Functional Neuroanatomy Of The Brain

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Functional Neuroanatomy of the Brain

Author : Leon Danaila
Publisher : CreateSpace
Page : 614 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2015-07-14
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1514774763

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Functional Neuroanatomy of the Brain by Leon Danaila Pdf

"Functional neuroanatomy of the brain" gathers an immense material from different sources (books, papers, works of great neuroanatomists mentioned in the references etc.) and makes a precise and complete synthesis of the structure and functions of the brain, the most complex system in the universe. The book starts with the history of neuroscience, data and ideas referring to soul, mind and brain, the way they have been imagined and conceived by healers, witches and philosophers since old times. On the other hand the book aims at revealing some basic and recent data about mind and brain, making them accessible to students, doctors, psychologists, biologists and all those interested in this vast topic and research field - the brain - who are studying by themselves. The first volume of "Functional neuroanatomy of the brain" has eight chapters, as it follows: HISTORY OF THE BRAIN AND MIND, INTRODUCTION IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM, MEDULLA OBLONGATA (OR BULB), PONS, MIDBRAIN, RETICULAR FORMATION, CEREBELLUM and DIENCEPHALON. The second part presents in nine chapters of detailed information: THE BASAL GANGLIA, LIMBIC LOBE AND LIMBIC SYSTEM, HIPPOCAMPAL FORMATION, AMYGDALA, OLFACTORY SYSTEM, GUSTATORY SYSTEM, FRONTAL LOBES, PARIETAL LOBE and TEMPORAL LOBES. At least the third part gathers essential information split in seven chapters: OCCIPITAL LOBE, WHITE MATTER OF CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, CORPUS CALLOSUM, CEREBRAL CORTEX, VENTRICULAR SYSTEM AND MENINGES, CEREBRAL ASYMMETRY in nonhumans, THE NEURAL BASIS OF CONSCIOUSNESS. Even if this book is not written by a neuroanatomist, but it represents a textbook assembled by a genius of neurosurgery, with a huge professional experiences, Academician Professor Doctor Leon Danaila, who describes himself some reasons of this special work: "As a neurosurgeon who has performed over 40 000 surgeries on the central and peripheral nervous system during my 50 years of continuous neurosurgical activity, I can comprehend the structural and functional complexity of the brain. In order not to disturb the highly functional areas of the central nervous system, I was forced to get familiar with the details of the brain map, which, taking into consideration my experience, varies from individual to individual, and I can say that each person, healthy or sick, is unique. I have been an assiduous reader of many books and papers in order to have a better documentation in this area, but I could not find any manual or book to contain relatively complete and up-to-date information on the anatomy and physiology of the brain. The existing neuroanatomy textbooks are not thorough enough, in my opinion, as they do not explain the morphological and neurophysiological complexity of white and grey matter. To keep up with the vast literature in this research field, and with the investigations of the brain as a whole has been for me a real challenge or better said an impossible task, an unreachable goal. The clinical information has been of great help in understanding the basic scientific concepts and the way in which the central nervous system, especially the brain, operates and interacts in the presence of various internal and external harmful factors, or in abnormal, pathological situations. Publishing this book concurs with an enormous explosion of knowledge about the morphology and physiology of the central nervous system and its vast reciprocal connections and plasticity. Consequently, I found it hard to keep up with the multitude of works published during the past ten years about functional neuroimaging, neuropharmacology, computational modulation, rehabilitation methods, theories of thinking, of memory, attention, frontal functions, language etc., as well as the structures and the immense number of neural connections and columns that build them. I keep the doors open to corrections, additions and novelty and, why not, to reinterpretation. It's me who will do it or maybe others will do it better than I did."

The Brain

Author : Charles Watson,Matthew Kirkcaldie,George Paxinos
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2010-09-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080920489

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The Brain by Charles Watson,Matthew Kirkcaldie,George Paxinos Pdf

The authors of the most cited neuroscience publication, The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, have written this introductory textbook for neuroscience students. The text is clear and concise, and offers an excellent introduction to the essential concepts of neuroscience. Based on contemporary neuroscience research rather than old-style medical school neuroanatomy Thorough treatment of motor and sensory systems A detailed chapter on human cerebral cortex The neuroscience of consciousness, memory, emotion, brain injury, and mental illness A comprehensive chapter on brain development A summary of the techniques of brain research A detailed glossary of neuroscience terms Illustrated with over 130 color photographs and diagrams This book will inspire and inform students of neuroscience. It is designed for beginning students in the health sciences, including psychology, nursing, biology, and medicine. Clearly and concisely written for easy comprehension by beginning students Based on contemporary neuroscience research rather than the concepts of old-style medical school neuroanatomy Thorough treatment of motor and sensory systems A detailed chapter on human cerebral cortex Discussion of the neuroscience of conscience, memory, cognitive function, brain injury, and mental illness A comprehensive chapter on brain development A summary of the techniques of brain research A detailed glossary of neuroscience terms Illustrated with over 100 color photographs and diagrams

