Foundations Of The Neuron Doctrine

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Foundations of the Neuron Doctrine

Author : Gordon M. Shepherd
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2015-11-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780190259389

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Foundations of the Neuron Doctrine by Gordon M. Shepherd Pdf

Cover -- Foundations of the Neuron Doctrine -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface to the 25th Anniversary Edition -- Preface to the Original Publication -- Commentaries on the "Neuron Doctrine"--Cajal, Golgi, and Ariadne's Thread-Marina Bentivoglio -- Reflections on the Neuron Doctrine-Javier DeFelipe -- The Neuron Doctrine Revisited: A Personal Account-Sten Grillner -- Camillo Golgi, Foundations of the Neuron Doctrine, and the History of Neuroscience-Paolo Mazzarello -- Some Reflections on the Neuron Doctrine-Larry Swanson -- Back to Golgi? Neural Networks as a New Paradigm for Brain Circuits-Rafael Yuste -- 1. Introduction -- 2. From the Beginnings to the Cell Theory -- 3. Do Nerve Cells Belong in the Cell Theory? -- 4. Nerve Cells or Nerve Nets? -- 5. KÖlliker Gives In -- 6. Support Builds for Networks -- 7. The Nerve Cell Studies of Freud -- 8. The Revolutionary Method of Golgi -- 9. A Neuron Theory Begins to Take Form: His, Forel, Nansen -- 10. Ramón y Cajal: The Shock of Recognition -- 11. The Early Discoveries of Cajal -- 12. The Laws of Cajal -- 13. Joining the Mainstream -- 14. The Neuron Doctrine -- 15. The Law of Dynamic Polarization -- 16. Controversy -- 17. The Synapse and the Growth Cone -- 18. Forging a Consensus -- 19. Confrontation in Stockholm -- 20. Modern Revisions of the Neuron Doctrine -- References -- Index.

Foundations of Neuroscience

Author : Marcus Jacobson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1993-09-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0306445409

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Foundations of Neuroscience by Marcus Jacobson Pdf

The author makes a unique contribution to the field by discussing the history and philosophy of the neurosciences, and then developing critical approaches which integrate techniques, theory, and ethics. Taken as a whole, Jacobson's work will provide a coherent and humane framework for future research programs. The paperback edition of this highly successful text, first published in 1993, is now available! The author brings the ethics of neuroscience into a closer relationship with empirical research. Covering the field's history, philosophy, theories, and techniques, this volume provides the necessary moral and ethical framework to evaluate neuroscience research.

The Neuron in Context

Author : Vanessa Lux
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2024-04-26
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 3031552288

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The Neuron in Context by Vanessa Lux Pdf

Neuroscience has largely abandoned its localizationist and mechanistic framework of the 20th century. The plastic, embodied, and network character of our nervous system is widely acknowledged and systems theory approaches to consciousness dominate the field. However, the underlying neuron theory has not changed. The neuron doctrine, conceptualizing the single neuron as atomistic, one-directional source of neural function, still provides the template for our understanding of these basic elements of our nervous system and the material foundation of consciousness. Yet, the single neuron does not exist as an isolated unit. It is embedded within multiple cellular, structural, and functional contexts, and highly depends on them for its development, neural activity, and survival. The book discusses the constraints of the neuron doctrine and its pragmatic reductionism in the light of the growing knowledge about the brain’s connectivity, plasticity, and systemic and embodied nature. To overcome these constraints, the author argues for a new neuron theory, depicting the neuron as bidirectional hub which is at the same time source and product of neural function. This bidirectionality is further characterized by spatial and time dimensions, placing the neuron within a multi-level pathway model of psychobiological development from the perspective of Developmental Embodiment Research. Furthermore, the author discusses the potential of neuroepigenetic markers to characterize the neuron and its range of plasticity within this developmental perspective.With its focus on neuroepigenetics, the book addresses a knowledge gap in the current study of the neural foundations of psychological functions. The multi-level and bidirectional perspective is already realized in approaches coming from developmental systems theory, which model neural function at the connectome level, and it also fits with approaches investigating feedback loops underlying neural activity at the single cell level. At both these levels, the spatial and the time dimensions are well characterized, either as changing connectivity patterns across different age groups, or as synaptic feedback loops underlying neural activation patterns. However, for the intermediate level of small neural populations, which is currently the main target for studies investigating the neural basis of specific psychological functions, this characterization turned out to be more challenging. Multi-cell recordings have provided a first glimpse into the complex interaction patterns of these small neural networks, but they are limited to the recording period and do not provide information about the long-term developmental and activation history. Here, neuroepigenetic markers could be of use. Due to their relative stability and, at the same time, environmental sensitivity, neuroepigenetic markers represent an additional layer of information in which, to a certain degree, the cell’s metabolic and activation history is aggregated over time. This information is available at the single neuron level but could also be modeled as aggregated information for small neural populations and the supporting cellular context. Looking through this “epigenetic lens” adds to our understanding of the neuron as bidirectional hub by emphasizing the molecular correlates of functional stabilization and their contextual prerequisites. These prerequisites reach from the immediate cellular context to the social-cultural contexts which shape the culturally specific modes of acquisition of psychological functions throughout the lifespan. Accounting for this multilayered contextuality of the neuron and its function affords to repositions the relationship between neuroscience and psychology in their joint effort to unravel the material basis of consciousness. This provides new challenges but also new perspectives for theoretical psychology. The book presents these current developments and debates to researchers, graduate students, and interested professionals and practitioners working in neuroscience, epigenetics, psychiatry, psychology and psychotherapy. It also provides a basic introduction into neuroepigenetics, its mechanisms, and first findings for graduate students as well as interested professionals and practitioners working in psychiatry, psychology, and psychotherapy.

Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience

Author : M. R. Bennett,P. M. S. Hacker
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 564 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2022-03-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781119530978

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Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience by M. R. Bennett,P. M. S. Hacker Pdf

The second edition of the seminal work in the field—revised, updated, and extended In Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience, M.R. Bennett and P.M.S. Hacker outline and address the conceptual confusions encountered in various neuroscientific and psychological theories. The result of a collaboration between an esteemed philosopher and a distinguished neuroscientist, this remarkable volume presents an interdisciplinary critique of many of the neuroscientific and psychological foundations of modern cognitive neuroscience. The authors point out conceptual entanglements in a broad range of major neuroscientific and psychological theories—including those of such neuroscientists as Blakemore, Crick, Damasio, Dehaene, Edelman, Gazzaniga, Kandel, Kosslyn, LeDoux, Libet, Penrose, Posner, Raichle and Tononi, as well as psychologists such as Baar, Frith, Glynn, Gregory, William James, Weiskrantz, and biologists such as Dawkins, Humphreys, and Young. Confusions arising from the work of philosophers such as Dennett, Chalmers, Churchland, Nagel and Searle are subjected to detailed criticism. These criticisms are complemented by constructive analyses of the major cognitive, cogitative, emotional and volitional attributes that lie at the heart of cognitive neuroscientific research. Now in its second edition, this groundbreaking work has been exhaustively revised and updated to address current issues and critiques. New discussions offer insight into functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the notions of information and representation, conflict monitoring and the executive, minimal states of consciousness, integrated information theory and global workspace theory. The authors also reply to criticisms of the fundamental arguments posed in the first edition, defending their conclusions regarding mereological fallacy, the necessity of distinguishing between empirical and conceptual questions, the mind-body problem, and more. Essential as both a comprehensive reference work and as an up-to-date critical review of cognitive neuroscience, this landmark volume: Provides a scientifically and philosophically informed survey of the conceptual problems in a wide variety of neuroscientific theories Offers a clear and accessible presentation of the subject, minimizing the use of complex philosophical and scientific jargon Discusses how the ways the brain relates to the mind affect the intelligibility of neuroscientific research Includes fresh insights on mind-body and mind-brain relations, and on the relation between the notion of person and human being Features more than 100 new pages and a wealth of additional diagrams, charts, and tables Continuing to challenge and educate readers like no other book on the subject, the second edition of Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience is required reading not only for neuroscientists, psychologists, and philosophers, but also for academics, researchers, and students involved in the study of the mind and consciousness.

