Gamma And X Ray Spectrometry With Semiconductor Detectors

Author : Klaus Debertin,Richard G. Helmer
Publisher : North Holland
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Gamma ray spectrometry
ISBN : UCAL:B5012422

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Gamma- and X-ray Spectrometry with Semiconductor Detectors by Klaus Debertin,Richard G. Helmer Pdf

Hardbound. This book covers the topics essential to gamma- and x-ray spectrometry as it is now practiced with semiconductor detectors in the energy range from 5keV to 3MeV. This includes useful physical and mathematical background information, the components of a standard photon spectrometer, spectrum analysis procedures, the energy and efficiency calibration, energy and emission-rate measurement methods and some application examples.

Author : C. E. Crouthamel,F. Adams,R. Dams
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 772 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483280561

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Applied Gamma-Ray Spectrometry by C. E. Crouthamel,F. Adams,R. Dams Pdf

Applied Gamma-Ray Spectrometry covers real life application of the gamma-ray and the devices used in their experimental studies. This book is organized into 9 chapters, and starts with discussions of the various decay processes, the possible interaction mechanisms of gamma radiation with matter, and the intrinsic and extrinsic variables, which affect the observed gamma-ray and X-ray spectra. The subsequent chapters deal with the properties and fabrication of scintillation detectors, semiconductor detectors, and proportional gas counters. These chapters present some of the most widely utilized applications of these detectors, with a particular emphasis to the activation analysis. These topics are followed by reviews of the description of basic equipment, such as amplifiers, analyzers, special spectrometer arrangements, and detector shielding. Other chapters describe energy and time resolution and quantitative calibration. The quantitative and qualitative interpretation of the spectra is also explained, along with the calibration of the detectors. The last chapter considers the analytical applications of gamma-ray and X-ray spectrometry in tracer studies, activation analysis, fission product studies, and X-ray fluorescence analysis. This book will be of value to analytical chemists and analytical chemistry researchers.

Author : B. G. Lowe,R. A. Sareen
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 610 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2013-12-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781466554016

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Semiconductor X-Ray Detectors by B. G. Lowe,R. A. Sareen Pdf

Identifying and measuring the elemental x-rays released when materials are examined with particles (electrons, protons, alpha particles, etc.) or photons (x-rays and gamma rays) is still considered to be the primary analytical technique for routine and non-destructive materials analysis. The Lithium Drifted Silicon (Si(Li)) X-Ray Detector, with its

Author : Gordon Gilmore
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 597 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2011-09-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119964698

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Practical Gamma-ray Spectroscopy by Gordon Gilmore Pdf

The Second Edition of Practical Gamma-Ray Spectrometry has been completely revised and updated, providing comprehensive coverage of the whole gamma-ray detection and spectrum analysis processes. Drawn on many years of teaching experience to produce this uniquely practical volume, issues discussed include the origin of gamma-rays and the issue of quality assurance in gamma-ray spectrometry. This new edition also covers the analysis of decommissioned nuclear plants, computer modelling systems for calibration, uncertainty measurements in QA, and many more topics.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015064123303

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Hard X-ray and Gamma-ray Detector Physics and Penetrating Radiation Systems VIII by Anonim Pdf

Proceedings of SPIE present the original research papers presented at SPIE conferences and other high-quality conferences in the broad-ranging fields of optics and photonics. These books provide prompt access to the latest innovations in research and technology in their respective fields. Proceedings of SPIE are among the most cited references in patent literature.

Author : Krzysztof Iniewski,Jan S. Iwanczyk
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2021-11-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781000462210

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Radiation Detection Systems by Krzysztof Iniewski,Jan S. Iwanczyk Pdf

