From Frenet To Cartan The Method Of Moving Frames

Author : Jeanne N. Clelland
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-29
Category : Differential geometry -- Classical differential geometry -- Affine differential geometry
ISBN : 9781470429522

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From Frenet to Cartan: The Method of Moving Frames by Jeanne N. Clelland Pdf

The method of moving frames originated in the early nineteenth century with the notion of the Frenet frame along a curve in Euclidean space. Later, Darboux expanded this idea to the study of surfaces. The method was brought to its full power in the early twentieth century by Elie Cartan, and its development continues today with the work of Fels, Olver, and others. This book is an introduction to the method of moving frames as developed by Cartan, at a level suitable for beginning graduate students familiar with the geometry of curves and surfaces in Euclidean space. The main focus is on the use of this method to compute local geometric invariants for curves and surfaces in various 3-dimensional homogeneous spaces, including Euclidean, Minkowski, equi-affine, and projective spaces. Later chapters include applications to several classical problems in differential geometry, as well as an introduction to the nonhomogeneous case via moving frames on Riemannian manifolds. The book is written in a reader-friendly style, building on already familiar concepts from curves and surfaces in Euclidean space. A special feature of this book is the inclusion of detailed guidance regarding the use of the computer algebra system Maple™ to perform many of the computations involved in the exercises.

Author : Tristan Needham
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 584 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2021-07-13
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780691219899

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Visual Differential Geometry and Forms by Tristan Needham Pdf

An inviting, intuitive, and visual exploration of differential geometry and forms Visual Differential Geometry and Forms fulfills two principal goals. In the first four acts, Tristan Needham puts the geometry back into differential geometry. Using 235 hand-drawn diagrams, Needham deploys Newton’s geometrical methods to provide geometrical explanations of the classical results. In the fifth act, he offers the first undergraduate introduction to differential forms that treats advanced topics in an intuitive and geometrical manner. Unique features of the first four acts include: four distinct geometrical proofs of the fundamentally important Global Gauss-Bonnet theorem, providing a stunning link between local geometry and global topology; a simple, geometrical proof of Gauss’s famous Theorema Egregium; a complete geometrical treatment of the Riemann curvature tensor of an n-manifold; and a detailed geometrical treatment of Einstein’s field equation, describing gravity as curved spacetime (General Relativity), together with its implications for gravitational waves, black holes, and cosmology. The final act elucidates such topics as the unification of all the integral theorems of vector calculus; the elegant reformulation of Maxwell’s equations of electromagnetism in terms of 2-forms; de Rham cohomology; differential geometry via Cartan’s method of moving frames; and the calculation of the Riemann tensor using curvature 2-forms. Six of the seven chapters of Act V can be read completely independently from the rest of the book. Requiring only basic calculus and geometry, Visual Differential Geometry and Forms provocatively rethinks the way this important area of mathematics should be considered and taught.

Author : Douglas J. LaFountain,William W. Menasco
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2017-10-20
Category : Braid theory
ISBN : 9781470436605

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Braid Foliations in Low-Dimensional Topology by Douglas J. LaFountain,William W. Menasco Pdf

Author : Tai-Peng Tsai
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2018-08-09
Category : Fluid dynamics
ISBN : 9781470430962

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Lectures on Navier-Stokes Equations by Tai-Peng Tsai Pdf

This book is a graduate text on the incompressible Navier-Stokes system, which is of fundamental importance in mathematical fluid mechanics as well as in engineering applications. The goal is to give a rapid exposition on the existence, uniqueness, and regularity of its solutions, with a focus on the regularity problem. To fit into a one-year course for students who have already mastered the basics of PDE theory, many auxiliary results have been described with references but without proofs, and several topics were omitted. Most chapters end with a selection of problems for the reader. After an introduction and a careful study of weak, strong, and mild solutions, the reader is introduced to partial regularity. The coverage of boundary value problems, self-similar solutions, the uniform L3 class including the celebrated Escauriaza-Seregin-Šverák Theorem, and axisymmetric flows in later chapters are unique features of this book that are less explored in other texts. The book can serve as a textbook for a course, as a self-study source for people who already know some PDE theory and wish to learn more about Navier-Stokes equations, or as a reference for some of the important recent developments in the area.