Cajal's Neuronal Forest

Author : Javier DeFelipe
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 513 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780190842833

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Cajal's Neuronal Forest by Javier DeFelipe Pdf

Cajal's Neuronal Forest: Science and Art continues the tradition set forth by its sister volume Cajal's Butterflies of the Soul (OUP, 2009). This new collection contains hundreds of beautiful rarely-seen-before figures produced throughout the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century by famed father-of-modern-neuroscience Santiago Ram n y Cajal (1852-1934) and his contemporaries. Cajal was captivated by the beautiful shapes of the cells of the nervous system. He and his fellow scientists saw neurons as trees and glial cells as bushes. Given their high density and arrangement, neurons and glial resembled a thick forest, a seemingly impenetrable terrain of interacting cells mediating cognition and behavior. In unraveling the mysteries of the brain, these researchers encountered an almost infinite number of cellular forms with an extraordinary beauty, which they could not help but put pen to paper, allowing them to discover a new artistic world- the neuronal forest- that gave free rein not only to their imagination, but to a new way of viewing the brain as well. This book has been divided into two parts. The first focuses on the scientific atmosphere in Cajal's times, on the history of the neuron, and the anatomical challenge posed in studying neuronal connections. It also delves into the artistic skills of Cajal and other important pioneers in neuroscience and how the neuronal forests have served as an unlimited source of artistic inspiration. The second consists of 275 original drawings by Cajal. All were published over the course of his scientific career and cover virtually all of his research fields of interest, including the spinal cord, the optic lobe and retina, cerebral cortex, and many other regions of the brain. Cajal's Neuronal Forest: Science and Art is a testament to the natural beauty found in science. Despite the common misconception that the drawings of Cajal and other scientists of the time are pieces of art, these drawings are in fact copies of histological preparations and contributed greatly to the discoveries made in the field of neuroscience. This book is a gem in any library, whether serving as a medical history or a gallery of stunning sketches.

New Ideas on the Structure of the Nervous System in Man and Vertebrates

Author : Santiago Ramón y Cajal
Publisher : Mit Press
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Medical
ISBN : 026218141X

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New Ideas on the Structure of the Nervous System in Man and Vertebrates by Santiago Ramón y Cajal Pdf

Santiago Ramon y Cajal (1852-1934) is widely thought of as the founder of modern neuroscience; and his work is more frequently cited than that of any other scientist in the field. In this seminal book, Cajal summarized for a broad audience the modem cellular view of brain organization. This clear, direct, and accurate translation provides an excellent introduction to Cajal's work, making accessible for the first time the ideas that led Cajal to favor the neuron doctrine that revolutionized neuroscience and won for him (with his rival, Camillo Golgi) the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1906. New Ideas on the Structure of the Nervous System in Man and Vertebrates presents the histological evidence for the laws governing the form and connections of nerve cells. This work and the principles that emerged from it formed the cornerstone for our current understanding of how the nervous system is organized. The book also presents in simplified form the ideas contained in Cajal's famous survey of vertebrate neurohistology, Histologie du Systeme Nerveux de l'Homme et des Vertebres, unquestionably the most important book ever published in neuroanatomy, and which to this day has not been translated and published in English because of its extraordinary length. Neely Swanson is a scholar of romance languages. Larry W. Swanson is Senior Member of the Salk Institute, Adjunct Professor in the Department of Neurosciences at the University of California, San Diego, and Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

Fundamental Neuroscience

Author : Larry Squire,Darwin Berg,Floyd E. Bloom,Sascha du Lac,Anirvan Ghosh,Nicholas C. Spitzer,Larry R. Squire
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 1277 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2008-04-02
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780080561028

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Fundamental Neuroscience by Larry Squire,Darwin Berg,Floyd E. Bloom,Sascha du Lac,Anirvan Ghosh,Nicholas C. Spitzer,Larry R. Squire Pdf

Fundamental Neuroscience, Third Edition introduces graduate and upper-level undergraduate students to the full range of contemporary neuroscience. Addressing instructor and student feedback on the previous edition, all of the chapters are rewritten to make this book more concise and student-friendly than ever before. Each chapter is once again heavily illustrated and provides clinical boxes describing experiments, disorders, and methodological approaches and concepts.Capturing the promise and excitement of this fast-moving field, Fundamental Neuroscience, 3rd Edition is the text that students will be able to reference throughout their neuroscience careers! 30% new material including new chapters on Dendritic Development and Spine Morphogenesis, Chemical Senses, Cerebellum, Eye Movements, Circadian Timing, Sleep and Dreaming, and Consciousness Additional text boxes describing key experiments, disorders, methods, and concepts Multiple model system coverage beyond rats, mice, and monkeys Extensively expanded index for easier referencing

