Freedom Of Speech Or Defamation Expressing Yourself On The Web
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Freedom of Speech or Defamation? Expressing Yourself on the Web by Jason Porterfield Pdf
Digital communicationparticularly via social networking siteshas quickly become a dominant form of interaction in our society and worldwide. The instantaneous convenience of conversation and dialog with friends down the street or strangers halfway across the globe is a wondrous technological development and one with enormous potential for relationship-strengthening, idea-sharing, and community-building. Yet the anonymity of digital communication and self-expression also provides some users with a false sense of impunity. They feel encouraged to say things they wouldn't say in a face-to-face encounter. Some of these posts can be bullying; some can involve hate speech or defamation. Readers will walk the line that separates harsh but legitimate criticism, which is protected by free speech provisions of the Constitution, from defamation and other illegal forms of expression. They also wade into these troubled waters, sort through the major legal precedents, and are provided with some invaluable guidelines to follow when expressing themselves or communicating with others via the Internet.
Protecting the right to freedom of expression under the European Convention on Human Rights by Bychawska-Siniarska, Dominika Pdf
European Convention on Human Rights – Article 10 – Freedom of expression 1. Everyone has the right to freedom of expression. This right shall include freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart information and ideas without interference by public authority and regardless of frontiers. This article shall not prevent States from requiring the licensing of broadcasting, television or cinema enterprises. 2. The exercise of these freedoms, since it carries with it duties and responsibilities, may be subject to such formalities, conditions, restrictions or penalties as are prescribed by law and are necessary in a democratic society, in the interests of national security, territorial integrity or public safety, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health or morals, for the protection of the reputation or rights of others, for preventing the disclosure of information received in confidence, or for maintaining the authority and impartiality of the judiciary. In the context of an effective democracy and respect for human rights mentioned in the Preamble to the European Convention on Human Rights, freedom of expression is not only important in its own right, but it also plays a central part in the protection of other rights under the Convention. Without a broad guarantee of the right to freedom of expression protected by independent and impartial courts, there is no free country, there is no democracy. This general proposition is undeniable. This handbook is a practical tool for legal professionals from Council of Europe member states who wish to strengthen their skills in applying the European Convention on Human Rights and the case law of the European Court of Human Rights in their daily work.
Careers in Undercover Gang Investigation by Jason Porterfield Pdf
This book explains exactly what personality type is needed and what sorts of physical, emotional, and psychological skills are required for a career in undercover law enforcement.
The Distortion of Facts in the Digital Age by Larry Gerber Pdf
Explains what disinformation is, why and how people distort facts, the difference between fact and opinion, and how to deal with the distortion of facts in online information.
Each year, the sense of urgency to halt the growth of cyberbullying increases. As more cyberbullying cases and their consequences are brought to national attention, many states are instituting anti-bullying legislation. In addition, many people are calling for stronger legal penalties for bullying behaviors. The role of American law in protecting young people in cyberspace is explained as well as how laws related to bullying are being interpreted in court cases. Teens learn what rights they have, what powers schools possess, and what parts of the law are still in flux. Perhaps most important, they learn how to be activists rather than victims, effectively advocating for themselves and others.