Author : John Douglas Moore
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2017-12-15
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 9781470429508

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Introduction to Global Analysis: Minimal Surfaces in Riemannian Manifolds by John Douglas Moore Pdf

During the last century, global analysis was one of the main sources of interaction between geometry and topology. One might argue that the core of this subject is Morse theory, according to which the critical points of a generic smooth proper function on a manifold determine the homology of the manifold. Morse envisioned applying this idea to the calculus of variations, including the theory of periodic motion in classical mechanics, by approximating the space of loops on by a finite-dimensional manifold of high dimension. Palais and Smale reformulated Morse's calculus of variations in terms of infinite-dimensional manifolds, and these infinite-dimensional manifolds were found useful for studying a wide variety of nonlinear PDEs. This book applies infinite-dimensional manifold theory to the Morse theory of closed geodesics in a Riemannian manifold. It then describes the problems encountered when extending this theory to maps from surfaces instead of curves. It treats critical point theory for closed parametrized minimal surfaces in a compact Riemannian manifold, establishing Morse inequalities for perturbed versions of the energy function on the mapping space. It studies the bubbling which occurs when the perturbation is turned off, together with applications to the existence of closed minimal surfaces. The Morse-Sard theorem is used to develop transversality theory for both closed geodesics and closed minimal surfaces. This book is based on lecture notes for graduate courses on “Topics in Differential Geometry”, taught by the author over several years. The reader is assumed to have taken basic graduate courses in differential geometry and algebraic topology.

Author : Xiang-dong Hou
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2018-06-07
Category : Finite fields (Algebra)
ISBN : 9781470442897

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Lectures on Finite Fields by Xiang-dong Hou Pdf

The theory of finite fields encompasses algebra, combinatorics, and number theory and has furnished widespread applications in other areas of mathematics and computer science. This book is a collection of selected topics in the theory of finite fields and related areas. The topics include basic facts about finite fields, polynomials over finite fields, Gauss sums, algebraic number theory and cyclotomic fields, zeros of polynomials over finite fields, and classical groups over finite fields. The book is mostly self-contained, and the material covered is accessible to readers with the knowledge of graduate algebra; the only exception is a section on function fields. Each chapter is supplied with a set of exercises. The book can be adopted as a text for a second year graduate course or used as a reference by researchers.

Author : Bjorn Poonen
Publisher : American Mathematical Society
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2023-08-10
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781470474584

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Rational Points on Varieties by Bjorn Poonen Pdf

This book is motivated by the problem of determining the set of rational points on a variety, but its true goal is to equip readers with a broad range of tools essential for current research in algebraic geometry and number theory. The book is unconventional in that it provides concise accounts of many topics instead of a comprehensive account of just one—this is intentionally designed to bring readers up to speed rapidly. Among the topics included are Brauer groups, faithfully flat descent, algebraic groups, torsors, étale and fppf cohomology, the Weil conjectures, and the Brauer-Manin and descent obstructions. A final chapter applies all these to study the arithmetic of surfaces. The down-to-earth explanations and the over 100 exercises make the book suitable for use as a graduate-level textbook, but even experts will appreciate having a single source covering many aspects of geometry over an unrestricted ground field and containing some material that cannot be found elsewhere. The origins of arithmetic (or Diophantine) geometry can be traced back to antiquity, and it remains a lively and wide research domain up to our days. The book by Bjorn Poonen, a leading expert in the field, opens doors to this vast field for many readers with different experiences and backgrounds. It leads through various algebraic geometric constructions towards its central subject: obstructions to existence of rational points. —Yuri Manin, Max-Planck-Institute, Bonn It is clear that my mathematical life would have been very different if a book like this had been around at the time I was a student. —Hendrik Lenstra, University Leiden Understanding rational points on arbitrary algebraic varieties is the ultimate challenge. We have conjectures but few results. Poonen's book, with its mixture of basic constructions and openings into current research, will attract new generations to the Queen of Mathematics. —Jean-Louis Colliot-Thélène, Université Paris-Sud A beautiful subject, handled by a master. —Joseph Silverman, Brown University

Author : Martin Stynes,David Stynes
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 156 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2018-11-21
Category : Differential equations
ISBN : 9781470448684

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Convection-Diffusion Problems: An Introduction to Their Analysis and Numerical Solution by Martin Stynes,David Stynes Pdf

