Genes And The Motivation To Use Substances

Author : Scott F. Stoltenberg
Publisher : Springer
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2014-06-12
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781493906536

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Genes and the Motivation to Use Substances by Scott F. Stoltenberg Pdf

Human beings have been using intoxicating substances for millennia. But while most people have used psychoactive substances without becoming dependent on them, a significant minority develop substance use disorders. The question remains: why does addiction occur in some and not others? The 61st installment of the Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, Genes and the Motivation to Use Substances probes the complex role of genetics in substance use and abuse across diverse methodologies, research organisms, levels of analysis and disciplines. Its combined lifespan/motivation approach to individual differences sheds necessary light on genetic vs. environmental factors in vulnerability, addiction risk, the relationship between behavioral disinhibition and substance use and the motivation to quit. While alcohol use/abuse is the focus of much of the book, its chapters provide scientific and clinical insights into substance abuse in general as well as implications for treatment. And an intriguing conclusion discusses the need to bridge the gap between genetics and neuroscience and the best scientific conditions in which this integration may thrive. Included in the coverage: • Rodent models of genetic contributions to the motivation to use alcohol. • The adolescent origins of substance abuse disorders • The developmental matrix of addictive behavior • The genetics of cannabis involvement • The DNA methylation signature of smoking • Genomics of impulsivity: integrating genetics and neuroscience. Reflecting the current state of knowledge in a field with groundbreaking potential, Genes and the Motivation to Use Substances is a fascinating resource for psychologists, psychiatrists, geneticists, neuroscientists, social workers, policymakers and researchers in addiction.

Author : U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Publisher : Lulu.com
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2019-11-19
Category : Reference
ISBN : 9781794755130

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TIP 35: Enhancing Motivation for Change in Substance Use Disorder Treatment (Updated 2019) by U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Pdf

Motivation is key to substance use behavior change. Counselors can support clients' movement toward positive changes in their substance use by identifying and enhancing motivation that already exists. Motivational approaches are based on the principles of person-centered counseling. Counselors' use of empathy, not authority and power, is key to enhancing clients' motivation to change. Clients are experts in their own recovery from SUDs. Counselors should engage them in collaborative partnerships. Ambivalence about change is normal. Resistance to change is an expression of ambivalence about change, not a client trait or characteristic. Confrontational approaches increase client resistance and discord in the counseling relationship. Motivational approaches explore ambivalence in a nonjudgmental and compassionate way.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Brain
ISBN : MINN:31951D025861296

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Drugs, Brains, and Behavior by Anonim Pdf

Author : David J. Kupfer,Michael B. First,Darrel A. Regier
Publisher : American Psychiatric Pub
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2008-08-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781585627721

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A Research Agenda For DSM V by David J. Kupfer,Michael B. First,Darrel A. Regier Pdf

In the ongoing quest to improve our psychiatric diagnostic system, we are now searching for new approaches to understanding the etiological and pathophysiological mechanisms that can improve the validity of our diagnoses and the consequent power of our preventive and treatment interventions -- venturing beyond the current DSM paradigm and DSM-IV framework. This thought-provoking volume -- produced as a partnership between the American Psychiatric Association, the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, and the National Institute on Drug Abuse -- represents a far-reaching attempt to stimulate research and discussion in the field in preparation for the eventual start of the DSM-V process, still several years hence. The book Explores a variety of basic nomenclature issues, including the desirability of rating the quality and quantity of information available to support the different disorders in the DSM in order to indicate the disparity of empirical support across the diagnostic system. Offers a neuroscience research agenda to guide development of a pathophysiologically based classification for DSM-V, which reviews genetic, brain imaging, postmortem, and animal model research and includes strategic insights for a new research agenda. Presents highlights of recent progress in developmental neuroscience, genetics, psychology, psychopathology, and epidemiology, using a bioecological perspective to focus on the first two decades of life, when rapid changes in behavior, emotion and cognition occur. Discusses how to address two important gaps in the current DSM-IV: (1) the categorical method of diagnosing personality disorders and their relationship with Axis I disorders, and (2) the limited provision for the diagnosis of relational disorders -- suggesting a research agenda for personality disorders that considers replacing the current categorical approach with a dimensional classification of personality. Reevaluates the relationship between mental disorders and disability, asserting that research into disability and impairment would benefit from the diagnosis of mental disorders be uncoupled from a requirement for impairment or disability to foster a more vigorous research agenda on the etiologies, courses, and treatment of mental disorders as well as disabilities and to avert unintended consequences of delayed diagnosis and treatment. Examines the importance of culture in psychopathology and the main cultural variables at play in the diagnostic process, stating that training present and future professionals in the need to include cultural factors in the diagnostic process is a logical step in any attempt to develop comprehensive research programs in psychology, psychiatry, and related disciplines. This fascinating work, with contributions from an international group of research investigators, reaches into the core of psychiatry, providing invaluable background and insights for all psychology and psychiatry professionals -- food for thought and further research that will be relevant for years to come.