The Human Brain and Spinal Cord

Author : Lennart Heimer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781468401509

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The Human Brain and Spinal Cord by Lennart Heimer Pdf

This book was written to serve both as a guide for the dissection of the human brain and as an illustrated compendium of the functional anatomy of the brain and spinal cord. In this sense, the book represents an updated and expanded version of the book The Human Brain and Spinal Cord written by the author and published in Swedish by Scandinavian University Books in 1961. The complicated anatomy of the brain can often be more easily appreciated and understood in relation to its development. Some insight about the coverings of the brain will also make the brain dissections more meaningful. Introductory chapters on these subjects constitute Part I of the book. Part 2 is composed of the dissection guide, in which text and illustrations are juxtaposed as much as possible in order to facilitate the use of the book in the dissection room. The method of dissection is similar to dissection proce dures used in many medical schools throughout the world, and variations of the technique have been published by several authors including Ivar Broman in the "Manniskohjarnan" (The Human Brain) published by Gleerups F6rlag, Lund, 1926, and Laszlo Komaromy in "Dissection of the Brain," published by Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 1947. The great popularity of the CT scanner justifies an extra laboratory session for the comparison of nearly horizontal brain sections with matching CT scans.

Discovering the Brain

Author : National Academy of Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Sandra Ackerman
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1992-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309045292

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Discovering the Brain by National Academy of Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Sandra Ackerman Pdf

The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."

Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy

Author : Walter Hendelman M.D.
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2005-10-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781420037814

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Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy by Walter Hendelman M.D. Pdf

Presenting a clear visual guide to understanding the human central nervous system, this second edition includes numerous four-color illustrations, photographs, diagrams, radiographs, and histological material throughout the text. Organized and easy to follow, the book presents an overview of the CNS, sensory, and motor systems and the limbic system

Functional and Clinical Neuroanatomy

Author : Jahangir Moini,Pirouz Piran
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 770 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2020-02-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128174258

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Functional and Clinical Neuroanatomy by Jahangir Moini,Pirouz Piran Pdf

Functional and Clinical Neuroanatomy: A Guide for Health Care Professionals is a comprehensive, yet easy-to read, introduction to neuroanatomy that covers the structures and functions of the central, peripheral and autonomic nervous systems. The book also focuses on the clinical presentation of disease processes involving specific structures. It is the first review of clinical neuroanatomy that is written specifically for nurses, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, medical students and medical assistants who work in the field of neurology. It will also be an invaluable resource for graduate and postgraduate students in neuroscience. With 22 chapters, including two that provide complete neurological examinations and diagnostic evaluations, this book is an ideal resource for health care professionals across a wide variety of disciplines. Written specifically for "mid-level" providers in the field of neurology Provides an up-to-date review of clinical neuroanatomy based on the latest guidelines Provides a logical, step-by-step introduction to neuroanatomy Offers hundreds of full-color figures to illustrate important concepts Highlights key subjects in "Focus On" boxes Includes Section Reviews at critical points in the text of each chapter

Functional Neuroanatomy of the Brain: First Part

Author : Leon Danaila
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 791 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2019-03-02
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1797625365

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Functional Neuroanatomy of the Brain: First Part by Leon Danaila Pdf

Welcome to the Functional Neuroanatomy of the brain. Do you want to know the ways by which the neurons communicate?Do you want to learn about the medulla oblongata or bulb external structure?Have you always wanted to learn about the nervous system basic division of the brain stem?If you answered yes to any of these questions, then this book is for you! Within the pages of this book, you will find the different types of the nerve nuclei followed by the most common neurotransmitters. Then, it explains the brain and spinal cord and goes on to explain the different aspects of the human Central Nervous System and lots more.Romanian surgent Leon Danaila is a revolutionary doctor in neurology, one of the most impressive and complex fields of study. Doctor Danaila has performed more than 40,300 brain surgeries during his lifetime and has published numerous articles and books as President of the Romanian Neurosurgery Society and a well-respected university professor. This mastermind offers vital information for all medical students interested in neuroscience. With books covering every aspect of neurology from the basic division of the brain stem to major neurological diseases, the most recent work of doctor Danaila is a must-have collection for all the medical school libraries around the world. His work should be compulsory for medical graduates that wish to pursue a career in research or to practice general or brain surgery, so that they can keep up with the latest developments in the field of neurology. Don't wait any longer! Scroll up and click the BUY NOW button to get started in knowing about the functional neuroanatomy of the brain.

