Gender And The Science Of Difference

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Gender and the Science of Difference

Jill A. Fisher
Gender and the Science of Difference Book PDF

Author : Jill A. Fisher
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2011-06-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780813550794

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Gender and the Science of Difference by Jill A. Fisher Pdf

How does contemporary science contribute to our understanding about what it means to be women or men? What are the social implications of scientific claims about differences between "male" and "female" brains, hormones, and genes? How does culture influence scientific and medical research and its findings about human sexuality, especially so-called normal and deviant desires and behaviors? Gender and the Science of Difference examines how contemporary science shapes and is shaped by gender ideals and images. Prior scholarship has illustrated how past cultures of science were infused with patriarchal norms and values that influenced the kinds of research that was conducted and the interpretation of findings about differences between men and women. This interdisciplinary volume presents empirical inquiries into today's science, including examples of gendered scientific inquiry and medical interventions and research. It analyzes how scientific and medical knowledge produces gender norms through an emphasis on sex differences, and includes both U.S. and non-U.S. cases and examples.

Delusions of Gender: How Our Minds, Society, and Neurosexism Create Difference

Cordelia Fine
Delusions of Gender How Our Minds Society and Neurosexism Create Difference Book PDF

Author : Cordelia Fine
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2010-08-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0393079252

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Delusions of Gender: How Our Minds, Society, and Neurosexism Create Difference by Cordelia Fine Pdf

“[Fine’s] sharp tongue is tempered with humor. . . . Read this book and see how complex and fascinating the whole issue is.”—The New York Times It’s the twenty-first century, and although we tried to rear unisex children—boys who play with dolls and girls who like trucks—we failed. Even though the glass ceiling is cracked, most women stay comfortably beneath it. And everywhere we hear about vitally important “hardwired” differences between male and female brains. The neuroscience that we read about in magazines, newspaper articles, books, and sometimes even scientific journals increasingly tells a tale of two brains, and the result is more often than not a validation of the status quo. Women, it seems, are just too intuitive for math; men too focused for housework. Drawing on the latest research in neuroscience and psychology, Cordelia Fine debunks the myth of hardwired differences between men’s and women’s brains, unraveling the evidence behind such claims as men’s brains aren’t wired for empathy and women’s brains aren’t made to fix cars. She then goes one step further, offering a very different explanation of the dissimilarities between men’s and women’s behavior. Instead of a “male brain” and a “female brain,” Fine gives us a glimpse of plastic, mutable minds that are continuously influenced by cultural assumptions about gender. Passionately argued and unfailingly astute, Delusions of Gender provides us with a much-needed corrective to the belief that men’s and women’s brains are intrinsically different—a belief that, as Fine shows with insight and humor, all too often works to the detriment of ourselves and our society.

Why Gender Matters

Leonard Sax, M.D., Ph.D.
Why Gender Matters Book PDF

Author : Leonard Sax, M.D., Ph.D.
Publisher : Harmony
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2007-12-18
Category : Family & Relationships
ISBN : 9780307419583

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Why Gender Matters by Leonard Sax, M.D., Ph.D. Pdf

Are boys and girls really that different? Twenty years ago, doctors and researchers didn’t think so. Back then, most experts believed that differences in how girls and boys behave are mainly due to differences in how they were treated by their parents, teachers, and friends. It's hard to cling to that belief today. An avalanche of research over the past twenty years has shown that sex differences are more significant and profound than anybody guessed. Sex differences are real, biologically programmed, and important to how children are raised, disciplined, and educated. In Why Gender Matters, psychologist and family physician Dr. Leonard Sax leads parents through the mystifying world of gender differences by explaining the biologically different ways in which children think, feel, and act. He addresses a host of issues, including discipline, learning, risk taking, aggression, sex, and drugs, and shows how boys and girls react in predictable ways to different situations. For example, girls are born with more sensitive hearing than boys, and those differences increase as kids grow up. So when a grown man speaks to a girl in what he thinks is a normal voice, she may hear it as yelling. Conversely, boys who appear to be inattentive in class may just be sitting too far away to hear the teacher—especially if the teacher is female. Likewise, negative emotions are seated in an ancient structure of the brain called the amygdala. Girls develop an early connection between this area and the cerebral cortex, enabling them to talk about their feelings. In boys these links develop later. So if you ask a troubled adolescent boy to tell you what his feelings are, he often literally cannot say. Dr. Sax offers fresh approaches to disciplining children, as well as gender-specific ways to help girls and boys avoid drugs and early sexual activity. He wants parents to understand and work with hardwired differences in children, but he also encourages them to push beyond gender-based stereotypes. A leading proponent of single-sex education, Dr. Sax points out specific instances where keeping boys and girls separate in the classroom has yielded striking educational, social, and interpersonal benefits. Despite the view of many educators and experts on child-rearing that sex differences should be ignored or overcome, parents and teachers would do better to recognize, understand, and make use of the biological differences that make a girl a girl, and a boy a boy.