Cognition and Neural Development

Author : Don Tucker,Phan Luu
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2012-11-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199838523

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Cognition and Neural Development by Don Tucker,Phan Luu Pdf

Scientific research shows how experience shapes the organization of the human brain through mechanisms of neural plasticity. To understand this plasticity, it is important to examine the developmental mechanisms through which the brain grows from a single cell to achieve the complex architecture of the fully developed human brain. Cognition and Neural Development examines the embryonic development of the brain to appreciate the dimensions of developmental momentum that shape the neural and psychological development of our lives. It provides new insights into the evolutionary-developmental basis of human psychological function.

Golgi

Author : Paolo Mazzarello
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : STANFORD:36105133013693

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Golgi by Paolo Mazzarello Pdf

The life of Camillo Golgi was an extraordinary intellectual adventure in three major fields of biology and medicine, namely neuroscience, emerging cell biology, and the new science of medical microbiology. in 1873, Golgi published the description of a revolutionary histological technique which allowed one, for the first time, to visualize a single nerve cell with all its ramifications, and which could be followed and analyzed even at a great distance from the cell bodies. The so-called "black reaction" (later named the "Golgi method") provided the spark to a truly scientific revolution which allowed the morphology and the basic architecture of the cerebral tissue to be evidenced in all its complexity, thus contributing to the foundation of modern neuroscience. It has been written that, in the same way Galileo Galilei was able to find new stars observing any sky region with his telescope. Golgi was able to find new nervous structures and nerve cells by applying his black reaction to any brain region. Finally, the details of the most complex structure in the known universe, the brain, could be characterized. Golgi's black reaction is just one of his many successes and contributions to society. As this book illustrates, he has also strongly contributed to the development of cell biology with the "internal reticular apparatus" (later called the "Golgi apparatus") and to medical microbiology with his studies on malaria. Engrossing and authoritative, Golgi: A Biography of the Founder of Modern Neuroscience, is a detailed account of one of the most prominent European researchers of his time.

Principles of Neurobiology

Author : Liqun Luo
Publisher : Garland Science
Page : 761 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2020-09-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000096804

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Principles of Neurobiology by Liqun Luo Pdf

Principles of Neurobiology, Second Edition presents the major concepts of neuroscience with an emphasis on how we know what we know. The text is organized around a series of key experiments to illustrate how scientific progress is made and helps upper-level undergraduate and graduate students discover the relevant primary literature. Written by a single author in a clear and consistent writing style, each topic builds in complexity from electrophysiology to molecular genetics to systems level in a highly integrative approach. Students can fully engage with the content via thematically linked chapters and will be able to read the book in its entirety in a semester-long course. Principles of Neurobiology is accompanied by a rich package of online student and instructor resources including animations, figures in PowerPoint, and a Question Bank for adopting instructors.

Cajal's Degeneration and Regeneration of the Nervous System

Author : Santiago Ramón y Cajal
Publisher : History of Neuroscience
Page : 977 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Nervous system
ISBN : 9780195065169

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Cajal's Degeneration and Regeneration of the Nervous System by Santiago Ramón y Cajal Pdf

This book is a reprint of an English translation of Cajal's original work, with abundant notes and commentaries by the editor. This text describes Cajal's fundamental contributions to neuroscience, which continue to be important today. It accurately details Cajal's ideas and data, and providesreaders with the opportunity to learn what Cajal thought about his research career and the significance of his observations. Excerpts from Tello's memorial lectures also provide a contemporary view of Cajal's work.

The Idea of the Brain

Author : Matthew Cobb
Publisher : Basic Books
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2020-04-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781541646865

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The Idea of the Brain by Matthew Cobb Pdf

An "elegant", "engrossing" (Carol Tavris, Wall Street Journal) examination of what we think we know about the brain and why -- despite technological advances -- the workings of our most essential organ remain a mystery. "I cannot recommend this book strongly enough."--Henry Marsh, author of Do No Harm For thousands of years, thinkers and scientists have tried to understand what the brain does. Yet, despite the astonishing discoveries of science, we still have only the vaguest idea of how the brain works. In The Idea of the Brain, scientist and historian Matthew Cobb traces how our conception of the brain has evolved over the centuries. Although it might seem to be a story of ever-increasing knowledge of biology, Cobb shows how our ideas about the brain have been shaped by each era's most significant technologies. Today we might think the brain is like a supercomputer. In the past, it has been compared to a telegraph, a telephone exchange, or some kind of hydraulic system. What will we think the brain is like tomorrow, when new technology arises? The result is an essential read for anyone interested in the complex processes that drive science and the forces that have shaped our marvelous brains.