The advances in semiconductor detectors, scintillators, photodetectors such as silicon photomultipliers (SiPM), and reaodut electronics have experienced tremendous growth in recent years in terms of basic technologies and variety of applications.The second edition of the book Radiation Detection Systems presents variety of radiation detection systems giving readers a broad view of the state-of–the-art in the design of detectors, front-end electronics and systems offering optimized choices of the detection tools for a particular application. The new edition has been divided into two volumes. This first volume, on Sensor Materials, Systems, Technology and Characterization Measurements puts emphasis on sensor materials, detector structures, front electronics technology and their designs as well as system optimization for different applications. Also, the book include characterization measurements of the developed detection systems. Featuring contributions from leading experts and pioneers in their respective fields, this book • describes progress in growth technologies of cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe) and cadmium telluride (CdTe) materials • shows variety of specific detector structure designs and their integration with front-end amplification/processing electronics • presents detection systems based on CdZnTe and CdTe detector technologies that are optimized for specific applications. The designed systems are characterized in terms of their spectral responses, spatial and timing resolutions • addresses incomplete charge collection, pulse pileup, charge sharing between neighboring detector pixels and other phenomena that can degrade the spectral response of photon-counting detectors • reports new developments of silicon photomultipliers used for reading the light from scintillators that starting to make a big impact particularly in the design concepts of novel medical instrumentation With its combined coverage of new materials and innovative new system approaches, as well as a succinct overview of recent developments, this book is an invaluable tool for any engineer, professional, or student working in electronics or an associated field. Readers can refer to the second book to get a detailed understanding of more specific applications of the detection systems in medical imaging, industrial testing and security applications.

Author : Pál Quittner,David Anthony Durham
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1972
Category : Computer-assisted instruction
ISBN : UCAL:B3014755

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Gamma-ray Spectroscopy: with Particular Reference to Detector and Computer Evaluation Techniques by Pál Quittner,David Anthony Durham Pdf

Author : D. N. Poenaru,N. Vilcov
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Ionizing radiation
ISBN : UCAL:$B734352

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Measurement of Nuclear Radiation with Semiconductor Detectors by D. N. Poenaru,N. Vilcov Pdf

CONTENTS - MAIN NOTATIONS - CONTENTS - CHAPTER I. - INTERACTION OF THE NUCLEAR RADIATION WITH MATTER - 1.1. Interaction of heavy charged particles with matter - 1.2. Passage of electrons through matter - 1.3. Interaction processes of gamma and X-rays - 1.4. Interaction processes of neutrons - 1.5. Conclusions - CHAPTER II. - FUNDAMENTAL PROCESSES IN SEMICONDUCTORS AND METALS - 2.1. Schrödinger equation. The particle inside the potential well - 2.2. The hydrogen atom - 2.3. Theory of the periodic system of elements - 2.4. Electrons in crystals - 2.5. Effective mass - 2.6. Energy bands - 2.7. Statistical distributions - 2.8. Equilibrium density of charge carriers in semiconductors - 2.9. Transport phenomena - 2.10. Recombination phenomena - 2.11. P-N junction - 2.12. Phenomena at the metal-semiconductor interface - CHAPTER III. - WORKING PRINCIPLES OF NUCLEAR RADIATION SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTORS - 3.1. Charge-carrier injection. The mean energy for electron-hole pair production - 3.2. The drift of charge-carriers in the electric field. The shape of the current and voltage pulse given by the collection of a single pair. - 3.3. Collection time of electron-hole pairs in a P-N abrupt junction - 3.4. Collection time of electron-hole pairs in coaxial Ge (Li) detectors - 3.5. Influence of SD equivalent circuit elements on the voltage and current pulse shape - 3.6. Collection of charge-carriers in real devices - 3.7. Collection of electric charges by diffusion from outside the depletion layer - 3.8. Detector noise - 3.9. Detector energy resolution - CHAPTER IV - CHARACTERISTICS OF SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTORS - 4.1. Electrical characteristics - 4.2. Detection characteristics - 4.3. Effects of temperature, magnetic field and light on the semiconductor detector characteristics - 4.4. Detector sensitivity to neutrons and gamma-rays - 4.5. Effects of radiation damage on detector characteristics - CHAPTER V - SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTOR TYPES - 5.1. Methods for obtaining high electric fields in semiconductors - 5.2. Homogeneous semiconductor detectors - 5.3. Diffused N-P junction detectors - 5.4. Surface-barrier detectors - 5.5. Guard-ring detectors - 5.6. Totally depleted detectors - 5.7. Neutron detectors - 5.8. Special detectors - 5.9. NIP detectors - CHAPTER VI - AMPLIFICATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTOR ELECTRIC PULSES - 6.1. Electric charge to voltage pulse conversion - 6.2. Charge-sensitive-preamplifier-noise specification and measurement - 6.S. Amplifier-noise sources - 6.4. Effects of amplifier shaping circuits on noise spectra - 6.5. RC-RC amplifier signal to noise ratio - CHAPTER VII - SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTOR ASSOCIATED ELECTRONICS - 7.1. Spectrometers with semiconductor detectors - 7.2. Charge sensitive preamplifiers - 7.3. Main amplifier - 7.4. Amplitude analyser and expander - 7.5. High amplitude stability pulse generator - 7.6. Transistorized apparatus - APPENDIX A I: Basic properties of Si and Ge - APPENDIX A II: Main natural and artificial alpha sources - APPENDIX A III: Analysis of some circuits used in charge sensitive preamplifiers - REFERENCES -

