Future Needs In Deep Submergence Science

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Future Needs in Deep Submergence Science

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Future Needs in Deep Submergence Science
Future Needs in Deep Submergence Science Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Future Needs in Deep Submergence Science
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 159 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2004-04-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309091145

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Future Needs in Deep Submergence Science by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Future Needs in Deep Submergence Science Pdf

Deep-diving manned submersibles, such as Alvin, which gained worldwide fame when researchers used it to reach the wreck of the Titanic, have helped advance deep-ocean science. But many scholars in this field have noted that the number and capabilities of today's underwater vehicles no longer meet current scientific demands. At the same time, the relative value of manned and unmanned vehicles is often disputed. The report finds that new submersibles-both manned and unmanned-that are more capable than those in the current fleet are needed and would be of great value to the advancement of ocean research.

Multidisciplinary Design Optimization and Its Application in Deep Manned Submersible Design

Binbin Pan,Weicheng Cui
Multidisciplinary Design Optimization and Its Application in Deep Manned Submersible Design Book PDF

Author : Binbin Pan,Weicheng Cui
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2020-08-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789811564550

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Multidisciplinary Design Optimization and Its Application in Deep Manned Submersible Design by Binbin Pan,Weicheng Cui Pdf

This book investigates Reliability-based Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (RBMDO) theory and its application in the design of deep manned submersibles (DMSs). Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) is an effective design method for large engineering systems like aircraft, warships, and satellites, which require designers and engineers from various disciplines to cooperate with each other. MDO can be used to handle the conflicts that arise between these disciplines, and focuses on the optimal design of the system as a whole. However, it can also push designs to the brink of failure. In order to keep the system balanced, Reliability-based Design (RBD) must be incorporated into MDO. Consequently, new algorithms and methods have to be developed for RBMDO theory. This book provides an essential overview of MDO, RBD, and RBMDO and subsequently introduces key algorithms and methods by means of case analyses. In closing, it introduces readers to the design of DMSs and applies RBMDO methods to the design of the manned hull and the general concept design. The book is intended for all students and researchers who are interested in system design theory, and for engineers working on large, complex engineering systems.

Science at Sea

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Evolution of the National Oceanographic Research Fleet
Science at Sea Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Evolution of the National Oceanographic Research Fleet
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 121 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2009-11-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309147989

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Science at Sea by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Evolution of the National Oceanographic Research Fleet Pdf

The U.S. academic research fleet is an essential national resource, and it is likely that scientific demands on the fleet will increase. Oceanographers are embracing a host of remote technologies that can facilitate the collection of data, but will continue to require capable, adaptable research vessels for access to the sea for the foreseeable future. Maintaining U.S. leadership in ocean research will require investing in larger and more capable general purpose Global and Regional class ships; involving the scientific community in all phases of ship design and acquisition; and improving coordination between agencies that operate research fleets.

Elements of Physical Oceanography

John H. Steele,Steve A. Thorpe,Karl K. Turekian
Elements of Physical Oceanography Book PDF

Author : John H. Steele,Steve A. Thorpe,Karl K. Turekian
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 663 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2009-08-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780123757258

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Elements of Physical Oceanography by John H. Steele,Steve A. Thorpe,Karl K. Turekian Pdf

Elements of Physical Oceanography is a derivative of the Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, 2nd Edition and serves as an important reference on current physical oceanography knowledge and expertise in one convenient and accessible source. Its selection of articles—all written by experts in their field—focuses on ocean physics, air-sea transfers, waves, mixing, ice, and the processes of transfer of properties such as heat, salinity, momentum and dissolved gases, within and into the ocean. Elements of Physical Oceanography serves as an ideal reference for topical research. References related articles in physical oceanography to facilitate further research Richly illustrated with figures and tables that aid in understanding key concepts Includes an introductory overview and then explores each topic in detail, making it useful to experts and graduate-level researchers Topical arrangement makes it the perfect desk reference

Sea Change

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Guidance for NSF on National Ocean Science Research Priorities: Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences
Sea Change Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Guidance for NSF on National Ocean Science Research Priorities: Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2015-05-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309366915

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Sea Change by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Guidance for NSF on National Ocean Science Research Priorities: Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences Pdf

