Fetal Rights Women S Rights

Author : Suzanne Uttaro Samuels
Publisher : Univ of Wisconsin Press
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 0299145441

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Fetal Rights, Women's Rights by Suzanne Uttaro Samuels Pdf

In the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s, many private employers in the United States enacted fetal protection policies that barred fertile women--that is, women who had not been surgically sterilized--from working in jobs that might expose fetuses to toxins. In Fetal Rights, Women's Rights, Suzanne Samuels analyzes these policies and the ambiguous responses to them by federal and state courts, legislatures, administrative agencies, litigants, and interest groups. She poses provocative questions about the implicit links between social welfare concerns and paternalism in the workplace, including: are women workers or wombs? Placing the fetal protection controversy within the larger societal debate about gender roles, Samuels argues that governmental decision-makers confuse sex, which is based solely on biological characteristics, with gender, which is based on societal conceptions. She contends that the debate about fetal protection policies brought this ambiguity into stark relief, and that the response of policy-makers was rooted in assumptions about gender roles. Judges, legislators, and regulators used gender as a proxy, she argues, to sidestep the question of whether fetal protection policies could be justified by the biological differences between women and men. The fetal protection controversy raises a number of concerns about women's role in the workplace. Samuels discusses the effect on governmental policies of the ongoing controversy over abortion rights and the debates between egalitarian and relational feminists about the treatment of women at work. A timely and engrossing study, Fetal Rights, Women's Rights details the pattern of gender politics in the United States and demonstrates the broader ramifications of gender bias in the workplace.

Author : Cynthia R. DANIELS,Cynthia R Daniels
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2009-06-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780674030169

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At Women's Expense by Cynthia R. DANIELS,Cynthia R Daniels Pdf

Some say the fetus is the "tiniest citizen." If so, then the bodies of women themselves have become political arenas - or, recent cases suggest, battlefields: A cocaine-addicted mother is convicted of drug trafficking through the umbilical cord. Women employees at a battery plant must prove infertility to keep their jobs. A terminally ill woman is forced to undergo a cesarean section. No longer concerned with conception or motherhood, the new politics of fetal rights focuses on fertility and pregnancy itself, on a woman's relationship with the fetus. How exactly, Cynthia Daniels asks, does this affect a woman's rights? Are they different from a man's? And how has the state helped determine the difference? The answers, rigorously pursued throughout this book, give us a detailed look into the state's paradoxical role in gender politics - as both a challenger of injustice and an agent of social control. In benchmark legal cases concerned with forced medical treatment, fetal protectionism in the workplace, and drug and alcohol use and abuse, Daniels shows us state power at work in the struggle between fetal rights and women's rights. These cases raise critical questions about the impact of gender on women's standing as citizens, and about the relationship between state power and gender inequality. Fully appreciating the difficulties of each case, the author probes the subtleties of various positions and their implications for a deeper understanding of how a woman's reproductive capability affects her relationship to state power. In her analysis, the need to defend women's right to self-sovereignty becomes clear, but so does the need to define further the very concepts of self-sovereignty and privacy. The intensity of the debate over fetal rights suggests the depth of the current gender crisis and the force of the feelings of social dislocation generated by reproductive politics. Breaking through the public mythology that clouds these debates, At Women's Expense makes a hopeful beginning toward liberating woman's body within the body politic

Author : Lynn M. Morgan,Meredith Wilson Michaels
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2016-11-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781512807561

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Fetal Subjects, Feminist Positions by Lynn M. Morgan,Meredith Wilson Michaels Pdf

Selected as the "Most Enduring Edited Collection" by the Council on Anthropology and Reproduction Since Roe v. Wade, there has been increasing public interest in fetuses, in part as a result of effective antiabortion propaganda and in part as a result of developments in medicine and technology. While feminists have begun to take note of the proliferation of fetal images in various media, such as medical journals, magazines, and motion pictures, few have openly addressed the problems that the emergence of the fetal subject poses for feminism. Fetal Subjects, Feminist Positions foregrounds feminism's effort to focus on the importance of women's reproductive agency, and at the same time acknowledges the increasing significance of fetal subjects in public discourse and private experience. Essays address the public fascination with the fetal subject and its implications for abortion discourse and feminist commitment to reproductive rights in the United States. Contributors include scholars from fields as diverse as anthropology, communications, political science, sociology, and philosophy.