Functional Neuroanatomy of the Brain

Author : Leon Dănăilă
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 6062609462

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Functional Neuroanatomy of the Brain by Leon Dănăilă Pdf

Functional Brain Imaging

Author : William W. Orrison,Jeffrey Lewine,John Sanders,Michael F. Hartshorne
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2017-02-24
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781483284446

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Functional Brain Imaging by William W. Orrison,Jeffrey Lewine,John Sanders,Michael F. Hartshorne Pdf

Functional Brain Imaging

Functional Neuroanatomy

Author : N. J. Strausfeld
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 445 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642821158

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Functional Neuroanatomy by N. J. Strausfeld Pdf

The "functional" in the title of this book not only reflects my personal bias about neuroanatomy in brain research, it is also the gist of many chapters which describe sophisticated ways to resolve structures and interpret them as dynamic entities. Examples are: the visualization of functionally identified brain areas or neurons by activity staining or intracellular dye-iontophoresis; the resolution of synaptic connections between physiologically identified nerve cells; and the biochemical identification of specific neurons (their peptides and transmitters) by histo- and immunocytochemistry. I personally view the nervous system as an organ whose parts, continuously exchanging messages, arrive at their decisions by the cooperative phenome non of consensus and debate. This view is, admittedly, based on my own ex perience of looking at myriads of nerve cells and their connections rather than studying animal behaviour or theorizing. Numerous structural studies have demonstrated that interneurons in the brain must receive hundreds of thousands of synapses. Many neurons receive inputs from several different sensory areas: each input conveys a message about the external world and possibly also about past events which are stored within the central nervous system. Whether an interneuron responds to a certain combination of inputs may be, literally, a matter of debate whose outcome is decided at the post synaptic membrane. A nerve cell responding to an overriding command is possibly a rare event.

Clinical Neuroanatomy

Author : Hans J. ten Donkelaar
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 988 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2020-06-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030418786

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Clinical Neuroanatomy by Hans J. ten Donkelaar Pdf

Connections define the functions of neurons: information flows along connections, as well as growth factors and viruses, and even neuronal death can progress through connections. Accordingly, knowing how the various parts of the brain are interconnected to form functional systems is a prerequisite for properly understanding data from all fields in the neurosciences. Clinical Neuroanatomy: Brain Circuitry and Its Disorders bridges the gap between neuroanatomy and clinical neurology. It focuses on human and primate data in the context of brain circuitry disorders, which are so common in neurological practice. In addition, numerous clinical cases are presented to demonstrate how normal brain circuitry can be interrupted, and what the effects are. Following an introduction to the organization and vascularization of the human brain and the techniques used to study brain circuitry, the main neurofunctional systems are discussed, including the somatosensory, auditory, visual, motor, autonomic and limbic systems, the cerebral cortex and complex cerebral functions. In this 2nd edition, apart from a general updating, many new illustrations have been added and more emphasis is placed on modern techniques such as diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) and network analysis. Moreover, a developmental ontology based on the prosomeric model is applied, resulting in a more modern subdivision of the brain. The new edition of Clinical Neuroanatomy is primarily intended for neurologists, neuroradiologists and neuropathologists, as well as residents in these fields, but will also appeal to (neuro)anatomists and all those whose work involves human brain mapping.

Functional Neuroanatomy of the Brain

Author : Leon Danaila
Publisher : CreateSpace
Page : 794 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2015-07-02
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1511743794

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Functional Neuroanatomy of the Brain by Leon Danaila Pdf

