Frontiers In Understanding Climate Change And Polar Ecosystems

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Frontiers in Understanding Climate Change and Polar Ecosystems

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee for the Workshop on Frontiers in Understanding Climate Change and Polar Ecosystems
Frontiers in Understanding Climate Change and Polar Ecosystems Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee for the Workshop on Frontiers in Understanding Climate Change and Polar Ecosystems
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 86 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2011-06-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309210874

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Frontiers in Understanding Climate Change and Polar Ecosystems by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee for the Workshop on Frontiers in Understanding Climate Change and Polar Ecosystems Pdf

The polar regions are experiencing rapid changes in climate. These changes are causing observable ecological impacts of various types and degrees of severity at all ecosystem levels, including society. Even larger changes and more significant impacts are anticipated. As species respond to changing environments over time, their interactions with the physical world and other organisms can also change. This chain of interactions can trigger cascades of impacts throughout entire ecosystems. Evaluating the interrelated physical, chemical, biological, and societal components of polar ecosystems is essential to understanding their vulnerability and resilience to climate forcing. The Polar Research Board (PRB) organized a workshop to address these issues. Experts gathered from a variety of disciplines with knowledge of both the Arctic and Antarctic regions. Participants were challenged to consider what is currently known about climate change and polar ecosystems and to identify the next big questions in the field. A set of interdisciplinary "frontier questions" emerged from the workshop discussions as important topics to be addressed in the coming decades. To begin to address these questions, workshop participants discussed the need for holistic, interdisciplinary systems approach to understanding polar ecosystem responses to climate change. As an outcome of the workshop, participants brainstormed methods and technologies that are crucial to advance the understanding of polar ecosystems and to promote the next generation of polar research. These include new and emerging technologies, sustained long-term observations, data synthesis and management, and data dissemination and outreach.

Arctic Sustainability Research

Andrey N. Petrov,Shauna BurnSilver,F. Stuart Chapin III,Gail Fondahl,Jessica K. Graybill,Kathrin Keil,Annika E. Nilsson,Rudolf Riedlsperger,Peter Schweitzer
Arctic Sustainability Research Book PDF

Author : Andrey N. Petrov,Shauna BurnSilver,F. Stuart Chapin III,Gail Fondahl,Jessica K. Graybill,Kathrin Keil,Annika E. Nilsson,Rudolf Riedlsperger,Peter Schweitzer
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 121 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2017-07-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351614634

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Arctic Sustainability Research by Andrey N. Petrov,Shauna BurnSilver,F. Stuart Chapin III,Gail Fondahl,Jessica K. Graybill,Kathrin Keil,Annika E. Nilsson,Rudolf Riedlsperger,Peter Schweitzer Pdf

The Arctic is one of the world’s regions most affected by cultural, socio-economic, environmental, and climatic changes. Over the last two decades, scholars, policymakers, extractive industries, governments, intergovernmental forums, and non-governmental organizations have turned their attention to the Arctic, its peoples, resources, and to the challenges and benefits of impending transformations. Arctic sustainability is an issue of increasing concern as well as the resilience and adaptation of Arctic societies to changing conditions. This book offers key insights into the history, current state of knowledge and the future of sustainability, and sustainable development research in the Arctic. Written by an international, interdisciplinary team of experts, it presents a comprehensive progress report on Arctic sustainability research. It identifies key knowledge gaps and provides salient recommendations for prioritizing research in the next decade. Arctic Sustainability Research will appeal to researchers, academics, and policymakers interested in sustainability science and the practices of sustainable development, as well as those working in polar studies, climate change, political geography, and the history of science.

Thriving on Our Changing Planet

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on the Decadal Survey for Earth Science and Applications from Space
Thriving on Our Changing Planet Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on the Decadal Survey for Earth Science and Applications from Space
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 717 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2018-12-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309467605

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Thriving on Our Changing Planet by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on the Decadal Survey for Earth Science and Applications from Space Pdf

We live on a dynamic Earth shaped by both natural processes and the impacts of humans on their environment. It is in our collective interest to observe and understand our planet, and to predict future behavior to the extent possible, in order to effectively manage resources, successfully respond to threats from natural and human-induced environmental change, and capitalize on the opportunities â€" social, economic, security, and more â€" that such knowledge can bring. By continuously monitoring and exploring Earth, developing a deep understanding of its evolving behavior, and characterizing the processes that shape and reshape the environment in which we live, we not only advance knowledge and basic discovery about our planet, but we further develop the foundation upon which benefits to society are built. Thriving on Our Changing Planet presents prioritized science, applications, and observations, along with related strategic and programmatic guidance, to support the U.S. civil space Earth observation program over the coming decade.