Many physical problems involve diffusive and convective (transport) processes. When diffusion dominates convection, standard numerical methods work satisfactorily. But when convection dominates diffusion, the standard methods become unstable, and special techniques are needed to compute accurate numerical approximations of the unknown solution. This convection-dominated regime is the focus of the book. After discussing at length the nature of solutions to convection-dominated convection-diffusion problems, the authors motivate and design numerical methods that are particularly suited to this class of problems. At first they examine finite-difference methods for two-point boundary value problems, as their analysis requires little theoretical background. Upwinding, artificial diffusion, uniformly convergent methods, and Shishkin meshes are some of the topics presented. Throughout, the authors are concerned with the accuracy of solutions when the diffusion coefficient is close to zero. Later in the book they concentrate on finite element methods for problems posed in one and two dimensions. This lucid yet thorough account of convection-dominated convection-diffusion problems and how to solve them numerically is meant for beginning graduate students, and it includes a large number of exercises. An up-to-date bibliography provides the reader with further reading.

Author : Timothy J. Ford
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 637 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2017-09-26
Category : Associative rings
ISBN : 9781470437701

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Separable Algebras by Timothy J. Ford Pdf

This book presents a comprehensive introduction to the theory of separable algebras over commutative rings. After a thorough introduction to the general theory, the fundamental roles played by separable algebras are explored. For example, Azumaya algebras, the henselization of local rings, and Galois theory are rigorously introduced and treated. Interwoven throughout these applications is the important notion of étale algebras. Essential connections are drawn between the theory of separable algebras and Morita theory, the theory of faithfully flat descent, cohomology, derivations, differentials, reflexive lattices, maximal orders, and class groups. The text is accessible to graduate students who have finished a first course in algebra, and it includes necessary foundational material, useful exercises, and many nontrivial examples.

Author : Matthias Beck,Raman Sanyal
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2018-12-12
Category : Combinatorial analysis
ISBN : 9781470422004

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Combinatorial Reciprocity Theorems: An Invitation to Enumerative Geometric Combinatorics by Matthias Beck,Raman Sanyal Pdf

Combinatorial reciprocity is a very interesting phenomenon, which can be described as follows: A polynomial, whose values at positive integers count combinatorial objects of some sort, may give the number of combinatorial objects of a different sort when evaluated at negative integers (and suitably normalized). Such combinatorial reciprocity theorems occur in connections with graphs, partially ordered sets, polyhedra, and more. Using the combinatorial reciprocity theorems as a leitmotif, this book unfolds central ideas and techniques in enumerative and geometric combinatorics. Written in a friendly writing style, this is an accessible graduate textbook with almost 300 exercises, numerous illustrations, and pointers to the research literature. Topics include concise introductions to partially ordered sets, polyhedral geometry, and rational generating functions, followed by highly original chapters on subdivisions, geometric realizations of partially ordered sets, and hyperplane arrangements.

Author : Giovanni Leoni
Publisher : American Mathematical Society
Page : 759 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2024-04-17
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781470477028

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A First Course in Sobolev Spaces by Giovanni Leoni Pdf

This book is about differentiation of functions. It is divided into two parts, which can be used as different textbooks, one for an advanced undergraduate course in functions of one variable and one for a graduate course on Sobolev functions. The first part develops the theory of monotone, absolutely continuous, and bounded variation functions of one variable and their relationship with Lebesgue–Stieltjes measures and Sobolev functions. It also studies decreasing rearrangement and curves. The second edition includes a chapter on functions mapping time into Banach spaces. The second part of the book studies functions of several variables. It begins with an overview of classical results such as Rademacher's and Stepanoff's differentiability theorems, Whitney's extension theorem, Brouwer's fixed point theorem, and the divergence theorem for Lipschitz domains. It then moves to distributions, Fourier transforms and tempered distributions. The remaining chapters are a treatise on Sobolev functions. The second edition focuses more on higher order derivatives and it includes the interpolation theorems of Gagliardo and Nirenberg. It studies embedding theorems, extension domains, chain rule, superposition, Poincaré's inequalities and traces. A major change compared to the first edition is the chapter on Besov spaces, which are now treated using interpolation theory.

