545044
A half century after the Fair Housing Act, despite ongoing transformations of the geography of privilege and poverty, residential segregation by race and income continues to shape urban and suburban neighborhoods in the United States. Why do people live where they do? What explains segregation’s persistence? And why is addressing segregation so complicated? The Dream Revisited brings together a range of expert viewpoints on the causes and consequences of the nation’s separate and unequal living patterns. Leading scholars and practitioners, including civil rights advocates, affordable housing developers, elected officials, and fair housing lawyers, discuss the nature of and policy responses to residential segregation. Essays scrutinize the factors that sustain segregation, including persistent barriers to mobility and complex neighborhood preferences, and its consequences from health to home finance and from policing to politics. They debate how actively and in what ways the government should intervene in housing markets to foster integration. The book features timely analyses of issues such as school integration, mixed income housing, and responses to gentrification from a diversity of viewpoints. A probing examination of a deeply rooted problem, The Dream Revisited offers pressing insights into the changing face of urban inequality.
Author : United States Government Accountability Office
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2017-09-09
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1976187745
The Fair Housing Act (FHA) and the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA)-the "fair lending laws"- prohibit discrimination in lending. Responsibility for their oversight is shared among three enforcement agencies-the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Federal Trade Commission (FTC), and Department of Justice (DOJ)-and five depository institution regulators-the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Federal Reserve), National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), and Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS). This report examines (1) data used by agencies and the public to detect potential violations and options to enhance the data, (2) federal oversight of lenders that are identified as at heightened risk of violating the fair lending laws, and (3) recent cases involving fair lending laws and associated enforcement challenges. GAO analyzed fair lending laws, relevant research, and interviewed agency officials, lenders, and consumer groups. GAO also reviewed 152 depository institution fair lending examination files. Depending upon file availability by regulator, GAO reviewed all relevant files or a random sample as appropriate.