Arctic Matters

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board
Arctic Matters Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 37 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2014-04-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309371612

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Arctic Matters by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board Pdf

Viewed in satellite images as a jagged white coat draped over the top of the globe, the high Arctic appears distant and isolated. But even if you don't live there, don't do business there, and will never travel there, you are closer to the Arctic than you think. Arctic Matters: The Global Connection to Changes in the Arctic is a new educational resource produced by the Polar Research Board of the National Research Council (NRC). It draws upon a large collection of peer-reviewed NRC reports and other national and international reports to provide a brief, reader-friendly primer on the complex ways in which the changes currently affecting the Arctic and its diverse people, resources, and environment can, in turn, affect the entire globe. Topics in the booklet include how climate changes currently underway in the Arctic are a driver for global sea-level rise, offer new prospects for natural resource extraction, and have rippling effects through the world's weather, climate, food supply and economy.

Understanding Present and Past Arctic Environments

Neloy Khare
Understanding Present and Past Arctic Environments Book PDF

Author : Neloy Khare
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2021-08-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128230787

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Understanding Present and Past Arctic Environments by Neloy Khare Pdf

Understanding Present and Past Arctic Environments: An Integrated Approach from Climate Change Perspectives provides a fully comprehensive overview of the past, present and future outlook for this incredibly diverse and important region. Through a series of contributed chapters, the book explores changes to this environment that are attributed to the effects of climate change. The book explores the current effects climate change has had on Arctic environments and ecosystems, our current understanding of the effects climate change is having, the effects climate change is having on the atmospheric and ocean processes in this region. The Arctic region is predicted to experience the earliest and most pronounced global warming response to human-induced climatic change, thus a better understanding is vital. Presents a thorough understanding of the Arctic, it’s past, present and future Provides an integrated assessment of the Arctic climate system, recognizing that a true understanding of its functions lies in appreciating the interactions and linkages among its various components Brings together many of the world's leading Arctic researchers to describe this diverse environment and its ecology

Future Science Opportunities in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on Future Science Opportunities in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean
Future Science Opportunities in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on Future Science Opportunities in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2011-12-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309214698

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Future Science Opportunities in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on Future Science Opportunities in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean Pdf

Antarctica and the surrounding Southern Ocean remains one of the world's last frontiers. Covering nearly 14 million km² (an area approximately 1.4 times the size of the United States), Antarctica is the coldest, driest, highest, and windiest continent on Earth. While it is challenging to live and work in this extreme environment, this region offers many opportunities for scientific research. Ever since the first humans set foot on Antarctica a little more than a century ago, the discoveries made there have advanced our scientific knowledge of the region, the world, and the Universe-but there is still much more to learn. However, conducting scientific research in the harsh environmental conditions of Antarctica is profoundly challenging. Substantial resources are needed to establish and maintain the infrastructure needed to provide heat, light, transportation, and drinking water, while at the same time minimizing pollution of the environment and ensuring the safety of researchers. Future Science Opportunities in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean suggests actions for the United States to achieve success for the next generation of Antarctic and Southern Ocean science. The report highlights important areas of research by encapsulating each into a single, overarching question. The questions fall into two broad themes: (1) those related to global change, and (2) those related to fundamental discoveries. In addition, the report identified key science questions that will drive research in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean in coming decades, and highlighted opportunities to be leveraged to sustain and improve the U.S. research efforts in the region.

Assessing Climate Change

Donald Rapp
Assessing Climate Change Book PDF

Author : Donald Rapp
Publisher : Springer
Page : 816 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2014-07-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319004556

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Assessing Climate Change by Donald Rapp Pdf

This updated and revised new edition of Assessing Climate Change deals with the full gamut of essential questions in relation to global warming and climate change, uniquely providing a balanced and impartial discussion of this controversial subject. It shows that most of what is “known”about the Sun, historical climates and projections for the future lacks foundation and leaves great room for doubt. Assessing Climate Change (3rd Edition) examines the credibility of the global climate models which accuse greenhouse gases of causing the temperature rise of the 20th century, and provides a better understanding of the uncertainties regarding what might lie ahead in the future. Carefully considering the “evidence” brought forward by both alarmists and skeptics, this book: • has been brought completely up to date to end 2013; • examines the measurements of near surface temperatures on Earth and how much we can rely on them; • includes hundreds of graphs showing the data; • compares the current global warming trend with past climate fluctuations; • provides a systematic review of climate change in nearly all of its aspects; • expands the discussion of potential impacts of global warming (from whatever cause); • includes nearly 1000 references specific to the climate literature.