Author : Chris Chandler,Anita Andrews
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-29
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781526465498

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Addiction by Chris Chandler,Anita Andrews Pdf

Addiction: A biopsychosocial perspective provides students with an evidence-based approach to addiction whilst covering a broad range of topics, critical perspectives and influential theories in addiction. With chapters discussing key theories, psychological, biological and societal aspects of addiction, this is a highly accessible and essential resource for students and researchers that: Offers an evidence-based discussion of addiction Addresses the neuroscience and psychology of addiction Provides a critical account of the science and research in addiction Includes chapter overviews and summaries, learning aims and case studies to help students in their study

Author : Sherry H. Stewart,Patricia Conrod
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2007-12-03
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780387742908

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Anxiety and Substance Use Disorders by Sherry H. Stewart,Patricia Conrod Pdf

Disorders of anxiety and substance use are, for some reason, rarely treated in an integrated fashion by professionals. This timely volume addresses this glaring omission with dispatches from the frontlines of research and treatment. Thirty-four international experts offer findings, theories, and intervention strategies for this common form of dual disorder, across a range of substances and of anxiety disorders, to give the reader comprehensive knowledge in a practical format.

Author : World Health Organization, Dept. of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Staff
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 94 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9789241562720

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Global Status Report on Alcohol 2004 by World Health Organization, Dept. of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Staff Pdf

Disk contains the overview section and country profiles.

Author : Scott F. Stoltenberg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 443 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2022-07-07
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781108487979

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Foundations of Behavior Genetics by Scott F. Stoltenberg Pdf

This text is a current, comprehensive introduction to the link between genes and behavior.

Author : Robert A. Zucker,Sandra A. Brown
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 704 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2019-08-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780190673871

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The Oxford Handbook of Adolescent Substance Abuse by Robert A. Zucker,Sandra A. Brown Pdf

Adolescent substance abuse is the nation's #1 public health problem. It originates out of a developmental era where experimentation with the world is increasingly taking place, and where major changes in physical self and social relationships are taking place. These changes cannot be understood by any one discipline nor can they be described by focusing only on the behavioral and social problems of this age period, the characteristics of normal development, or the pharmacology and addictive potential of specific drugs. They require knowledge of the brain's systems of reward and control, genetics, psychopharmacology, personality, child development, psychopathology, family dynamics, peer group relationships, culture, social policy, and more. Drawing on the expertise of the leading researchers in this field, this Handbook provides the most comprehensive summarization of current knowledge about adolescent substance abuse. The Handbook is organized into eight sections covering the literature on the developmental context of this life period, the epidemiology of adolescent use and abuse, similarities and differences in use, addictive potential, and consequences of use for different drugs; etiology and course as characterized at different levels of mechanistic analysis ranging from the genetic and neural to the behavioural and social. Two sections cover the clinical ramifications of abuse, and prevention and intervention strategies to most effectively deal with these problems. The Handbook's last section addresses the role of social policy in framing the problem, in addressing it, and explores its potential role in alleviating it.

Author : Mary Torregrossa
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2018-08-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128123317

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Neural Mechanisms of Addiction by Mary Torregrossa Pdf

Neural Mechanisms of Addiction is the only book available that synthesizes the latest research in the field into a single, accessible resource covering all aspects of how addiction develops and persists in the brain. The book summarizes our most recent understanding on the neural mechanisms underlying addiction. It also examines numerous biobehavioral aspects of addiction disorders, such as reinforcement learning, reward, cognitive dysfunction, stress, and sleep and circadian rhythms that are not covered in any other publication. Readers with find the most up-to-date information on which to build a foundation for their future research in this expanding field. Combining chapters from leading researchers and thought leaders, this book is an indispensable guide for students and investigators engaged in addiction research. Transcends multiple neural, neurochemical and behavioral domains Summarizes advances in the field of addiction research since the advent of optogenetics Discusses the most current, leading theories of addiction, including molecular mechanisms and dopamine mechanisms

Author : David Nutt,Liam J. Nestor
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2013-09-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199685707

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Addiction by David Nutt,Liam J. Nestor Pdf

An essential reference for psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, trainees, and specialist nurses, as well as primary care physicians/GPs with a special interest in mental health conditions and other healthcare professionals.

