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Forest Diversity and Function by Michael Scherer-Lorenzen,Christian Körner,Ernst-Detlef Schulze Pdf
One of the central research themes in ecology is evaluating the extent to which biological richness is necessary to sustain the Earth's system and the functioning of individual ecosystems. In this volume, for the first time, the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem processes in forests is thoroughly explored. The text examines the multiple effects of tree diversity on productivity and growth, biogeochemical cycles, animals, pests, and disturbances. Further, the importance of diversity at different scales, ranging from stand management to global issues, is considered. The authors provide both extensive reviews of the existing literature and own datasets. The volume is ideally suited for researchers and practitioners involved in ecosystem management and the sustainable use of forest resources.
Forest Diversity and Function by Michael Scherer-Lorenzen,Christian Körner,Ernst-Detlef Schulze Pdf
One of the central research themes in ecology is evaluating the extent to which biological richness is necessary to sustain the Earth's system and the functioning of individual ecosystems. In this volume, for the first time, the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem processes in forests is thoroughly explored. The text examines the multiple effects of tree diversity on productivity and growth, biogeochemical cycles, animals, pests, and disturbances. Further, the importance of diversity at different scales, ranging from stand management to global issues, is considered. The authors provide both extensive reviews of the existing literature and own datasets. The volume is ideally suited for researchers and practitioners involved in ecosystem management and the sustainable use of forest resources.
CHOICE Highly Recommended title, 2022! Forest insects play important roles ecologically and economically. They pollinate plants, decompose dead plant and animal tissue, provide food for vertebrates, regulate pest organisms and shape entire landscapes. Some are considered pests, while others provide usable products. Introduced species may become invasive, while the survival of others is threatened. Forest Insects in Europe: Diversity, Functions and Importance has been written not only with professional entomologists in mind, but also for nature lovers generally. The descriptions of the various roles insects play in forest ecosystems are intended to be easily comprehensible, but still scientific. The book is richly illustrated with attractive photos and contains 580 fascinating colour images of more than 300 different insect and spider species. The German edition was awarded the Prix Moulines by the Swiss Entomological Society in 2019.
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function by Ernst-Detlef Schulze,Harold A. Mooney Pdf
The biota of the earth is being altered at an unprecedented rate. We are witnessing wholesale exchanges of organisms among geographic areas that were once totally biologically isolated. We are seeing massive changes in landscape use that are creating even more abundant succes sional patches, reductions in population sizes, and in the worst cases, losses of species. There are many reasons for concern about these trends. One is that we unfortunately do not know in detail the conse quences of these massive alterations in terms of how the biosphere as a whole operates or even, for that matter, the functioning of localized ecosystems. We do know that the biosphere interacts strongly with the atmospheric composition, contributing to potential climate change. We also know that changes in vegetative cover greatly influence the hydrology and biochemistry ofa site or region. Our knowledge is weak in important details, however. How are the many services that ecosystems provide to humanity altered by modifications of ecosystem composition? Stated in another way, what is the role of individual species in ecosystem function? We are observing the selective as well as wholesale alteration in the composition of ecosystems. Do these alterations matter in respect to how ecosystems operate and provide services? This book represents the initial probing of this central ques tion. It will be followed by other volumes in this series examining in depth the functional role of biodiversity in various ecosystems of the world.
Islands by Peter Vitousek,Lloyd L. Loope,Hennig Adsersen Pdf
Oceanic islands represent a set of systems in which biological diversity varies as a consequence of remoteness or size, not environment; they are also generally simpler than continental ecosystems. Islands therefore provide an opportunity to determine the direct effects of biological diversity on ecosystem function. The volume addresses the components of biological diversity on islands and their patterns of variation; the modern threats to the maintenance of biological diversity on islands; the consequences of island biology and its modification by humanity regarding aspects of ecosystem function; the global implications of islands for conservation; and how islands can help one to understand the processes inducing changes throughout the world.
Policy and Practices for Biodiversity in Managed Forests by Fred Bunnell Pdf
Is it possible to sustain biological diversity in managed forests? Or should biodiversity strategies focus solely on reserves and protected areas? A group of well-known scientists specializing in forestry issues apply scientific expertise to the "hot politics" of the forestry debate and present compelling evidence as to the sustainability of biological diversity in managed forests.