Author : Richard B. Hoover,F. Patrick Doty,Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers
Publisher : SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015038521475

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Hard X-ray/gamma-ray and Neutron Optics, Sensors, and Applications by Richard B. Hoover,F. Patrick Doty,Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers Pdf

Author : Kai Siegbahn
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 986 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1965
Category : Alpha rays
ISBN : UCAL:B3763910

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Alpha- Beta- and Gamma-ray Spectroscopy by Kai Siegbahn Pdf

Author : Claus Grupen,Irène Buvat
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1251 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2012-01-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642132711

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Handbook of Particle Detection and Imaging by Claus Grupen,Irène Buvat Pdf

The handbook centers on detection techniques in the field of particle physics, medical imaging and related subjects. It is structured into three parts. The first one is dealing with basic ideas of particle detectors, followed by applications of these devices in high energy physics and other fields. In the last part the large field of medical imaging using similar detection techniques is described. The different chapters of the book are written by world experts in their field. Clear instructions on the detection techniques and principles in terms of relevant operation parameters for scientists and graduate students are given.Detailed tables and diagrams will make this a very useful handbook for the application of these techniques in many different fields like physics, medicine, biology and other areas of natural science.

Author : Ralph B. James
Publisher : SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : UOM:39015056299251

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X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors and Applications IV by Ralph B. James Pdf

Author : F. Patrick Doty,Richard B. Hoover
Publisher : SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Science
ISBN : 0819429015

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Hard X-ray and Gamma-ray Detector Physics and Applications by F. Patrick Doty,Richard B. Hoover Pdf

The applications of hard X-ray and Gamma-ray detector physics covered by the various papers presented in this volume include semiconductor materials and detectors, and high-pressure xenon detectors.

Author : Shatendra K Sharma
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2012-02-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789533079677

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X-Ray Spectroscopy by Shatendra K Sharma Pdf

The x-ray is the only invention that became a regular diagnostic tool in hospitals within a week of its first observation by Roentgen in 1895. Even today, x-rays are a great characterization tool at the hands of scientists working in almost every field, such as medicine, physics, material science, space science, chemistry, archeology, and metallurgy. With vast existing applications of x-rays, it is even more surprising that every day people are finding new applications of x-rays or refining the existing techniques. This book consists of selected chapters on the recent applications of x-ray spectroscopy that are of great interest to the scientists and engineers working in the fields of material science, physics, chemistry, astrophysics, astrochemistry, instrumentation, and techniques of x-ray based characterization. The chapters have been grouped into two major sections based upon the techniques and applications. The book covers some basic principles of satellite x-rays as characterization tools for chemical properties and the physics of detectors and x-ray spectrometer. The techniques like EDXRF, WDXRF, EPMA, satellites, micro-beam analysis, particle induced XRF, and matrix effects are discussed. The characterization of thin films and ceramic materials using x-rays is also covered.

Author : Alan Owens
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2016-10-26
Category : Compound semiconductors
ISBN : 1138199583

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Compound Semiconductor Radiation Detectors by Alan Owens Pdf

For many applications, compound semiconductors are now viable competitors to elemental semiconductors because of their wide range of physical properties. This book describes all aspects of radiation detection and measurement using compound semiconductors, including crystal growth, detector fabrication, contacting, and spectroscopic performance (with particular emphasis on the X- and gamma-ray regimes). A concentrated reference for researchers in various disciplines as well as graduate students in specialized courses, the text outlines the potential and limitations of semiconductor detectors.