Gene Flow From Gm Plants

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Gene Flow from GM Plants

Guy M. Poppy,Michael J. Wilkinson
Gene Flow from GM Plants Book PDF

Author : Guy M. Poppy,Michael J. Wilkinson
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2008-04-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470994108

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Gene Flow from GM Plants by Guy M. Poppy,Michael J. Wilkinson Pdf

Gene flow is not unique to genetically modified (GM) crops, but the possibility of the spread of transgenic DNA to wild and domesticated relatives raises a new set of issues for scientists and policymakers to consider. Unfortunately, we are still too often unable to quantify the risks of ecological damage associated with gene flow. This is due partly to the huge breadth of knowledge required to assemble a comprehensive risk assessment. For example, many scientists active in research on the mechanics of gene flow nevertheless lack a deep understanding of what is required to identify, characterise and assess ecological risk, and many of those who are aware of the risk assessment process and the framework used for legislation have insufficient knowledge of the reproductive biology, agricultural systems, modelling and ecological literature required to compile a balanced risk assessment. This book, set in the context of gene flow in general, considers the assessment, measurement and management of the risks of gene flow from GM plants, combining the expertise of all the various stakeholders. It is directed at researchers and professionals in plant molecular genetics and plant ecology, in both the academic and industrial sectors.

Gene Flow Between Crops and Their Wild Relatives

Meike S. Andersson,M. Carmen de Vicente
Gene Flow Between Crops and Their Wild Relatives Book PDF

Author : Meike S. Andersson,M. Carmen de Vicente
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 605 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2010-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780801893148

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Gene Flow Between Crops and Their Wild Relatives by Meike S. Andersson,M. Carmen de Vicente Pdf

Reviewing the relevant scientific and technical literature, this work summarizes the current state-of-the-art knowledge related to gene flow and introgression (the permanent incorporation of genetic information from one set of differentiated populations into another) between genetically modified crops and their wild relatives. They analyze the biological framework for protecting the genetic integrity of indigenous wild relatives of crops in centers of crop origin and diversity, focusing on the issues of emission, dispersal, and deposition of pollen and/or seed; the likelihood and extent of gene flow from crops to wild relatives; and stabilization and the spread of traits in wild species. The material is organized into crop chapters, each of which covers general biological information of the crop; the most important crop wild relatives together with information about their ploidy levels, diverse genomes, centers of origin, and geographic distribution; the crop's potential for hybridization with its wild relatives; pollen flow studies related to pollen dispersal distances and hybridization rates; the current state of the genetic modification technology regarding that crop; and research gaps. The crop chapters discuss banana and plantain; barley; canola and oilseed rape; cassava, manioc, and yucca; chickpea; common bean; cotton; cowpea; finger millet; maize and corn; oat; peanut and groundnut; pearl millet; pigeonpea; potato; rice; sorghum; soybean; sweet potato, batata, and camote; and wheat and bread wheat.

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

Katie Eastham,Jeremy Sweet
Genetically Modified Organisms GMOs Book PDF

Author : Katie Eastham,Jeremy Sweet
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 82 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015057642129

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Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) by Katie Eastham,Jeremy Sweet Pdf

Written by experts from the European Science Foundation, this report examines the potential environmental impact of the transfer by pollen of genes from six major genetically modified (GM) crop types that are close to commercial release in the EU: oilseed rape, sugar beet, potatoes, maize, wheat and barley. The report also includes a short review of the current status of GM fruit crops in Europe.