Science and Gender

Ruth Bleier
Science and Gender Book PDF

Author : Ruth Bleier
Publisher : Pergamon
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Biology
ISBN : UOM:39015009289607

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Science and Gender by Ruth Bleier Pdf

Bleier (neurophysiology, U. of Wisconsin-Madison) dissects the theme of women's biological inferiority contending that science has been engaged in elaborate mythologizing to explain the subordinate position of women in Western civilizations since Aristotle. Exploring the scientific and ideological bases of contemporary theories in gender differences, the author critically examines studies in sociobiology, sex differences in brain structure and cognitive function, human cultural evolution, anthropology, and sexuality. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Sex, Gender, and Science

M. Hird
Sex Gender and Science Book PDF

Author : M. Hird
Publisher : Springer
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2004-11-05
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780230510715

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Sex, Gender, and Science by M. Hird Pdf

In Sex, Gender and Science , Myra Hird outlines the social study of science and nature, specifically in relation to 'sex', sex 'differences' and sexuality. She examines how Western understandings of 'sex' are based less upon understanding material sex differences, than on a discourse that emphasizes sex dichotomy over sex diversity and argues for a feminist engagement with scientific debate that embraces the diversity and complexity of nature.

Gender and the Science of Difference

Jill A. Fisher
Gender and the Science of Difference Book PDF

Author : Jill A. Fisher
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780813550466

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Gender and the Science of Difference by Jill A. Fisher Pdf

How does contemporary science contribute to our understanding about what it means to be women or men? What are the social implications of scientific claims about differences between "male" and "female" brains, hormones, and genes? How does culture influence scientific and medical research and its findings about human sexuality, especially so-called normal and deviant desires and behaviors? Gender and the Science of Difference examines how contemporary science shapes and is shaped by gender ideals and images. Prior scholarship has illustrated how past cultures of science were infused with patriarchal norms and values that influenced the kinds of research that was conducted and the interpretation of findings about differences between men and women. This interdisciplinary volume presents empirical inquiries into today's science, including examples of gendered scientific inquiry and medical interventions and research. It analyzes how scientific and medical knowledge produces gender norms through an emphasis on sex differences, and includes both U.S. and non-U.S. cases and examples.

Gender Differences at Critical Transitions in the Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty

National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine,Committee on Gender Differences in Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty
Gender Differences at Critical Transitions in the Careers of Science Engineering and Mathematics Faculty Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine,Committee on Gender Differences in Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2010-06-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309155861

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Gender Differences at Critical Transitions in the Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine,Committee on Gender Differences in Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty Pdf

Gender Differences at Critical Transitions in the Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty presents new and surprising findings about career differences between female and male full-time, tenure-track, and tenured faculty in science, engineering, and mathematics at the nation's top research universities. Much of this congressionally mandated book is based on two unique surveys of faculty and departments at major U.S. research universities in six fields: biology, chemistry, civil engineering, electrical engineering, mathematics, and physics. A departmental survey collected information on departmental policies, recent tenure and promotion cases, and recent hires in almost 500 departments. A faculty survey gathered information from a stratified, random sample of about 1,800 faculty on demographic characteristics, employment experiences, the allocation of institutional resources such as laboratory space, professional activities, and scholarly productivity. This book paints a timely picture of the status of female faculty at top universities, clarifies whether male and female faculty have similar opportunities to advance and succeed in academia, challenges some commonly held views, and poses several questions still in need of answers. This book will be of special interest to university administrators and faculty, graduate students, policy makers, professional and academic societies, federal funding agencies, and others concerned with the vitality of the U.S. research base and economy.