Author : I. Martin Isaacs
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2018-05-23
Category : Group theory
ISBN : 9781470434854

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Characters of Solvable Groups by I. Martin Isaacs Pdf

This book, which can be considered as a sequel of the author's famous book Character Theory of Finite Groups, concerns the character theory of finite solvable groups and other groups that have an abundance of normal subgroups. It is subdivided into three parts: -theory, character correspondences, and M-groups. The -theory section contains an exposition of D. Gajendragadkar's -special characters, and it includes various extensions, generalizations, and applications of his work. The character correspondences section proves the McKay character counting conjecture and the Alperin weight conjecture for solvable groups, and it constructs a canonical McKay bijection for odd-order groups. In addition to a review of some basic material on M-groups, the third section contains an exposition of the use of symplectic modules for studying M-groups. In particular, an accessible presentation of E. C. Dade's deep results on monomial characters of odd prime-power degree is included. Very little of this material has previously appeared in book form, and much of it is based on the author's research. By reading a clean and accessible presentation written by the leading expert in the field, researchers and graduate students will be inspired to learn and work in this area that has fascinated the author for decades.

Author : Michael E. Taylor
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2019-10-18
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781470452865

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Introduction to Complex Analysis by Michael E. Taylor Pdf

In this text, the reader will learn that all the basic functions that arise in calculus—such as powers and fractional powers, exponentials and logs, trigonometric functions and their inverses, as well as many new functions that the reader will meet—are naturally defined for complex arguments. Furthermore, this expanded setting leads to a much richer understanding of such functions than one could glean by merely considering them in the real domain. For example, understanding the exponential function in the complex domain via its differential equation provides a clean path to Euler's formula and hence to a self-contained treatment of the trigonometric functions. Complex analysis, developed in partnership with Fourier analysis, differential equations, and geometrical techniques, leads to the development of a cornucopia of functions of use in number theory, wave motion, conformal mapping, and other mathematical phenomena, which the reader can learn about from material presented here. This book could serve for either a one-semester course or a two-semester course in complex analysis for beginning graduate students or for well-prepared undergraduates whose background includes multivariable calculus, linear algebra, and advanced calculus.

Author : Riccardo Benedetti
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 425 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2021-10-27
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781470466749

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Lectures on Differential Topology by Riccardo Benedetti Pdf

This book gives a comprehensive introduction to the theory of smooth manifolds, maps, and fundamental associated structures with an emphasis on “bare hands” approaches, combining differential-topological cut-and-paste procedures and applications of transversality. In particular, the smooth cobordism cup-product is defined from scratch and used as the main tool in a variety of settings. After establishing the fundamentals, the book proceeds to a broad range of more advanced topics in differential topology, including degree theory, the Poincaré-Hopf index theorem, bordism-characteristic numbers, and the Pontryagin-Thom construction. Cobordism intersection forms are used to classify compact surfaces; their quadratic enhancements are developed and applied to studying the homotopy groups of spheres, the bordism group of immersed surfaces in a 3-manifold, and congruences mod 16 for the signature of intersection forms of 4-manifolds. Other topics include the high-dimensional h h-cobordism theorem stressing the role of the “Whitney trick”, a determination of the singleton bordism modules in low dimensions, and proofs of parallelizability of orientable 3-manifolds and the Lickorish-Wallace theorem. Nash manifolds and Nash's questions on the existence of real algebraic models are also discussed. This book will be useful as a textbook for beginning masters and doctoral students interested in differential topology, who have finished a standard undergraduate mathematics curriculum. It emphasizes an active learning approach, and exercises are included within the text as part of the flow of ideas. Experienced readers may use this book as a source of alternative, constructive approaches to results commonly presented in more advanced contexts with specialized techniques.

Author : Hung Vinh Tran
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2021-09-17
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781470465551

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Hamilton-Jacobi Equations: Theory and Applications by Hung Vinh Tran Pdf

This book gives an extensive survey of many important topics in the theory of Hamilton–Jacobi equations with particular emphasis on modern approaches and viewpoints. Firstly, the basic well-posedness theory of viscosity solutions for first-order Hamilton–Jacobi equations is covered. Then, the homogenization theory, a very active research topic since the late 1980s but not covered in any standard textbook, is discussed in depth. Afterwards, dynamical properties of solutions, the Aubry–Mather theory, and weak Kolmogorov–Arnold–Moser (KAM) theory are studied. Both dynamical and PDE approaches are introduced to investigate these theories. Connections between homogenization, dynamical aspects, and the optimal rate of convergence in homogenization theory are given as well. The book is self-contained and is useful for a course or for references. It can also serve as a gentle introductory reference to the homogenization theory.