Genetically Modified Plants

Roger Hull,George T. Tzotzos,Graham Head
Genetically Modified Plants Book PDF

Author : Roger Hull,George T. Tzotzos,Graham Head
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2009-07-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080920764

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Genetically Modified Plants by Roger Hull,George T. Tzotzos,Graham Head Pdf

A transgenic organism is a plant, animal, bacterium, or other living organism that has had a foreign gene added to it by means of genetic engineering. Transgenic plants can arise by natural movement of genes between species, by cross-pollination based hybridization between different plant species (which is a common event in flowering plant evolution), or by laboratory manipulations by artificial insertion of genes from another species. Methods used in traditional breeding that generate transgenic plants by non-recombinant methods are widely familiar to professional plant scientists, and serve important roles in securing a sustainable future for agriculture by protecting crops from pest and helping land and water to be used more efficiently.There is worldwide interest in the biosafety issues related to transgenic crops because of issues such as increased pesticide use, increased crop and weed resistance to pesticides, gene flow to related plant species, negative effects on nontarget organisms, and reduced crop and ecosystem diversity. This book is intended to provide the basic information for a wide range of people involved in the release of transgenic crops. These will include scientists and researchers in the initial stage of developing transgenic products, industrialists, and decision makers. It will be of particular interest to plant scientists taking up biotechnological approaches to agricultural improvement for developing nations. Discusses traditional and future technology for genetic modification Compares conventional non-GM approaches and genetic modification Presents a risk assessment methodology for GM techniques Details mitigation techniques for human and environmental effects

Gene Flow

Wei Wei,C. Neal Stewart Jr.
Gene Flow Book PDF

Author : Wei Wei,C. Neal Stewart Jr.
Publisher : CABI
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2021-11-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781789247480

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Gene Flow by Wei Wei,C. Neal Stewart Jr. Pdf

Gene flow is a natural process that occurs spontaneously and enables the evolution of life. However, with the release of genetically modified organisms, concerns have focused on introduced foreign transgenes and their dispersal in nature through gene flow. This book examines gene flow of transgenes, such as herbicide resistance genes, with the goal of understanding the factors that may affect the process of gene flow. A greater biological understanding is essential to make sound management regulatory decisions when also taking into consideration the processes that happen in conventional plants. Monitoring, modelling, and mitigation are the three most closely related elements of gene flow. The book includes both scientific reviews and perspectives on gene flow and experimental case studies, including studies of gene flow in soybean and poplar. The authors present diverse views and research methodologies to understand transgene flow.

Safety of Genetically Engineered Foods

National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Food and Nutrition Board,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Identifying and Assessing Unintended Effects of Genetically Engineered Foods on Human Health
Safety of Genetically Engineered Foods Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Food and Nutrition Board,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Identifying and Assessing Unintended Effects of Genetically Engineered Foods on Human Health
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2004-07-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309166157

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Safety of Genetically Engineered Foods by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Food and Nutrition Board,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Identifying and Assessing Unintended Effects of Genetically Engineered Foods on Human Health Pdf

Assists policymakers in evaluating the appropriate scientific methods for detecting unintended changes in food and assessing the potential for adverse health effects from genetically modified products. In this book, the committee recommended that greater scrutiny should be given to foods containing new compounds or unusual amounts of naturally occurring substances, regardless of the method used to create them. The book offers a framework to guide federal agencies in selecting the route of safety assessment. It identifies and recommends several pre- and post-market approaches to guide the assessment of unintended compositional changes that could result from genetically modified foods and research avenues to fill the knowledge gaps.

Genetically Engineered Crops

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on Genetically Engineered Crops: Past Experience and Future Prospects
Genetically Engineered Crops Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on Genetically Engineered Crops: Past Experience and Future Prospects
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 607 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2017-01-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309437387

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Genetically Engineered Crops by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on Genetically Engineered Crops: Past Experience and Future Prospects Pdf

Genetically engineered (GE) crops were first introduced commercially in the 1990s. After two decades of production, some groups and individuals remain critical of the technology based on their concerns about possible adverse effects on human health, the environment, and ethical considerations. At the same time, others are concerned that the technology is not reaching its potential to improve human health and the environment because of stringent regulations and reduced public funding to develop products offering more benefits to society. While the debate about these and other questions related to the genetic engineering techniques of the first 20 years goes on, emerging genetic-engineering technologies are adding new complexities to the conversation. Genetically Engineered Crops builds on previous related Academies reports published between 1987 and 2010 by undertaking a retrospective examination of the purported positive and adverse effects of GE crops and to anticipate what emerging genetic-engineering technologies hold for the future. This report indicates where there are uncertainties about the economic, agronomic, health, safety, or other impacts of GE crops and food, and makes recommendations to fill gaps in safety assessments, increase regulatory clarity, and improve innovations in and access to GE technology.