Seasonal to Decadal Predictions of Arctic Sea Ice

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on the Future of Arctic Sea Ice Research in Support of Seasonal to Decadal Prediction
Seasonal to Decadal Predictions of Arctic Sea Ice Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on the Future of Arctic Sea Ice Research in Support of Seasonal to Decadal Prediction
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 93 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2013-01-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309265263

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Seasonal to Decadal Predictions of Arctic Sea Ice by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on the Future of Arctic Sea Ice Research in Support of Seasonal to Decadal Prediction Pdf

Recent well documented reductions in the thickness and extent of Arctic sea ice cover, which can be linked to the warming climate, are affecting the global climate system and are also affecting the global economic system as marine access to the Arctic region and natural resource development increase. Satellite data show that during each of the past six summers, sea ice cover has shrunk to its smallest in three decades. The composition of the ice is also changing, now containing a higher fraction of thin first-year ice instead of thicker multi-year ice. Understanding and projecting future sea ice conditions is important to a growing number of stakeholders, including local populations, natural resource industries, fishing communities, commercial shippers, marine tourism operators, national security organizations, regulatory agencies, and the scientific research community. However, gaps in understanding the interactions between Arctic sea ice, oceans, and the atmosphere, along with an increasing rate of change in the nature and quantity of sea ice, is hampering accurate predictions. Although modeling has steadily improved, projections by every major modeling group failed to predict the record breaking drop in summer sea ice extent in September 2012. Establishing sustained communication between the user, modeling, and observation communities could help reveal gaps in understanding, help balance the needs and expectations of different stakeholders, and ensure that resources are allocated to address the most pressing sea ice data needs. Seasonal-to-Decadal Predictions of Arctic Sea Ice: Challenges and Strategies explores these topics.

Arctic Climate Change

Peter Lemke,Hans-Werner Jacobi
Arctic Climate Change Book PDF

Author : Peter Lemke,Hans-Werner Jacobi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2011-11-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9400720270

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Arctic Climate Change by Peter Lemke,Hans-Werner Jacobi Pdf

The Arctic is now experiencing some of the most rapid and severe climate change on earth. Over the next 100 years, climate change is expected to accelerate, contributing to major physical, ecological, social, and economic changes, many of which have already begun. Changes in arctic climate will also affect the rest of the world through increased global warming and rising sea levels. The volume addresses the following major topics: - Research results in observing aspects of the Arctic climate system and its processes across a range of time and space scales - Representation of cryospheric, atmospheric, and oceanic processes in models, including simulation of their interaction with coupled models - Our understanding of the role of the Arctic in the global climate system, its response to large-scale climate variations, and the processes involved.

Arctic Ecosystems in a Changing Climate

F. Stuart Chapin III,Robert L. Jefferies,James F. Reynolds,Gaius R. Shaver,Josef Svoboda,Ellen W. Chu
Arctic Ecosystems in a Changing Climate Book PDF

Author : F. Stuart Chapin III,Robert L. Jefferies,James F. Reynolds,Gaius R. Shaver,Josef Svoboda,Ellen W. Chu
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323138420

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Arctic Ecosystems in a Changing Climate by F. Stuart Chapin III,Robert L. Jefferies,James F. Reynolds,Gaius R. Shaver,Josef Svoboda,Ellen W. Chu Pdf

The arctic region is predicted to experience the earliest and most pronounced global warming response to human-induced climatic change. This book synthesizes information on the physiological ecology of arctic plants, discusses how physiological processes influence ecosystem processes, and explores how climate warming will affect arctic plants, plant communities, and ecosystem processes. Reviews the physiological ecology of arctic plants Explores biotic controls over community and ecosystems processes Provides physiological bases for predicting how the Arctic will respond to global climate change

High-Arctic Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Climate

Anonim
High Arctic Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Climate Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 596 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2008-05-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080570046

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High-Arctic Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Climate by Anonim Pdf