Blogger or Journalist? Evaluating What Is the Press in the Digital Age by Tracy Brown Pdf
From the Introduction: The days of relying on the newspaper delivery boy to deliver information to households are long over. The Internet and mobile phone technologies have changed how information is gathered and delivered in ways that can't be overstated. They have allowed people worldwide to gather, share, and access news as it's happening. The Internet and sites such as Facebook and YouTube have made it possible for anyone to reach a broad, global audience and for anyone with a computer to be a news provider. There is an enormous amount of content available online, on just about any topic. Viewers and readers must weed through this information to find sources that they trust and that they can rely on, in the same way that people read their daily paper or watch their favorite television news broadcast. The difference is the people who write for newspapers or television news are journalists-people whose job it is to research and deliver news to the public. When you go online, you find content from lots of different people, many of whom are not actual journalists, but interested citizens who want to share information with the public, much like journalists do. These non-journalists include writers of blogs and producers of independent news stories-people who are not working for official media outlets like established news channels or publications. Here, we will look at the differences between journalists and this new breed of news providers. We will discuss what professional standards journalists must follow that bloggers are not bound to, as well as what laws protect journalists but do not offer the same protection for non-journalists. Also discussed will be the roles different types of news providers serve in society, and how our definition of journalism is changing. The purpose is to help consumers of online news better understand where the news they read is coming from, what news they can trust, how to tell the difference between fact and opinion, and how to put together everything they read to form their own ideas about current events-and then perhaps even to share their ideas in their own online publications or blogs.
Defamation and Freedom of Speech by Dario Milo Pdf
The book examines the law of defamation, and argues that it must be reformed in a number of ways in order to balance two important constitutional rights, the right to reputation and the right to freedom of expression. The book analyses how far the media and others should be entitled to go in reporting on important matters of public interest in society, such as corruption and misconduct in public office. It also examines where the line should be drawn between a public figure's public and private life.
Draft Defamation Bill by Great Britain: Ministry of Justice Pdf
This consultation paper sets out the Government's proposals for reform of the law on defamation, aiming to achieve balance between protection of freedom of speech and the protection of reputation. The Government wants to ensure that the threat of libel proceedings is not used to frustrate robust scientific and academic debate, or to impede responsible investigative journalism and the valuable work undertaken by nongovernmental organisations. Issues included in the draft Bill are as follows: a new requirement that a statement must have caused substantial harm in order for it to be defamatory; a new statutory defence of responsible publication on matters of public interest; a statutory defence of truth (replacing the current common law defence of justification); a statutory defence of honest opinion (replacing the current common law defence of fair/honest comment); provisions updating and extending the circumstances in which the defences of absolute and qualified privilege are available; introduction of a single publication rule to prevent an action being brought in relation to publication of the same material by the same publisher after a one year limitation period has passed; action to address libel tourism by ensuring a court will not accept jurisdiction unless satisfied that England and Wales is clearly the most appropriate place to bring an action against someone who is not domiciled in the UK or an EU Member State; removal of the presumption in favour of jury trial, so that the judge would have a discretion to order jury trial where it is in the interests of justice.
Technological advancement saves time, ease of mobility, providing better communication means, cost efficiency, improved banking, better learning techniques, though safety and security are still questionable in aspects mentioned above. Cyber-attacks, crime, fraudulent are still increasing in recent years. Today, cyber security is widely viewed as a matter of pressing national importance. Many elements of cyberspace are notoriously vulnerable to an expanding range of attacks by a spectrum of hackers, criminals and terrorists. This book aims to collect the information both thematic as well as research-oriented from various personnel working in the various fields having different experiences to provide the essentials regarding what Cyber security is really about and not the perception of it being related purely to hacking activity. It will provide the fundamental considerations for those who are interested in or thinking of changing career into the field of Cyber Security. It will also improve a reader’s understanding of key terminology commonly used, nowadays, surrounding internet issues as they arise. The focus of the authors of various chapters in this book is on cyber security, cyber attacks, cyber crime, cloud security, cyber law, protection of women and children in cyber world & cyber space, analysis of cyber feminist campaign, data privacy and security issues in cloud computing, Mobile or Media addiction, Ransomewares, social networking, threats and impacts of cyber security.