Author : Rachel Roth
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781501718656

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Making Women Pay by Rachel Roth Pdf

Once backed primarily by anti-abortion activists, fetal rights claims are now promoted by a wide range of interest groups in American society. Government and corporate policies to define and enforce fetal rights have become commonplace. These developments affect all women—pregnant or not—because women are considered "potentially pregnant" for much of their lives. In her powerful and important book, Rachel Roth brings a new perspective to the debate over fetal rights. She clearly delineates the threat to women's equality posed by the new concept of "maternal-fetal conflict," an idea central to the fetal rights movement in which women and fetuses are seen as having interests that are diametrically opposed. Roth begins by placing fetal rights politics in historical and comparative context and by tracing the emergence of the notion of fetal rights. Against a backdrop of gripping stories about actual women, she reviews the difficulties fetal rights claims create for women in the areas of employment, health care, and drug and alcohol regulation. She looks at court cases and state legislation over a period of two decades beginning in 1973, the year of the Roe v. Wade decision legalizing abortion. Her exhaustive research shows how judicial decisions and public policies that grant fetuses rights tend to displace women as claimants, as recipients of needed services, and ultimately as citizens. When a corporation, medical authority, or the state asserts or accepts rights claims on behalf of a fetus, the usual justification involves improving the chance of a healthy birth. This strategy, Roth persuasively argues, is not necessary to achieve the goal of a healthy birth, is often counterproductive to it, and always undermines women's equal standing.

Author : Masae Kato
Publisher : Amsterdam University Press
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789053567937

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Women's Rights? by Masae Kato Pdf

This book analyses the debates between handicapped people's movement and women's movement in Japan about the issue of selective abortion focusing on the concept of 'right'.

Author : Marlene Gerber Fried
Publisher : South End Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Abortion
ISBN : 089608387X

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From Abortion to Reproductive Freedom by Marlene Gerber Fried Pdf

This anthology argues for an expansion of the single-issue abortion-rights movement into a multi-cultural feminist movement in the United States.

Author : Clarice Feinman
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Law
ISBN : 1560241713

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The Criminalization of a Woman's Body by Clarice Feinman Pdf

This groundbreaking book addresses the ominous trend of introducing and passing laws and court decisions regulating the actions of women and the control of their bodies. One of the few books published on the criminalization of women's bodies, this timely book takes a serious look at the effect these laws would have on women and the threat to their autonomy, privacy, and control; their bodily integrity; control over reproductive capacities; and their constitutional rights. From ancient literature to the literature and law of contemporary society, a woman's value has often rested on her fulfilling expected roles as wife and mother. The lack of respect for women inherent in this predominantly male-oriented line of thinking is reinforced in this new trend of legislation and court decisions attempting to regulate women's behavior and reproductive capacity. The Criminalization of a Woman's Body thoroughly discusses these special laws governing women's personal choices and the threats these laws and court decisions pose to women's autonomy and constitutional rights. Scholars from Israel, Italy, and the United States provide a multidimensional discussion of the problem facing women in many, if not all, countries. Contributors represent various disciplines including, law, philosophy, medicine, political science, sociology, women's studies, and criminal justice. Articles analyze sensitive issues surrounding abortion and its impending criminalization in several countries; controversial topics on contract motherhood; the power of administrative agencies to control and informally criminalize pregnant women and new mothers; policies meant to protect the fetus from pregnant women who deviate from medically, socially, and legally sanctioned behavior which may deter women from seeking any medical care; and the destruction of families due to the criminalization of pregnant women and new mothers and the consequent removal of their children and placement into foster care. Professors, students, librarians, agency workers dealing with women's issues, and women and men in the general public will find this important book a helpful tool in sorting through the complex issues on criminalizing women's bodies.