High-Arctic Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Climate is based on data collected during the past 10 years by Zackenberg Ecological Research Operations (ZERO) at Zackenberg Research Station in Northeast Greenland. This volume covers the function of Arctic ecosystems based on the most comprehensive long-term data set in the world from a well-defined Arctic ecosystem. Editors offer a comprehensive and authoritative analysis of how climate variability is influencing an Arctic ecosystem and how the Arctic ecosystems have inherent feedback mechanisms interacting with climate variability or change. The latest research on the functioning of Arctic ecosystems Supplements current books on arctic climate impact assessment as a case study for ecological specialists Discusses the complex perpetuating effects on Earth Vital information on modeling ecosystem responses to understand future climates

A Naturalist Goes Fishing

James McClintock
A Naturalist Goes Fishing Book PDF

Author : James McClintock
Publisher : St. Martin's Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2015-10-27
Category : Sports & Recreation
ISBN : 9781466879256

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A Naturalist Goes Fishing by James McClintock Pdf

In the tradition of fishing classics, A Naturalist Goes Fishing combines elements of the triumph between fisher and fish, humor and wit, and a passionate concern for the natural environment. James McClintock takes us to some of the most breathtaking waters the world has to offer while capturing the drama and serendipity in the beloved sport of fishing. We follow him and his fishing buddies and professional guides, as he fishes off the marshy barrier islands of Louisiana, teeming with life but also ravaged by recent disasters like the Deepwater Horizon spill. We travel to the remote waters of New Zealand's Stewart Island, where the commercial fishing industry is fast disappearing; fish for gigantic Antarctic toothfish through a drilled ice hole at McMurdo Station; and scout for spotted bass on Alabama's Cahaba River, which has the highest diversity of fresh water fish in North America. As we take this global journey, we see how sea level rise, erosion, pollution, water acidification, and overfishing each cause damage. This strikingly beautiful narrative is a must read for anglers and nature lovers alike.

Whither the Arctic Ocean?

Guillermo Auad,Marcel Babin,David A. Balton,Eddy C. Carmack,Robert W. Corell,Dorthe Dahl-Jensen,Andrey V. Dolgov,Edel O. Elvevoll,Elizaveta Ershova,Brian D. Fath,Andrea M. Fisher,Matthias Forwick,Sam Herreid,Alf Håkon Hoel,Grete K. Hovelsrud,Henry P. Huntington,Anne Husebekk,Brendan P. Kelly,Malinda Labriola,Rolf Mjelde,Lars-Otto Reiersen,Kenneth Ruud,Gunnar Sand,Asgeir J. Sørensen,Shirley Tagalik,Andrea Tilche,Frances Ulmer,Francis K. Wiese,Eduard Zdor
Whither the Arctic Ocean Book PDF

Author : Guillermo Auad,Marcel Babin,David A. Balton,Eddy C. Carmack,Robert W. Corell,Dorthe Dahl-Jensen,Andrey V. Dolgov,Edel O. Elvevoll,Elizaveta Ershova,Brian D. Fath,Andrea M. Fisher,Matthias Forwick,Sam Herreid,Alf Håkon Hoel,Grete K. Hovelsrud,Henry P. Huntington,Anne Husebekk,Brendan P. Kelly,Malinda Labriola,Rolf Mjelde,Lars-Otto Reiersen,Kenneth Ruud,Gunnar Sand,Asgeir J. Sørensen,Shirley Tagalik,Andrea Tilche,Frances Ulmer,Francis K. Wiese,Eduard Zdor
Publisher : Fundacion BBVA
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2021-05-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9788492937820

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Whither the Arctic Ocean? by Guillermo Auad,Marcel Babin,David A. Balton,Eddy C. Carmack,Robert W. Corell,Dorthe Dahl-Jensen,Andrey V. Dolgov,Edel O. Elvevoll,Elizaveta Ershova,Brian D. Fath,Andrea M. Fisher,Matthias Forwick,Sam Herreid,Alf Håkon Hoel,Grete K. Hovelsrud,Henry P. Huntington,Anne Husebekk,Brendan P. Kelly,Malinda Labriola,Rolf Mjelde,Lars-Otto Reiersen,Kenneth Ruud,Gunnar Sand,Asgeir J. Sørensen,Shirley Tagalik,Andrea Tilche,Frances Ulmer,Francis K. Wiese,Eduard Zdor Pdf