Author : Office of the Surgeon General,U.s. Department of Health and Human Services
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2017-08-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1974580628

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Facing Addiction in America by Office of the Surgeon General,U.s. Department of Health and Human Services Pdf

All across the United States, individuals, families, communities, and health care systems are struggling to cope with substance use, misuse, and substance use disorders. Substance misuse and substance use disorders have devastating effects, disrupt the future plans of too many young people, and all too often, end lives prematurely and tragically. Substance misuse is a major public health challenge and a priority for our nation to address. The effects of substance use are cumulative and costly for our society, placing burdens on workplaces, the health care system, families, states, and communities. The Report discusses opportunities to bring substance use disorder treatment and mainstream health care systems into alignment so that they can address a person's overall health, rather than a substance misuse or a physical health condition alone or in isolation. It also provides suggestions and recommendations for action that everyone-individuals, families, community leaders, law enforcement, health care professionals, policymakers, and researchers-can take to prevent substance misuse and reduce its consequences.

Author : Hiram E. Fitzgerald,Leon I. Puttler
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2017-12-11
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780190676025

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Alcohol Use Disorders by Hiram E. Fitzgerald,Leon I. Puttler Pdf

Alcohol Use Disorders takes a life-span/developmental approach to understanding the etiologic processes that heighten risk or resilience factors for alcohol use disorders (AUD). Contemporary understanding benefits from thirty years of longitudinal studies that were specifically designed to assess pre-onset origins, predictors of onset, and outcomes through early adulthood. The overriding theme of the volume is that the origins and expression of AUD are best understood within the context of developmental processes and dynamic systems organization and change. Such dynamic systems give rise to diverse pathways that are characterized by multi-finality and equi-finality due to the exchanges among genes, epigenetic processes, and the complexities of the individual organism's experiential world. For some individuals, these dynamic processes lead to risk cumulative or cascade effects that embody adverse childhood experiences that exacerbate risk, predict early onset drinking (or smoking), and are highly likely to lead to AUD during the transitions to adolescence and emerging adulthood. In other cases, protective factors within or outside of the individual's immediate family enable embodiment of normative stress regulatory systems and neural networks that support resilience and prevention of AUD and other addictive behaviors.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on Opportunities in Drug Abuse Research
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1996-11-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309055338

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Pathways of Addiction by Institute of Medicine,Committee on Opportunities in Drug Abuse Research Pdf

Drug abuse persists as one of the most costly and contentious problems on the nation's agenda. Pathways of Addiction meets the need for a clear and thoughtful national research agenda that will yield the greatest benefit from today's limited resources. The committee makes its recommendations within the public health framework and incorporates diverse fields of inquiry and a range of policy positions. It examines both the demand and supply aspects of drug abuse. Pathways of Addiction offers a fact-filled, highly readable examination of drug abuse issues in the United States, describing findings and outlining research needs in the areas of behavioral and neurobiological foundations of drug abuse. The book covers the epidemiology and etiology of drug abuse and discusses several of its most troubling health and social consequences, including HIV, violence, and harm to children. Pathways of Addiction looks at the efficacy of different prevention interventions and the many advances that have been made in treatment research in the past 20 years. The book also examines drug treatment in the criminal justice setting and the effectiveness of drug treatment under managed care. The committee advocates systematic study of the laws by which the nation attempts to control drug use and identifies the research questions most germane to public policy. Pathways of Addiction provides a strategic outline for wise investment of the nation's research resources in drug abuse. This comprehensive and accessible volume will have widespread relevanceâ€"to policymakers, researchers, research administrators, foundation decisionmakers, healthcare professionals, faculty and students, and concerned individuals.

Author : Michael M. Vanyukov
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2022-03-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030953508

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Genetics of Substance Use by Michael M. Vanyukov Pdf

The book illuminates the complex problems in genetic studies of substance use and addiction. It provides a comprehensive overview that fills the gap in the literature and points out future directions. The book includes three sections that apply to any complex traits and disorders, particularly psychological and psychiatric. The first section covers the traits and phenotypes that are the target of genetic research in substance use and addiction. Following this, the second section analyzes the methods and results of biometric genetic studies in this area. The third section reviews research in gene mapping and epigenetics. Genetics of Substance Use is a first-of-its-kind monograph that presents contemporary solutions and methods for a wide range of researchers and practitioners across disciplines.