Ocean science connects a global community of scientists in many disciplines - physics, chemistry, biology, geology and geophysics. New observational and computational technologies are transforming the ability of scientists to study the global ocean with a more integrated and dynamic approach. This enhanced understanding of the ocean is becoming ever more important in an economically and geopolitically connected world, and contributes vital information to policy and decision makers charged with addressing societal interests in the ocean. Science provides the knowledge necessary to realize the benefits and manage the risks of the ocean. Comprehensive understanding of the global ocean is fundamental to forecasting and managing risks from severe storms, adapting to the impacts of climate change, and managing ocean resources. In the United States, the National Science Foundation (NSF) is the primary funder of the basic research which underlies advances in our understanding of the ocean. Sea Change addresses the strategic investments necessary at NSF to ensure a robust ocean scientific enterprise over the next decade. This survey provides guidance from the ocean sciences community on research and facilities priorities for the coming decade and makes recommendations for funding priorities.

Encyclopedia of Ocean Engineering

Weicheng Cui,Shixiao Fu,Zhiqiang Hu
Encyclopedia of Ocean Engineering Book PDF

Author : Weicheng Cui,Shixiao Fu,Zhiqiang Hu
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 2203 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2022-06-29
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789811069468

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Encyclopedia of Ocean Engineering by Weicheng Cui,Shixiao Fu,Zhiqiang Hu Pdf

This encyclopedia adopts a wider definition for the concept of ocean engineering. Specifically, it includes (1) offshore engineering: fixed and floating offshore oil and gas platforms; pipelines and risers; cables and moorings; buoy technology; foundation engineering; ocean mining; marine and offshore renewable energy; aquaculture engineering; and subsea engineering; (2) naval architecture: ship and special marine vehicle design; intact and damaged stability; technology for energy efficiency and green shipping; ship production technology; decommissioning and recycling; (3) polar and Arctic Engineering: ice mechanics; ice-structure interaction; polar operations; polar design; environmental protection; (4) underwater technologies: AUV/ROV design; AUV/ROV hydrodynamics; maneuvering and control; and underwater-specific communicating and sensing systems for AUV/ROVs. It summarizes the A–Z of the background and application knowledge of ocean engineering for use by ocean scientists and ocean engineers as well as nonspecialists such as engineers and scientists from all disciplines, economists, students, and politicians. Ocean engineering theories, ocean devices and equipment, ocean design and operation technologies are described by international experts, many from industry and each entry offers an introduction and references for further study, making current technology and operating practices available for future generations to learn from. The book also furthers our understanding of the current state of the art, leading to new and more efficient technologies with breakthroughs from new theory and materials. As the land resources approach the exploitation limit, ocean resources are becoming the next choice for the sustainable development. As such, ocean engineering is vital in the 21st century.

Strategic Guidance for the National Science Foundation's Support of the Atmospheric Sciences

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Committee on Strategic Guidance for NSF's Support of the Atmospheric Sciences
Strategic Guidance for the National Science Foundation s Support of the Atmospheric Sciences Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Committee on Strategic Guidance for NSF's Support of the Atmospheric Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2007-07-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309103497

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Strategic Guidance for the National Science Foundation's Support of the Atmospheric Sciences by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Committee on Strategic Guidance for NSF's Support of the Atmospheric Sciences Pdf

The National Science Foundation's Division of Atmospheric Sciences (ATM) supports research to develop new understanding of Earth's atmosphere and how the Sun impacts it. Strategic Guidance for the National Science Foundation's Support of the Atmospheric Sciences provides guidance to ATM on its strategy for achieving its goals in the atmospheric sciences, including cutting-edge research, education and workforce development, service to society, computational and observational objectives, and data management. The report reviews how the atmospheric sciences have evolved over the past several decades and analyzes the strengths and limitations of the various modes of support employed by ATM. It concludes that ATM is operating in an environment that is ever more cross-disciplinary, interagency, and international, making a more strategic approach necessary to manage activities in a way that actively engages the atmospheric sciences community. At the same time, ATM should preserve opportunities for basic research, especially projects that are high risk, potentially transformative, or unlikely to be supported by other government agencies. Finally, ATM needs to be more proactive in attracting highly talented students to the atmospheric sciences as an investment in the ability to make future breakthroughs.