Plant Gene Containment

Melvin J. Oliver,Yi Li
Plant Gene Containment Book PDF

Author : Melvin J. Oliver,Yi Li
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2012-08-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118352687

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Plant Gene Containment by Melvin J. Oliver,Yi Li Pdf

Gene Containment provides a comprehensive look at genetically modified organisms and the strategies and implementation of key methods to gene containment. The book is divided into 5 parts: An Introduction that discusses the need for biotechnology and GMOs, Section 1 looks at the need for gene containment, Part II discusses varying strategies for gene containment, section III explores the assessment of gene containment approaches, and section IV covers the steps involved in implementing gene containment. Gene Containment will provide a thorough and up to date look at gene containment research and the needs for implementing new strategies in this arena.

Herbicide-Resistant Crops

Stephen O. Duke
Herbicide Resistant Crops Book PDF

Author : Stephen O. Duke
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 918 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2018-01-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351090094

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Herbicide-Resistant Crops by Stephen O. Duke Pdf

Edited by a recognized leader in the field, Herbicide-Resistant Crops is the first book to cover all of the issues related to the controversial topic of herbicide-resistant crops. It provides extensive discussions of the modern biotechnological methods that have been used to develop such crops, and reviews the implications - both positive and negative - of developing crops that are resistant to herbicides. The creation and anticipated applications of specific herbicide-resistant crops are also discussed. In addition, the book covers the potential impact of herbicide-resistant crops on weed management practices and the environment, and presents issues related to the regulation and economics of these crops. The editor has brought together a diverse group of professionals, representing the several distinct areas impacted by the new technology of herbicide-resistant crops. The wide range of viewpoints presented in this book creates a balanced and complete survey, providing a notable contribution to the literature.

Understanding Genes and GMOs

Colin J. Sanderson
Understanding Genes and GMOs Book PDF

Author : Colin J. Sanderson
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789812703750

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Understanding Genes and GMOs by Colin J. Sanderson Pdf

The rapid progress in genomics and related technologies has increased interest in genetically modified organisms (GMOs). This book equips you with information about what genes are, how they work, and how they can be modified and used in biotechnology. On environmental genetics, it also considers the risks of releasing agricultural GM plants.

GM Crops

Jennifer Thomson
GM Crops Book PDF

Author : Jennifer Thomson
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2006-12-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780643098978

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GM Crops by Jennifer Thomson Pdf

Genetically modified crops – are they monsters of nature or could they provide answers to some of our most pressing environmental concerns? Will they create superweeds, run amock and change life as we know it, or are these fears greatly exaggerated? Internationally respected microbiologist Jennifer Thomson takes us through the issues and concerns surrounding the development of genetically modified crops and their impacts on the environment. She explains how such crops are developed and assessed and discusses the likelihood of negative effects on biodiversity, pollen spread, and organic farming. GM crops may have tremendous potential for addressing some of the world’s environmental problems and protecting the planet, particularly in developing countries – in fact we could face more harm if some of these technologies are not adopted.

Field Testing Genetically Modified Organisms

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Scientific Evaluation of the Introduction of Genetically Modified Microorganisms and Plants into the Environment
Field Testing Genetically Modified Organisms Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Scientific Evaluation of the Introduction of Genetically Modified Microorganisms and Plants into the Environment
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 185 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1989-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309040761

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Field Testing Genetically Modified Organisms by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Scientific Evaluation of the Introduction of Genetically Modified Microorganisms and Plants into the Environment Pdf

Potential benefits from the use of genetically modified organismsâ€"such as bacteria that biodegrade environmental pollutantsâ€"are enormous. To minimize the risks of releasing such organisms into the environment, regulators are working to develop rational safeguards. This volume provides a comprehensive examination of the issues surrounding testing these organisms in the laboratory or the field and a practical framework for making decisions about organism release. Beginning with a discussion of classical versus molecular techniques for genetic alteration, the volume is divided into major sections for plants and microorganisms and covers the characteristics of altered organisms, past experience with releases, and such specific issues as whether plant introductions could promote weediness. The executive summary presents major conclusions and outlines the recommended decision-making framework.