"Functional neuroanatomy of the brain" gathers an immense material from different sources (books, papers, works of great neuroanatomists mentioned in the references etc.) and makes a precise and complete synthesis of the structure and functions of the brain, the most complex system in the universe. The book starts with the history of neuroscience, data and ideas referring to soul, mind and brain, the way they have been imagined and conceived by healers, witches and philosophers since old times. On the other hand the book aims at revealing some basic and recent data about mind and brain, making them accessible to students, doctors, psychologists, biologists and all those interested in this vast topic and research field - the brain - who are studying by themselves. The first volume of "Functional neuroanatomy of the brain" has eight chapters, as it follows: HISTORY OF THE BRAIN AND MIND, INTRODUCTION IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM, MEDULLA OBLONGATA (OR BULB), PONS, MIDBRAIN, RETICULAR FORMATION, CEREBELLUM and DIENCEPHALON. The second part presents in nine chapters of detailed information: THE BASAL GANGLIA, LIMBIC LOBE AND LIMBIC SYSTEM, HIPPOCAMPAL FORMATION, AMYGDALA, OLFACTORY SYSTEM, GUSTATORY SYSTEM, FRONTAL LOBES, PARIETAL LOBE and TEMPORAL LOBES. At least the third part gathers essential information split in seven chapters: OCCIPITAL LOBE, WHITE MATTER OF CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, CORPUS CALLOSUM, CEREBRAL CORTEX, VENTRICULAR SYSTEM AND MENINGES, CEREBRAL ASYMMETRY in nonhumans, THE NEURAL BASIS OF CONSCIOUSNESS. Even if this book is not written by a neuroanatomist, but it represents a textbook assembled by a genius of neurosurgery, with a huge professional experiences, Academician Professor Doctor Leon Danaila, who describes himself some reasons of this special work: "As a neurosurgeon who has performed over 40 000 surgeries on the central and peripheral nervous system during my 50 years of continuous neurosurgical activity, I can comprehend the structural and functional complexity of the brain. In order not to disturb the highly functional areas of the central nervous system, I was forced to get familiar with the details of the brain map, which, taking into consideration my experience, varies from individual to individual, and I can say that each person, healthy or sick, is unique. I have been an assiduous reader of many books and papers in order to have a better documentation in this area, but I could not find any manual or book to contain relatively complete and up-to-date information on the anatomy and physiology of the brain. The existing neuroanatomy textbooks are not thorough enough, in my opinion, as they do not explain the morphological and neurophysiological complexity of white and grey matter. To keep up with the vast literature in this research field, and with the investigations of the brain as a whole has been for me a real challenge or better said an impossible task, an unreachable goal. The clinical information has been of great help in understanding the basic scientific concepts and the way in which the central nervous system, especially the brain, operates and interacts in the presence of various internal and external harmful factors, or in abnormal, pathological situations. Publishing this book concurs with an enormous explosion of knowledge about the morphology and physiology of the central nervous system and its vast reciprocal connections and plasticity. Consequently, I found it hard to keep up with the multitude of works published during the past ten years about functional neuroimaging, neuropharmacology, computational modulation, rehabilitation methods, theories of thinking, of memory, attention, frontal functions, language etc., as well as the structures and the immense number of neural connections and columns that build them. I keep the doors open to corrections, additions and novelty and, why not, to reinterpretation. It's me who will do it or maybe others will do it better than I did."

Visually Memorable Neuroanatomy for Beginners

Author : Min Suk Chung,Beom Sun Chung
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 199 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2020-07-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128199138

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Visually Memorable Neuroanatomy for Beginners by Min Suk Chung,Beom Sun Chung Pdf

Visually Memorable Neuroanatomy for Beginners takes a close look at the anatomy of the human brain and teaches readers to identify and examine its structures in a relatable way. Unlike large textbooks that deliver a superficial overview of the subject, this book explores the anatomy and physiology of the brain using mnemonic techniques and informative comic figures that present brain regions at an introductory level, allowing readers to easily identify different parts of the brain. This volume is appropriate for undergraduate and graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and researchers in the medicine, health sciences, and biological sciences. Beginning with the morphology of the brain and spinal cord, this book then explores the somatic nerve and autonomic nerve, the cranial nerve and spinal nerve, the function of the brain, and concludes with the development of the nervous system. Features simplified illustrations for understanding the complicated neuroanatomy structures Introduces memorizing tips (mnemonics) to help students learn Describes how best to identify structures in cadaver specimens Includes comic-style figures to make neuroanatomy approachable for newcomers

Nolte’s The Human Brain E-Book

Author : Todd W. Vanderah,Douglas J. Gould
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 720 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2015-04-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781455728602

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Nolte’s The Human Brain E-Book by Todd W. Vanderah,Douglas J. Gould Pdf

