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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs. Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Relations
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Energy policy
ISBN : LOC:00161551235
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs. Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Relations
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Grants-in-aid
ISBN : STANFORD:36105117879556
Author : Daphne A. Kenyon,Adam H. Langley,Bethany P. Paquin
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 1558442332
The use of property tax incentives for business by local governments throughout the United States has escalated over the last 50 years. While there is little evidence that these tax incentives are an effective instrument to promote economic development, they cost state and local governments $5 to $10 billion each year in forgone revenue. Three major obstacles can impede the success of property tax incentives as an economic development tool. First, incentives are unlikely to have a significant impact on a firm's profitability since property taxes are a small part of the total costs for most businesses--averaging much less than 1 percent of total costs for the U.S. manufacturing sector. Second, tax breaks are sometimes given to businesses that would have chosen the same location even without the incentives. When this happens, property tax incentives merely deplete the tax base without promoting economic development. Third, widespread use of incentives within a metropolitan area reduces their effectiveness, because when firms can obtain similar tax breaks in most jurisdictions, incentives are less likely to affect business location decisions. This report reviews five types of property tax incentives and examines their characteristics, costs, and effectiveness: property tax abatement programs; tax increment finance; enterprise zones; firm-specific property tax incentives; and property tax exemptions in connection with issuance of industrial development bonds. Alternatives to tax incentives should be considered by policy makers, such as customized job training, labor market intermediaries, and business support services. State and local governments also can pursue a policy of broad-based taxes with low tax rates or adopt split-rate property taxation with lower taxes on buildings than land.State policy makers are in a good position to increase the effectiveness of property tax incentives since they control how local governments use them. For example, states can restrict the use of incentives to certain geographic areas or certain types of facilities; publish information on the use of property tax incentives; conduct studies on their effectiveness; and reduce destructive local tax competition by not reimbursing local governments for revenue they forgo when they award property tax incentives.Local government officials can make wiser use of property tax incentives for business and avoid such incentives when their costs exceed their benefits. Localities should set clear criteria for the types of projects eligible for incentives; limit tax breaks to mobile facilities that export goods or services out of the region; involve tax administrators and other stakeholders in decisions to grant incentives; cooperate on economic development with other jurisdictions in the area; and be clear from the outset that not all businesses that ask for an incentive will receive one.Despite a generally poor record in promoting economic development, property tax incentives continue to be used. The goal is laudable: attracting new businesses to a jurisdiction can increase income or employment, expand the tax base, and revitalize distressed urban areas. In a best case scenario, attracting a large facility can increase worker productivity and draw related firms to the area, creating a positive feedback loop. This report offers recommendations to improve the odds of achieving these economic development goals.
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs. Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Relations
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 672 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Energy policy
ISBN : UCR:31210019225851
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 556 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Finance, Public
ISBN : MINN:20000000968202
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Electronic
ISBN : NWU:35556030634067
Author : United States. Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Intergovernmental fiscal relations
ISBN : IND:30000096929546
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 12 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Income tax
ISBN : MINN:31951D013914451
Author : Anthony G. White
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Tax exemption
ISBN : STANFORD:36105035887392
Author : United States. Congressional Budget Office
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Federal government
ISBN : UCR:31210010692422
Author : Anonim
Publisher : UN-HABITAT
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-12
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789211325652
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations. Intergovernmental Relations and Human Resources Subcommittee
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Electronic
ISBN : UCR:31210024768713
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2017-04-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309452960
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author : United States. Commission on Intergovernmental Relations
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1955
Category : Federal government
ISBN : UOM:39076005965871
Author : United States. Commission on Intergovernmental Relations
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1955
Category : Decentralization in government
ISBN : UIUC:30112101031521