Atlantic Salmon in Maine

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Atlantic Salmon in Maine
Atlantic Salmon in Maine Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Atlantic Salmon in Maine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2004-10-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309091350

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Atlantic Salmon in Maine by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Atlantic Salmon in Maine Pdf

Because of the pervasive and substantial decline of Atlantic salmon populations in Maine over the past 150 years, and because they are close to extinction, a comprehensive statewide action should be taken now to ensure their survival. The populations of Atlantic salmon have declined drastically, from an estimated half million adult salmon returning to U.S. rivers each year in the early 1800s to perhaps as few as 1,000 in 2001. The report recommends implementing a formalized decision-making approach to establish priorities, evaluate options and coordinate plans for conserving and restoring the salmon.

Environmental Issues of Deep-Sea Mining

Rahul Sharma
Environmental Issues of Deep Sea Mining Book PDF

Author : Rahul Sharma
Publisher : Springer
Page : 577 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2019-05-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030126964

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Environmental Issues of Deep-Sea Mining by Rahul Sharma Pdf

This volume discusses environmental issues associated with deep-sea mining, with an emphasis on potential impacts, their consequences and the policy perspectives. The book describes the methods and technologies to assess, monitor and mitigate mining impacts on marine environments, and also suggests various approaches for environmental management when conducting deep-sea mining. The volume brings together information and data for researchers, contractors, mining companies, regulators, and NGOs working in the field of deep-sea mining. Section 1 highlights the various environmental issues and discusses methods and approaches that can help in developing environmentally sustainable deep-sea mining. Section 2 details the results and outcomes of studies related to impact assessment of deep-sea mining, and proposes methods for monitoring. Section 3 discusses the need and means for developing data standards and their application to deep-sea mining. Section 4 discusses the policies, approaches, and practices related to deep-sea mining, suggests formats for developing environmental impact statements (EIS) and environmental management plans (EMP), and describes national and international regulations for environmental management. Section 5 concludes the text by putting deep-sea economic activities into an environmental context and conducting techno-economic analyses of deep-sea mining and processing.

Exploration of the Seas

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Exploration of the Seas
Exploration of the Seas Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Exploration of the Seas
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2003-12-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309089272

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Exploration of the Seas by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Exploration of the Seas Pdf

In the summer of 1803, Thomas Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis and William Clark on a journey to establish an American presence in a land of unqualified natural resources and riches. Is it fitting that, on the 200th anniversary of that expedition, the United States, together with international partners, should embark on another journey of exploration in a vastly more extensive region of remarkable potential for discovery. Although the oceans cover more than 70 percent of our planet's surface, much of the ocean has been investigated in only a cursory sense, and many areas have not been investigated at all. Exploration of the Seas assesses the feasibility and potential value of implementing a major, coordinated, international program of ocean exploration and discovery. The study committee surveys national and international ocean programs and strategies for cooperation between governments, institutions, and ocean scientists and explorers, identifying strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in these activities. Based primarily on existing documents, the committee summarizes priority areas for ocean research and exploration and examines existing plans for advancing ocean exploration and knowledge.

Final Comments on the Science Plan for the North Pacific Research Board

National Research Council,Polar Research Board,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on a Science Plan for the North Pacific Research Board
Final Comments on the Science Plan for the North Pacific Research Board Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Polar Research Board,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on a Science Plan for the North Pacific Research Board
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2005-02-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309182072

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Final Comments on the Science Plan for the North Pacific Research Board by National Research Council,Polar Research Board,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on a Science Plan for the North Pacific Research Board Pdf

The North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) was established by Congress in 1997 to recommend marine research activities to the Secretary of Commerce on or relating to the fisheries or marine ecosystem in the North Pacific Ocean, Bering Sea, Arctic Ocean, and related bodies of water. NPRB called on the National Academies to develop a comprehensive long range science plan pertaining to its research activities. This assistance has been provided in two phases. In phase one, beginning in early 2003, a National Academies committee worked to understand the purpose of the NPRB, gather information to help identify research needs, and provide advice on the components of a sound science plan. The committee's assessment is contained in a report released in early 2004, Elements of a Science Plan for the North Pacific Research Board. With this guidance as a tool, the NPRB staff, Science Panel, and Advisory Panel worked together to write a draft science plan to steer the program in the coming decade. During the second phase, the same committee reviewed the NPRB's draft science plan and provided final feedback to the NPRB. It is a focused review, generally following the organization of the NPRB document. This report is intended primarily as a direct communication from the committee to those planning the NPRB's programs, to help them improve the science plan and ensure successful implementation.