The Gender and Science Reader

Muriel Lederman,Ingrid Bartsch
The Gender and Science Reader Book PDF

Author : Muriel Lederman,Ingrid Bartsch
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : History
ISBN : 0415213576

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The Gender and Science Reader by Muriel Lederman,Ingrid Bartsch Pdf

The Gender and Science Reader brings together key articles in a comprehensive investigations of the nature and practice of science.

Delusions of Gender

Cordelia Fine
Delusions of Gender Book PDF

Author : Cordelia Fine
Publisher : Icon Books Ltd
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2005-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781848313965

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Delusions of Gender by Cordelia Fine Pdf

THE BRILLIANT AND HUGELY INFLUENTIAL BOOK BY THE WINNER OF THE 2017 ROYAL SOCIETY INSIGHT INVESTMENT SCIENCE BOOKS PRIZE 'Fun, droll yet deeply serious.' New Scientist 'A brilliant feminist critic of the neurosciences ... Read her, enjoy and learn.' Hilary Rose, THES 'A witty and meticulously researched exposé of the sloppy studies that pass for scientific evidence in so many of today's bestselling books on sex differences.' Carol Tavris, TLS Gender inequalities are increasingly defended by citing hard-wired differences between the male and female brain. That's why, we're told, there are so few women in science, so few men in the laundry room – different brains are just suited to different things. With sparkling wit and humour, Cordelia Fine attacks this 'neurosexism', revealing the mind's remarkable plasticity, the substantial influence of culture on identity, and the malleability of what we consider to be 'hardwired' difference. This modern classic shows the surprising extent to which boys and girls, men and women are made – not born.

Gender Differences in Different Contexts

Aida Alvinius
Gender Differences in Different Contexts Book PDF

Author : Aida Alvinius
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2017-02-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789535129059

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Gender Differences in Different Contexts by Aida Alvinius Pdf

The development of gender differences as an area of research has been rapid over the last decades. Varieties of studies have focused on the gender differences as well as the similarities of women and men. The common purpose of the research attempt is to find out the possibilities and even the consequences of gender differences and the impact on human beings on one side, and social and cultural environment on the other. This book is an attempt to provide theoretical and empirical framework to better understand gender differences in various contexts and on different levels. Therefore, the contributions cover an array of themes that span from an individual level to an organizational and societal level.

Different: Gender Through the Eyes of a Primatologist

Frans de Waal
Different Gender Through the Eyes of a Primatologist Book PDF

Author : Frans de Waal
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 515 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2022-04-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781324007111

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Different: Gender Through the Eyes of a Primatologist by Frans de Waal Pdf

“Every new book by Frans de Waal is a cause for excitement, and this one is no different. A breath of fresh air in the cramped debate about the differences between men and women. Fascinating, nuanced, and very timely.” —Rutger Bregman, author of Humankind: A Hopeful History In Different, world-renowned primatologist Frans de Waal draws on decades of observation and studies of both human and animal behavior to argue that despite the linkage between gender and biological sex, biology does not automatically support the traditional gender roles in human societies. While humans and other primates do share some behavioral differences, biology offers no justification for existing gender inequalities. Using chimpanzees and bonobos to illustrate this point—two ape relatives that are genetically equally close to humans—de Waal challenges widely held beliefs about masculinity and femininity, and common assumptions about authority, leadership, cooperation, competition, filial bonds, and sexual behavior. Chimpanzees are male-dominated and violent, while bonobos are female-dominated and peaceful. In both species, political power needs to be distinguished from physical dominance. Power is not limited to the males, and both sexes show true leadership capacities. Different is a fresh and thought-provoking approach to the long-running debate about the balance between nature and nurture, and where sex and gender roles fit in. De Waal peppers his discussion with details from his own life—a Dutch childhood in a family of six boys, his marriage to a French woman with a different orientation toward gender, and decades of academic turf wars over outdated scientific theories that have proven hard to dislodge from public discourse. He discusses sexual orientation, gender identity, and the limitations of the gender binary, exceptions to which are also found in other primates. With humor, clarity, and compassion, Different seeks to broaden the conversation about human gender dynamics by promoting an inclusive model that embraces differences, rather than negating them.