Author : Rosamund Scott
Publisher : Hart Publishing
Page : 475 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2002-08-05
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781841131344

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Rights, Duties and the Body by Rosamund Scott Pdf

This book addresses the law and ethics concerning a pregnant woman's refusal of medical treatment needed by the fetus she carries. In England and some U.S. states a pregnant woman can now refuse such treatment. Nevertheless, courts have acknowledged the residual ethical dilemmas, sometimes adverting to the inappropriateness here of legal compulsion of presumed moral duties. This leaves the impression of an uncomfortable split between the ethics and the law. This study seeks to explain and justify a pregnant woman's legal right to refuse medical treatment and thus resolve, so far as possible, the surrounding ethical, legal and social tensions. The idea of day-to-day maternal conduct which may cause prenatal harm is also touched upon. Innovatively, the author adopts a joint philosophical and legal approach directed to issues both of principle and policy, revealing strong conceptual links between the ethics and the law. In addition to an ethical exploration of the maternal-fetal relationship the author explores the relevant English, American and some Canadian arguments from the law of treatment refusal, abortion, tort and rescue.

Author : Jean Reith Schroedel
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Law
ISBN : 0801437075

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Is the Fetus a Person? by Jean Reith Schroedel Pdf

As much a model for future research as a study of the status of the fetus, this book offers an examination of one of the most divisive and complex issues of American life."--BOOK JACKET.

Author : Alan Marzilli
Publisher : Infobase Publishing
Page : 151 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Current events
ISBN : 9781438105994

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Fetal Rights by Alan Marzilli Pdf

Presents divergent viewpoints on the legal rights of unborn children.

Author : Janice G. Raymond
Publisher : Harper San Francisco
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Human reproductive technology
ISBN : UOM:39015026819600

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Women as Wombs by Janice G. Raymond Pdf

Raymond argues that high-tech reproductive technologies violate the integrety of women's bodies, perpetuate an international trafficking in children and prostitution, and are a threat to women's basic human rights.

Author : Sara Dubow
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2010-12-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199779765

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Ourselves Unborn by Sara Dubow Pdf

During the past several decades, the fetus has been diversely represented in political debates, medical textbooks and journals, personal memoirs and autobiographies, museum exhibits and mass media, and civil and criminal law. Ourselves Unborn argues that the meanings people attribute to the fetus are not based simply on biological fact or theological truth, but are in fact strongly influenced by competing definitions of personhood and identity, beliefs about knowledge and authority, and assumptions about gender roles and sexuality. In addition, these meanings can be shaped by dramatic historical change: over the course of the twentieth century, medical and technological changes made fetal development more comprehensible, while political and social changes made the fetus a subject of public controversy. Moreover, since the late nineteenth century, questions about how fetal life develops and should be valued have frequently intersected with debates about the authority of science and religion, and the relationship between the individual and society. In examining the contested history of fetal meanings, Sara Dubow brings a fresh perspective to these vital debates.

Author : Rosalind P. Petchesky
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Social Science
ISBN : UVA:X001847132

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Abortion and Woman's Choice by Rosalind P. Petchesky Pdf

A holistic understanding of abortion from a feminist perspective, including the history of its practice and state policies to contain it; the social, economic, and cultural conditions under which women utilize it; and the legal, moral, and political battles that surround it.

Author : Edd Doerr,James W. Prescott
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Abortion
ISBN : STANFORD:36105061707126

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Abortion Rights and Fetal "personhood" by Edd Doerr,James W. Prescott Pdf

Author : Emma Cave
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2018-01-18
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781351145985

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The Mother of All Crimes by Emma Cave Pdf

This book considers the appropriate response of the criminal law with regard to women whose acts or omissions in pregnancy cause the death or injury of the child born alive. It compares recent developments in English law in the light of the Human Rights Act 1998, with those in America, which has seen an enormous growth in litigation over the last two decades. In England and Wales, the 'born alive rule' is currently applied only to third parties who injure the fetus, which is later born alive and dies as a result of these injuries. In some American states, a rule of similar origins has been extended so as to criminalize recent mothers whose acts or omissions in pregnancy caused injury or death to the resulting child. The author examines the implications of the laws in both systems, and also looks at the rights of the mother and child in relation to the obligations of the state to protect both of them.