Popular for its highly visual and easy-to-follow approach, Nolte's The Human Brain helps demystify the complexities of the gross anatomy of the brain, spinal cord and brainstem. A clear writing style, interesting examples and visual cues bring this extremely complicated subject to life and more understandable. Get the depth of coverage you need with discussions on all key topics in functional neuroanatomy and neuroscience, giving you well-rounded coverage of this complex subject. Zero in on the key information you need to know with highly templated, concise chapters that reinforce and expand your knowledge. Develop a thorough, clinically relevant understanding through clinical examples providing a real-life perspective. Gain a greater understanding of every concept through a glossary of key terms that elucidates every part of the text; 3-dimensional brain. Acquaint yourself with the very latest advancements in the field with many illustrations using the most current neuroimaging techniques, reflecting recent developments and changes in understanding. Keep up with the latest knowledge in neural plasticity including formation, modification, and repair of connections, with coverage of learning and memory, as well as the coming revolution in ways to fix damaged nervous systems, trophic factors, stem cells, and more. NEW! Gauge your mastery of the material and build confidence with over 100 multiple choice questions that provide effective chapter review and quick practice for your exams. Student Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, references, and videos from the book on a variety of devices.

Functional Neuroanatomy of the Brain

Author : Leon Danaila
Publisher : CreateSpace
Page : 742 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2015-07-14
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1514381729

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Functional Neuroanatomy of the Brain by Leon Danaila Pdf

"Functional neuroanatomy of the brain" gathers an immense material from different sources (books, papers, works of great neuroanatomists mentioned in the references etc.) and makes a precise and complete synthesis of the structure and functions of the brain, the most complex system in the universe. The book starts with the history of neuroscience, data and ideas referring to soul, mind and brain, the way they have been imagined and conceived by healers, witches and philosophers since old times. On the other hand the book aims at revealing some basic and recent data about mind and brain, making them accessible to students, doctors, psychologists, biologists and all those interested in this vast topic and research field - the brain - who are studying by themselves. The first volume of "Functional neuroanatomy of the brain" has eight chapters, as it follows: HISTORY OF THE BRAIN AND MIND, INTRODUCTION IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM, MEDULLA OBLONGATA (OR BULB), PONS, MIDBRAIN, RETICULAR FORMATION, CEREBELLUM and DIENCEPHALON. The second part presents in nine chapters of detailed information: THE BASAL GANGLIA, LIMBIC LOBE AND LIMBIC SYSTEM, HIPPOCAMPAL FORMATION, AMYGDALA, OLFACTORY SYSTEM, GUSTATORY SYSTEM, FRONTAL LOBES, PARIETAL LOBE and TEMPORAL LOBES. At least the third part gathers essential information split in seven chapters: OCCIPITAL LOBE, WHITE MATTER OF CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, CORPUS CALLOSUM, CEREBRAL CORTEX, VENTRICULAR SYSTEM AND MENINGES, CEREBRAL ASYMMETRY in nonhumans, THE NEURAL BASIS OF CONSCIOUSNESS. Even if this book is not written by a neuroanatomist, but it represents a textbook assembled by a genius of neurosurgery, with a huge professional experiences, Academician Professor Doctor Leon Danaila, who describes himself some reasons of this special work: "As a neurosurgeon who has performed over 40 000 surgeries on the central and peripheral nervous system during my 50 years of continuous neurosurgical activity, I can comprehend the structural and functional complexity of the brain. In order not to disturb the highly functional areas of the central nervous system, I was forced to get familiar with the details of the brain map, which, taking into consideration my experience, varies from individual to individual, and I can say that each person, healthy or sick, is unique. I have been an assiduous reader of many books and papers in order to have a better documentation in this area, but I could not find any manual or book to contain relatively complete and up-to-date information on the anatomy and physiology of the brain. The existing neuroanatomy textbooks are not thorough enough, in my opinion, as they do not explain the morphological and neurophysiological complexity of white and grey matter. To keep up with the vast literature in this research field, and with the investigations of the brain as a whole has been for me a real challenge or better said an impossible task, an unreachable goal. The clinical information has been of great help in understanding the basic scientific concepts and the way in which the central nervous system, especially the brain, operates and interacts in the presence of various internal and external harmful factors, or in abnormal, pathological situations. Publishing this book concurs with an enormous explosion of knowledge about the morphology and physiology of the central nervous system and its vast reciprocal connections and plasticity. Consequently, I found it hard to keep up with the multitude of works published during the past ten years about functional neuroimaging, neuropharmacology, computational modulation, rehabilitation methods, theories of thinking, of memory, attention, frontal functions, language etc., as well as the structures and the immense number of neural connections and columns that build them. I keep the doors open to corrections, additions and novelty and, why not, to reinterpretation. It's me who will do it or maybe others will do it better than I did."