Women in Mathematics

Claudia Henrion
Women in Mathematics Book PDF

Author : Claudia Henrion
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1997-10-22
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0253114993

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Women in Mathematics by Claudia Henrion Pdf

"... a wonderful addition to any mathematics teacher's professional bookshelf." -- The Mathematics Teacher "The individual biographies themselves make for enthralling, often inspiring, reading... this volume should be compelling reading for women mathematics students and professionals. A fine addition to the literature on women in science... Highly recommended." -- Choice "... it makes an important contribution to scholarship on the interrelations of gender, mathematics, and culture in the U.S. in the second half of the twentieth century." -- Notices of the AMS "Who is the audience for this book? Certainly women who are interested in studying mathematics and women already in mathematics who have become discouraged will find much to interest and help them. Faculty who teach such women would put it to good use. But it would be a loss to relegate the book to a shelf for occasional reference to an interested student or beginning mathematician. Everyone in the mathematics community in which each of Henrion's subjects struggled so hard to find a place could benefit by a thoughtful reading." -- Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) News Mathematics is often described as the purest of the sciences, the least tainted by subjective or cultural influences. Theoretically, the only requirement for a life of mathematics is mathematical ability. And yet we see very few women mathematicians. Why? Based upon a series of ten intensive interviews with prominent women mathematicians throughout the United States, this book investigates the role of gender in the complex relationship between mathematician, the mathematical community, and mathematics itself.

The End of Gender

Debra Soh
The End of Gender Book PDF

Author : Debra Soh
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2021-08-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781982132521

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The End of Gender by Debra Soh Pdf

"International sex researcher, neuroscientist, and frequent contributor to The Globe and Mail (Toronto) Debra Soh [discusses what she sees as] gender myths in this ... examination of the many facets of gender identity"--

Sex Differences: A Land of Confusion

Zachary Elliott
Sex Differences A Land of Confusion Book PDF

Author : Zachary Elliott
Publisher : Lulu.com
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2017-11-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781387380916

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Sex Differences: A Land of Confusion by Zachary Elliott Pdf

It's the 21st century, and we are still being told that there are no differences between men and women, and that any differences we think exist are simply the result of social constructs--to claim otherwise is considered sexist and misogynistic. Sociologists point to disparities in the workforce, claiming these inequalities are the result of a patriarchal society. Yet what if these disparities could be explained through men and women's own choices and inclinations? What if, instead of simply resulting from the patriarchy, sexism, or societal-imposed gender roles, these differences can be explained through a multitude of factors--a mix of complex and interconnected variables? A look at the current scientific literature on sex differences and their origins, this paper reviews data from the fields of biology, psychology, evolutionary behavioral science, neuroendocrinology, and neurology, showing the complicated and nuanced nature of average sex differences between males and females.

Testosterone Rex: Myths of Sex, Science, and Society

Cordelia Fine
Testosterone Rex Myths of Sex Science and Society Book PDF

Author : Cordelia Fine
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2017-01-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780393253887

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Testosterone Rex: Myths of Sex, Science, and Society by Cordelia Fine Pdf

“Beliefs about men and women are as old as humanity itself, but Fine’s funny, spiky book gives reason to hope that we’ve heard Testosterone rex’s last roar.” —Annie Murphy Paul, New York Times Book Review Many people believe that, at its core, biological sex is a fundamental force in human development. According to this false-yet-familiar story, the divisions between men and women are in nature alone and not part of culture. Drawing on evolutionary science, psychology, neuroscience, endocrinology, and philosophy, Testosterone Rex disproves this ingrained myth and calls for a more equal society based on both sexes’ full human potential.