Handbook of Brain Microcircuits

Author : Gordon M. Shepherd,Sten Grillner
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 625 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780190636111

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Handbook of Brain Microcircuits by Gordon M. Shepherd,Sten Grillner Pdf

In order to focus on principles, each chapter in this work is brief, organized around 1-3 wiring diagrams of the key circuits, with several pages of text that distil the functional significance of each microcircuit

The Beautiful Brain

Author : Larry W. Swanson,Eric Newman,Alfonso Araque,Janet M. Dubinsky
Publisher : Abrams
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2017-01-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781613129944

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The Beautiful Brain by Larry W. Swanson,Eric Newman,Alfonso Araque,Janet M. Dubinsky Pdf

At the crossroads of art and science, Beautiful Brain presents Nobel Laureate Santiago Ramón y Cajal’s contributions to neuroscience through his groundbreaking artistic brain imagery. Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852–1934) was the father of modern neuroscience and an exceptional artist. He devoted his life to the anatomy of the brain, the body’s most complex and mysterious organ. His superhuman feats of visualization, based on fanatically precise techniques and countless hours at the microscope, resulted in some of the most remarkable illustrations in the history of science. Beautiful Brain presents a selection of his exquisite drawings of brain cells, brain regions, and neural circuits with accessible descriptive commentary. These drawings are explored from multiple perspectives: Larry W. Swanson describes Cajal’s contributions to neuroscience; Lyndel King and Eric Himmel explore his artistic roots and achievement; Eric A. Newman provides commentary on the drawings; and Janet M. Dubinsky describes contemporary neuroscience imaging techniques. This book is the companion to a traveling exhibition opening at the Weisman Art Museum in Minneapolis in February 2017, marking the first time that many of these works, which are housed at the Instituto Cajal in Madrid, have been seen outside of Spain. Beautiful Brain showcases Cajal’s contributions to neuroscience, explores his artistic roots and achievement, and looks at his work in relation to contemporary neuroscience imaging, appealing to general readers and professionals alike.

Astrocytes and Epilepsy

Author : Jacqueline A. Hubbard,Devin K. Binder
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2016-07-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128026243

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Astrocytes and Epilepsy by Jacqueline A. Hubbard,Devin K. Binder Pdf

Epilepsy is a devastating group of neurological disorders characterized by periodic and unpredictable seizure activity in the brain. There is a critical need for new drugs and approaches given than at least one-third of all epilepsy patients are not made free of seizures by existing medications and become "medically refractory". Much of epilepsy research has focused on neuronal therapeutic targets, but current antiepileptic drugs often cause severe cognitive, developmental, and behavioral side effects. Recent findings indicate a critical contribution of astrocytes, star-shaped glial cells in the brain, to neuronal and network excitability and seizure activity. Furthermore, many important cellular and molecular changes occur in astrocytes in epileptic tissue in both humans and animal models of epilepsy. The goal of Astrocytes and Epilepsy is to comprehensively review exciting findings linking changes in astrocytes to functional changes responsible for epilepsy for the first time in book format. These insights into astrocyte contribution to seizure susceptibility indicate that astrocytes may represent an important new therapeutic target in the control of epilepsy. Astrocytes and Epilepsy includes background explanatory text on astrocyte morphology and physiology, epilepsy models and syndromes, and evidence from both human tissue studies and animal models linking functional changes in astrocytes to epilepsy. Beautifully labelled diagrams are presented and relevant figures from the literature are reproduced to elucidate key findings and concepts in this rapidly emerging field. Astrocytes and Epilepsy is written for neuroscientists, epilepsy researchers, astrocyte investigators as well as neurologists and other specialists caring for patients with epilepsy. Presents the first comprehensive book to synthesize historical and recent research on astrocytes and epilepsy into one coherent volume Provides a great resource on the field of astrocyte biology and astrocyte-neuron interactions Details potential therapeutic targets, including chapters on gap junctions, water and potassium channels, glutamate and adenosine metabolism, and inflammation