Environmental Effects of Transgenic Plants

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on Environmental Impacts Associated with Commercialization of Transgenic Plants
Environmental Effects of Transgenic Plants Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on Environmental Impacts Associated with Commercialization of Transgenic Plants
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2002-02-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309170178

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Environmental Effects of Transgenic Plants by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on Environmental Impacts Associated with Commercialization of Transgenic Plants Pdf

Transgenic crops offer the promise of increased agricultural productivity and better quality foods. But they also raise the specter of harmful environmental effects. In this new book, a panel of experts examines: • Similarities and differences between crops developed by conventional and transgenic methods • Potential for commercialized transgenic crops to change both agricultural and nonagricultural landscapes • How well the U.S. government is regulating transgenic crops to avoid any negative effects. Environmental Effects of Transgenic Plants provides a wealth of information about transgenic processes, previous experience with the introduction of novel crops, principles of risk assessment and management, the science behind current regulatory schemes, issues in monitoring transgenic products already on the market, and more. The book discusses public involvementâ€"and public confidenceâ€"in biotechnology regulation. And it looks to the future, exploring the potential of genetic engineering and the prospects for environmental effects.

Genes for Africa

Jennifer A. Thomson
Genes for Africa Book PDF

Author : Jennifer A. Thomson
Publisher : Juta and Company Ltd
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Nature
ISBN : 1919713573

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Genes for Africa by Jennifer A. Thomson Pdf

Jennifer Thomson separates fact from fiction and explains why and how GM crops can help us combat poverty, starvation and disease in the developing world, in a safe and responsible way. She explains the technology and looks at the differences and similarities between genetic modification, conventional plant breeding, and natural processes such as cross pollination and mutations. There are chapters devoted to controversial issues such as food safety (for GM crops and organically grown food), patents labelling, regulations and controls, and a section dealing with frequently-asked questions. It ends with a focus on Africa and possible future developments in GM technology. Technical terms are explained and appendices provide additional information on testing for allergens, horizontal gene transfer, and international food safety assessment documents. For those who wish to explore the subject further, it also provides a list of more than 60 web sites dealing with issues related to the GM debate.

Methods for Risk Assessment of Transgenic Plants

Klaus Ammann,Yolande Jacot,Richard Braun
Methods for Risk Assessment of Transgenic Plants Book PDF

Author : Klaus Ammann,Yolande Jacot,Richard Braun
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2003-06-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3764366575

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Methods for Risk Assessment of Transgenic Plants by Klaus Ammann,Yolande Jacot,Richard Braun Pdf

For centuries, TK has been used almost exclusively by its creators, that is, indigenous and local communities. Access to, use of and handing down of TK has been regulated by local laws, customs and tmditions. Some TK has been freely accessible by all members of an indigenous or local community and has been freely exchanged with other communities; other TK has only been known to particular individuals within these communities such as shamans, and has been handed down only to particular individuals of thc next generation. Over many generations, indigenous and local communities have accumulated a great deal of TK which has generally been adapted, developed and improved by the generations that followed. For a long time, Western anthropologists and other scientists have generally been able to freely access TK and have documented it in their works. Still, this TK was only seldom used outside the indigenous and local communities that created it. More recently, however, Western scientists have become aware that TK is neither outdated nor valueless knowledge, but, instead, 1 can be useful to solve some of the problems facing today's world. Modem science, for example, has shown an increased interest in some fornls ofTK as knowledge that can be used in 4 research and development (R&D) activities and be integrated in modem innovations. This holds especially true for TK regarding genetic resources, which has been integrated in modem 6 phannaceuticals,s agro-chemicals and seed.