Ocean Outpost

Erik Seedhouse
Ocean Outpost Book PDF

Author : Erik Seedhouse
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2010-09-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781441963574

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Ocean Outpost by Erik Seedhouse Pdf

One of the greatest scientific and technological achievements of the 21st century will be to cast a light on the eternal darkness of the deep ocean and this book identifies the key determinants of life or death in its extreme environment. Dr. Erik Seedhouse examines how individuals survive free dives to 200m, how humans adapt to breathing exotic gas mixes at depths exceeding 700m, and how technological innovation will enable humans to enter unendurable realms. The book describes the problems unique to the hostile environment of the deep ocean, such as decompression sickness, discusses how the human body responds to increased pressure, and what happens when adaptive mechanisms fail. Ocean Outpost describes how the technology will evolve, how crews will be selected and trained and what a typical underwater mission will entail. The book also chronicles the frontiers of diving medicine that will eventually take humans into the midst of a world we could once only guess at.

Issues and Opportunities Regarding the U.S. Space Program

National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board,Space Studies Board,Pamela L. Whitney,Richard B. Leshner,Radford Byerly, Jr.
Issues and Opportunities Regarding the U S Space Program Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board,Space Studies Board,Pamela L. Whitney,Richard B. Leshner,Radford Byerly, Jr.
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2004-03-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309091466

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Issues and Opportunities Regarding the U.S. Space Program by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board,Space Studies Board,Pamela L. Whitney,Richard B. Leshner,Radford Byerly, Jr. Pdf

Ever since the completion of the Apollo program, there has been a lack of consensus about the future of human spaceflight. The Columbia tragedy in February 2003 rekindled public debate about this question. In November 2003, the Space Studies Board and the Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board organized a workshop to explore aspects of the question, what should be the principal purpose, goals, and priorities of the U.S. civil space program? This report presents a factual summary of that workshop, which identified past lessons learned and guiding principles for the future of the civil space program. Seven broad themes emerged from the workshop, and these themes are highlighted in the report. The report also presents discussions of strategies for the human spaceflight program and guiding principles of and boundary conditions for a 21st century space policy.

Drawing Louisiana's New Map

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on the Restoration and Protection of Coastal Louisiana
Drawing Louisiana s New Map Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on the Restoration and Protection of Coastal Louisiana
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2006-03-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309100540

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Drawing Louisiana's New Map by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on the Restoration and Protection of Coastal Louisiana Pdf

During the past 50 years, coastal Louisiana has suffered catastrophic land loss due to both natural and human causes. This loss has increased storm vulnerability and amplified risks to lives, property, and economies-a fact underscored by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Drawing Louisiana's New Map reviews a restoration plan proposed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the State of Louisiana, finding that, although the individual projects in the study are scientifically sound, there should be more and larger scale projects that provide a comprehensive approach to addressing land loss over such a large area. More importantly, the study should be guided by a detailed map of the expected future landscape of coastal Louisiana that is developed from agreed upon goals for the region and the nation.

Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Characterizing Biologically Significant Marine Mammal Behavior
Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Characterizing Biologically Significant Marine Mammal Behavior
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 143 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2005-02-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309094498

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Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Characterizing Biologically Significant Marine Mammal Behavior Pdf

Attention has been drawn to the subject of how ocean noise affects marine mammals by a series of marine mammal strandings, lawsuits, and legislative hearings, and most recently, the report from the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy. One way to assess the impact of ocean noise is to consider whether it causes changes in animal behavior that are "biologically significant," that is, those that affect an animal's ability to grow, survive, and reproduce. This report offers a conceptual model designed to clarify which marine mammal behaviors are biologically significant for conservation purposes. The report is intended to help scientists and policymakers interpret provisions of the federal Marine Mammal Protection Act.