Functional Roles of Biodiversity by Harold A. Mooney Pdf
Biodiversity refers to the three attributes of living environments: the variety of distinct ecosystems they contain; the number of species within them; and the range of genetic diversity within the populations of each of these species. This book presents a synthesis of ideas emerging from 15 biome-specific workshops exploring our current knowledge of the effects of biodiversity on ecosystem processes. The contributions offer an assessment of the consequences of human activities at the ecosystem level and provide an appropriate framework for making future policy decisions.
Biodiversity, Ecosystem Functioning, and Human Wellbeing by Shahid Naeem,Daniel E. Bunker,Andy Hector,Michel Loreau,Charles Perrings Pdf
The book starts by summarizing the development of the basic science and provides a meta-analysis that quantitatively tests several biodiversity and ecosystem functioning hypotheses.
Conserving Forest Diversity through Ecosystem Management by David R. Patton,Bruce E. Fox,John D. Bailey Pdf
Forestry, wildlife, and other natural-resource professionals manage ecosystems. Ecosystems bring together diversity in a way that considers all life-forms within a unified system. Patton, Fox, and Bailey present introductory students with an integrated, balanced approach to ecosystem management based on the concept of diversity—a natural phenomenon of life with different levels of recognition that can change over time and space. Applying decades of teaching, research, and management experience, the authors introduce readers to each major life-form. Sections on significant forces that have shaped our landscape and how it is managed orient students in the field. Insightful approaches to the planning process are highlighted. Specific instruction on effective management practices includes inventory design, decision support system development, and database organization. Carefully curated library recommendations and appendices comprised of invaluable data sets prepare readers to navigate an extremely complex planning environment. Data from Appendix A can be downloaded here.
Old-Growth Forests by Christian Wirth,Gerd Gleixner,Martin Heimann Pdf
Many terms often used to describe old-growth forests imply that these forests are less vigorous, less productive and less stable than younger forests. But research in the last two decades has yielded results that challenge the view of old-growth forests being in decline. Given the importance of forests in battling climate change and the fact that old-growth forests are shrinking at a rate of 0.5% per year, these new results have come not a moment too soon. This book is the first ever to focus on the ecosystem functioning of old-growth forests. It is an exhaustive compendium of information that contains original work conducted by the authors. In addition, it is truly global in scope as it studies boreal forests in Canada, temperate old-growth forests in Europe and the Americas, and global tropical forests. Written in part to affect future policy, this eminently readable book is as useful for the scientist and student as it is for the politician and politically-interested layman.
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning by Michel Loreau,Shahid Naeem,Pablo Inchausti Pdf
Increasing domination of ecosystems by humans is steadily transforming them into depauperate systems. How will this loss of biodiversity affect the functioning and stability of natural and managed ecosystems? This work provides comprehensive coverage of empirical and theoretical research.
Diversity and Dynamics in Forest Ecosystems by Munesh Kumar,Nazir A. Pala,Jahangeer A. Bhat Pdf
Providing a wealth of in-depth knowledge of forest ecosystems, this new volume explores a collection of important topics on forest community dynamics. It looks at the diversity of forest ecosystems and explores such aspects as forest products in enhancing local livelihoods and community participation, forage production, forest conservation and sustainable management, regeneration patterns, seed handling, and more. Chapters in Diversity and Dynamics in Forest Ecosystems present new research on forest products, livelihood generation mechanisms of forest-dependent communities, utilization patterns of untapped resources from forests, and the structure of different ecosystems from the tropical to the temperate landscape. This book also features different drivers of community dynamics, such as the role of seed handling in forests, the influence of altitudinal variations, and protected and community-conserved forests on the forest diversity. Chapters also consider the role of nontimber forest products and their significance in livelihood diversification for tribal communities and forage crop genetic resources, and forest resource extraction by forest fringe dwellers. Also explored are aspects of soil organic carbon in agroforestry systems and integrated approaches of sustainable agroforestry development in diverse forest ecosystems. This edition also examines the vegetation structure and regeneration aspects of timberline zone, including diversity of herbaceous flora along the altitudinal gradient. The abundance of in-depth knowledge of the diversity and dynamics of forest ecosystems in this volume will be valuable in conservation and management of forests, which play an important role in the world environment. Forests are presently facing multiple disturbances, and this volume will help forestry professionals and others formulate further strategies to mitigate global climate change and other challenges.