Free Speech and the Regulation of Social Media Content by Valerie C. Brannon Pdf
As the Supreme Court has recognized, social media sites like Facebook and Twitter have become important venues for users to exercise free speech rights protected under the First Amendment. Commentators and legislators, however, have questioned whether these social media platforms are living up to their reputation as digital public forums. Some have expressed concern that these sites are not doing enough to counter violent or false speech. At the same time, many argue that the platforms are unfairly banning and restricting access to potentially valuable speech. Currently, federal law does not offer much recourse for social media users who seek to challenge a social media provider's decision about whether and how to present a user's content. Lawsuits predicated on these sites' decisions to host or remove content have been largely unsuccessful, facing at least two significant barriers under existing federal law. First, while individuals have sometimes alleged that these companies violated their free speech rights by discriminating against users' content, courts have held that the First Amendment, which provides protection against state action, is not implicated by the actions of these private companies. Second, courts have concluded that many non-constitutional claims are barred by Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, 47 U.S.C. § 230, which provides immunity to providers of interactive computer services, including social media providers, both for certain decisions to host content created by others and for actions taken "voluntarily" and "in good faith" to restrict access to "objectionable" material. Some have argued that Congress should step in to regulate social media sites. Government action regulating internet content would constitute state action that may implicate the First Amendment. In particular, social media providers may argue that government regulations impermissibly infringe on the providers' own constitutional free speech rights. Legal commentators have argued that when social media platforms decide whether and how to post users' content, these publication decisions are themselves protected under the First Amendment. There are few court decisions evaluating whether a social media site, by virtue of publishing, organizing, or even editing protected speech, is itself exercising free speech rights. Consequently, commentators have largely analyzed the question of whether the First Amendment protects a social media site's publication decisions by analogy to other types of First Amendment cases. There are at least three possible frameworks for analyzing governmental restrictions on social media sites' ability to moderate user content. Which of these three frameworks applies will depend largely on the particular action being regulated. Under existing law, social media platforms may be more likely to receive First Amendment protection when they exercise more editorial discretion in presenting user-generated content, rather than if they neutrally transmit all such content. In addition, certain types of speech receive less protection under the First Amendment. Courts may be more likely to uphold regulations targeting certain disfavored categories of speech such as obscenity or speech inciting violence. Finally, if a law targets a social media site's conduct rather than speech, it may not trigger the protections of the First Amendment at all.
One of the great political writers of our time offers a manifesto for global free speech in the digital age Never in human history was there such a chance for freedom of expression. If we have Internet access, any one of us can publish almost anything we like and potentially reach an audience of millions. Never was there a time when the evils of unlimited speech flowed so easily across frontiers: violent intimidation, gross violations of privacy, tidal waves of abuse. A pastor burns a Koran in Florida and UN officials die in Afghanistan. Drawing on a lifetime of writing about dictatorships and dissidents, Timothy Garton Ash argues that in this connected world that he calls cosmopolis, the way to combine freedom and diversity is to have more but also better free speech. Across all cultural divides we must strive to agree on how we disagree. He draws on a thirteen-language global online project--freespeechdebate.com--conducted out of Oxford University and devoted to doing just that. With vivid examples, from his personal experience of China's Orwellian censorship apparatus to the controversy around Charlie Hebdo to a very English court case involving food writer Nigella Lawson, he proposes a framework for civilized conflict in a world where we are all becoming neighbors.
Freedom of Expression and the Internet by Terri Dougherty Pdf
The Internet holds an unprecedented volume of information and resources. It has given Americans another way to use their freedom of speech, but has also ushered in new challenges to the free-speech guarantee. Internet law focuses on regulating freedom of expression in respect to issues such as fraud, child protection, decency, libel, control of hate speech, and security concerns such as privacy and data protection. This informative and illuminating edition focuses on issues surrounding freedom of expression on the Internet. Chapters tackle topics such as free speech and responsibility, copyright and criticism, and cyberbullying.
In his much quoted, seminal work, On Liberty, John Stuart Mill attempts to establish standards for the relationship between authority and liberty. He emphasizes the importance of individuality which he conceived as a prerequisite to the higher pleasures-the summum bonum of Utilitarianism. Published in 1859, On Liberty presents one of the most eloquent defenses of individual freedom and is perhaps the most widely-read liberal argument in support of the value of liberty.