Climate change in the Arctic Ocean has stirred a remarkable surge of interest and concern. Study after study has revealed the astonishing speed of physical, chemical, ecological, and economic change throughout the expanse of the Arctic. What is more, the consequences of the changing Arctic are not restricted to the Arctic itself, but affect everyone in the Northern Hemisphere, ranging as they do from extreme weather to resource availability and food security, with implications for politics, economics, and sociology. The challenge is to comprehend the full extent and variety of these consequences, and meeting this challenge will demand a multi- and transdisciplinary understanding. Only by this means can we hope to map out a knowledge-based ecosystem and move toward knowledge-based resource management—the essential precondition for any sustainable future. In this book, leading international experts, from many felds of science and across the entire pan-Arctic region, give their specifc takes on where the Arctic Ocean is heading. All have taken care in their writing not to exclude non-experts, in the conviction that multi- and transdisciplinarity can only be achieved when communication and outreach are not tribal in nature. The recurrent guiding theme throughout these pages is “Whith -er the Arctic Ocean?” Taken in concert, the essays synthesize the current state of scientifc knowledge to project how climate change may impact on the Arctic Ocean and the continents around it. How can and how should we prepare for the imminent future that is already lapping at the threshold of the commons? What readers will hopefully take from this multi- and transdisciplinary endeavor is not the individual perspective of each contribution, but the picture that emerges across the entire suite of essays. As we move into a near future that will encompass both the probable and surprises, this book attempts to conjure the multi-dimensional space in which a sustainable future must be brought into being.

Arctic Ecology

David N. Thomas
Arctic Ecology Book PDF

Author : David N. Thomas
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2021-01-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118846544

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Arctic Ecology by David N. Thomas Pdf

The Arctic is often portrayed as being isolated, but the reality is that the connectivity with the rest of the planet is huge, be it through weather patterns, global ocean circulation, and large-scale migration patterns to name but a few. There is a huge amount of public interest in the ‘changing Arctic’, especially in terms of the rapid changes taking place in ecosystems and exploitation of resources. There can be no doubt that the Arctic is at the forefront of the international environmental science agenda, both from a scientific aspect, and also from a policy/environmental management perspective. This book aims to stimulate a wide audience to think about the Arctic by highlighting the remarkable breadth of what it means to study its ecology. Arctic Ecology seeks to systematically introduce the diverse array of ecologies within the Arctic region. As the Arctic rapidly changes, understanding the fundamental ecology underpinning the Arctic is paramount to understanding the consequences of what such change will inevitably bring about. Arctic Ecology is designed to provide graduate students of environmental science, ecology and climate change with a source where Arctic ecology is addressed specifically, with issues due to climate change clearly discussed. It will also be of use to policy-makers, researchers and international agencies who are focusing on ecological issues and effects of global climate change in the Arctic. About the Editor David N. Thomas is Professor of Arctic Ecosystem Research in the Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki. Previously he spent 24 years in the School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Wales. He studies marine systems, with a particular emphasis on sea ice and land-coast interactions in the Arctic and Southern Oceans as well as the Baltic Sea. He also edited a related book: Sea Ice, 3rd Edition (2017), which is also published by Wiley-Blackwell.

God and the Folly of Faith

Victor J. Stenger
God and the Folly of Faith Book PDF

Author : Victor J. Stenger
Publisher : Prometheus Books
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2012-04-03
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781616146009

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God and the Folly of Faith by Victor J. Stenger Pdf

A thorough and hard-hitting critique that is a must read for anyone interested in the interaction between religion and science. It has become the prevalent view among sociologists, historians, and some theistic scientists that religion and science have never been in serious conflict. Some even claim that Christianity was responsible for the development of science. In a sweeping historical survey that begins with ancient Greek science and proceeds through the Renaissance and Enlightenment to contemporary advances in physics and cosmology, Stenger makes a convincing case that not only is this conclusion false, but Christianity actually held back the progress of science for one thousand years. It is significant, he notes, that the scientific revolution of the seventeenth century occurred only after the revolts against established ecclesiastic authorities in the Renaissance and Reformation opened up new avenues of thought. The author goes on to detail how religion and science are fundamentally incompatible in several areas: the origin of the universe and its physical parameters, the origin of complexity, holism versus reductionism, the nature of mind and consciousness, and the source of morality. In the end, Stenger is most troubled by the negative influence that organized religion often exerts on politics and society. He points out antiscientific attitudes embedded in popular religion that are being used to suppress scientific results on issues of global importance, such as overpopulation and environmental degradation. When religion fosters disrespect for science, it threatens the generations of humanity that will follow ours.