Forest Environment and Biodiversity by Mahesh Prasad Singh,J. K. Singh,Reena Mohanka Pdf
Forests play important role in combating desertification, preventing erosion problems, other protective functions, climatic change and acting as carbon reservoirs and sinks. Forests, the biodiversity they contain and the ecological function they maintain, are a heritage of mankind. The vital role of forests in protecting fragile ecosystems, watersheds and freshwater reservoirs and as storehouses of rich biodiversity should be recognized. Forests contain not only woody species and wild animals but also a wealth of other species of actual or potentially socio-economic importance at the global, national and local levels, including wild relatives of important crop species. Biodiversity is the variety and variability of plant, animal and micro organism in a ecosystem. Biodiversity, in wild and domesticated forms, is the source for most of humanity food, medicine, clothing and housing, most of the cultural diversity and most of the intellectual and spiritual inspirations. In other words, it is the very basis of man s being. Currently, there is severe and widespread loss of biodiversity because of a variety of factors and therefore its conservation is of utmost importance. Conservation and development are partners in the process of environmental protection. To maintain and increase the ecological, biological, climatic, socio-cultural and economic contributions of forests, their conservation and management are urgently required. Biological diversity (biodiversity) is also to be preserved to achieve sustainable development. The book is a sincere effort of the authors to provide compiled information on the subject matter of forest environment and diversity. It includes the impact of forests on environment, basic concept, status and extent of biodiversity, its loss and suggests ways and means of conservation for achieving sustainable development. Contents Chapter 1: Introduction; Chapter 2: Land Use, Forest Area and Population; Chapter 3: History of Forestry in India; Chapter 4: Ecological Perceptions; Chapter 5: Ecology of Indian Forests; Chapter 6: Forests and Environments; Chapter 7: Ecosystem Theory and Application; Chapter 8: Forests and Environment: Soil Erosion and Floods; Chapter 9: Wildlife and Biosphere Reserves; Chapter 10: Atmosphere; Chapter 11: Socio-Economic Effects and Constraints; Chapter 12: Women and Environment; Chapter 13: Macro Issues: Pressure on Forests; Chapter 14: Forestry and Rural Development; Chapter 15: Peoples Participation in Afforestation; Chapter 16: Environmental Considerations; Chapter 17: The Environmental Scenario; Chapter 18: Environmental Problems; Chapter 19: Introduction to Environmental Impact Assessment; Chapter 20: Methods of Impact Analysis; Chapter 21: Some Case Studies of Environmental Impact Assessment; Chapter 22: Pollution: An Appraisal; Chapter 23: Air Pollution; Chapter 24: Water Pollution; Chapter 25: Biological Diversity; Chapter 26: Management of Forests for Wildlife; Chapter 27: Conservation of Biodiversity; Chapter 28: Action Plan for National Biodiversity Strategy; Chapter 29: Social Biota for Biodiversity; Chapter 30: Biodiversity Loss and Threat; Chapter 31: Biological Diversity Convention; Chapter 32: Conservation of Biodiversity in Indian Scenario; Chapter 33: Diversity in Community; Chapter 34: Bioresources Protection; Chapter 35: Biodiversity of Threatened Species of Medicinal Plants in India: An Appraisal; Chapter 36: Vegetative Propagation; Chapter 37: Tree Improvement through Biotechnological Tools; Chapter 38: Forest Resources and its Management; Chapter 39: Production and Receipt of Forest Products. C
Assessment of Biodiversity for Improved Forest Planning by Peter Bachmann,Michael Köhl,Risto Päivinen Pdf
The `Global Biodiversity Strategy' signed in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, and the resolutions at the Ministerial Conferences on the Protection of Forests in Europe in Strasbourg, 1990, and Helsinki, 1993, commit the signatory states to monitor nationally the state of biodiversity and to sustain the characteristic natural variation in the country. Sustainability and long-term planning are the two terms best describing the philosophy of traditional forest management practices. However, the traditional planning techniques are not primarily developed to maintain sustainability of biodiversity. The gap between the international commitments and the practices in forest assessment and management is obvious. This publication presents experience in methodology for assessing and monitoring the variation of ecosystems and habitats in relation to biodiversity conservation and for integrating biodiversity in regional planning of forest management and land use. The state of the art in the field of natural resource assessments with special reference to forest biodiversity is reviewed, progress in integrating data on biodiversity in forest management planning is presented and the information needs regarding biodiversity conservation and the question to what degree assessment methods for forest biodiversity can be simplified for practical applications are discussed. The book is intended for researchers and practitioners in the field of forest and environmental planning and environmental policies.