Genetic Resources Of Mediterranean Pasture And Forage Legumes

Author : Sarita Bennett,P.S. Cocks
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 1999-01-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0792355229

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Genetic Resources of Mediterranean Pasture and Forage Legumes by Sarita Bennett,P.S. Cocks Pdf

Genetic Resources of Mediterranean Pasture and Forage Legumes is a comprehensive review of grassland improvement in Mediterranean areas using legume species. The book includes a detailed account of the processes involved in understanding the ecology of legumes and their collection in the Mediterranean, through to their preliminary evaluation and storage at various Genetic Resource Centres. A generic conspectus and key to the forage legumes of the Mediterranean basin is also included. These proceedings are truly international with examples on the collection and use of Mediterranean genetic resources being illustrated by Genetic Resource Centres in Australia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Syria, Turkey and Tunisia. Current important issues such as the sustainability of Mediterranean grasslands, the risk of genetic erosion and the principles of population genetics employed during a collecting mission are discussed. The book will be of value to researchers working in the fields of grassland and rangeland improvement, Mediterranean farming systems, genetic resources, and pasture and forage ecology.

Author : Nigel Maxted,Sarita Jane Bennett
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401598231

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Plant Genetic Resources of Legumes in the Mediterranean by Nigel Maxted,Sarita Jane Bennett Pdf

Genetic erosion, that is, the loss of native plant and genetic diversity has been exponential from the Mediterranean Basin through the Twentieth century. This careless eradication of species and genetic diversity as a result of human activities from a 'hot-spot' of diversity threatens sustainable agriculture and food security for the temperate regions of the world. Since the early 1900s there has been a largely ad hoc movement to halt the loss of plant diversity and enhance its utilisation. The Convention on Biological Diversity and Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources, both highlight the need to improve conservation methodologies and enhance utilisation techniques. It has been argued that the most important component of biodiversity is the genetic diversity of crop and forage species used to feed humans and livestock. These cultivated and related wild species provides the raw material for further selection and improvement. Leguminosae species are of major economic importance (peas, chickpeas, lentils and faba beans, as well as numerous forage species) and provide a particularly rich source of protein for human and animal foods. Their distribution is concentrated in the Mediterranean region and therefore the improvement of their conservation and use in the region is critical. This text is designed to help ensure an adequate breadth of legume diversity is conserved and to help maximise the use of that conserved diversity. The subjects of conservation and use of legume diversity, the Mediterranean ecosystem and taxonomy of legumes are introduced. Generic reviews of the taxonomy, centre of diversity, ecogeographic distribution, genetic diversity distribution, conservation status, conservation gaps and future research needs are provided, along with a discussion of the importance of rhizobia to the maintenance of legume diversity. Current ex situ and in situ conservation activities as well current legume uses are reviewed. In conclusion future priorities for ex situ and in situ plant genetic conservation and use of Mediterranean legumes are highlighted. All contributors look forward rather than simply reviewing past and current activities and therefore it is hoped that the identification of genetic erosion, location of taxonomic and genetic diversity and promotion of more efficient utilisation of conserved material will be enhanced.

Author : Sarita Jane Bennett,P.S. Cocks
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789401147767

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Genetic Resources of Mediterranean Pasture and Forage Legumes by Sarita Jane Bennett,P.S. Cocks Pdf

Genetic Resources of Mediterranean Pasture and Forage Legumes is a comprehensive review of grassland improvement in Mediterranean areas using legume species. The book includes a detailed account of the processes involved in understanding the ecology of legumes and their collection in the Mediterranean, through to their preliminary evaluation and storage at various Genetic Resource Centres. A generic conspectus and key to the forage legumes of the Mediterranean basin is also included. These proceedings are truly international with examples on the collection and use of Mediterranean genetic resources being illustrated by Genetic Resource Centres in Australia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Syria, Turkey and Tunisia. Current important issues such as the sustainability of Mediterranean grasslands, the risk of genetic erosion and the principles of population genetics employed during a collecting mission are discussed. The book will be of value to researchers working in the fields of grassland and rangeland improvement, Mediterranean farming systems, genetic resources, and pasture and forage ecology.

Author : J. G. McIvor,R. A. Bray
Publisher : CSIRO Publishing
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015012636745

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Genetic Resources of Forage Plants by J. G. McIvor,R. A. Bray Pdf

Genetic resources of forage plants.

Author : Alan Smith
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 526 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Arid regions plants
ISBN : WISC:89049456726

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Legume Genetic Resources for Semi-arid Temperate Environments by Alan Smith Pdf

Author : Sarita Jane Bennett
Publisher : ISBS
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Gardening
ISBN : 1920694064

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New Perennial Legumes for Sustainable Agriculture by Sarita Jane Bennett Pdf

The farming systems of southern Australia currently rely on annual legume-based pastures to provide nitrogen for the following crop, particularly wheat. In recent years with increasing levels of salinity, acidity and rising watertables it has been acknowledged that such a system is unsustainable, with a requirement for a system that uses more water, such as a more perennial-based system. Lucerne is currently the only major perennial herbaceous legume in use in Mediterranean Australia. There is therefore an urgent need to find other perennial legumes that would fit into the farming systems of southern Australia. This book is a comprehensive review of the current knowledge of perennial legumes for Mediterranean areas. It is divided into three sections. The first section describes the background to the problems in Mediterranean Australia, the role of perennial legumes in the Mediterranean Basin, and the adaptation of perennial plants to dry areas. The second focuses on the natural distribution and agricultural potential of some of the major legume genera including Medicago and Trifolium, and the importance that rhizobia has in extending the distribution of these genera for agriculture. The final section describes case studies where perennial legumes are in use, including Italy, North Africa and Inner Mongolia. The book is of value to researchers working in the fields of grassland and rangeland improvement, Mediterranean farming systems, genetic resources, and pasture and forage ecology.

Author : Ram J. Singh
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2009-01-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 142004740X

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Genetic Resources, Chromosome Engineering, and Crop Improvement: by Ram J. Singh Pdf

In recent decades, livestock producers have moved away from open grazing for a number of reasons, none having to do with the health of consumers. Genetic Resources, Chromosome Engineering, and Crop Improvement: Forage Crops demonstrates how state-of-the-art technology can encourage the raising of livestock in open pastures where they can be fed grasses grown in nature rather than meals enriched with hormones and other by-products. The volume brings together the world’s leading innovators in crop science who furnish information on the availability of germplasm resources that breeders can exploit for the improvement of major forage crop varieties including alfalfa, wheatgrass and wildrye grasses, Bahiagrass, birdsfoot trefoil, clover, Bermudagrass, and ryegrass. An introductory chapter outlines the cytogenetic architecture of forage crops, describes the principles and strategies of cytogenetic and breeding manipulations, and summarizes landmark research. Ensuing chapters provide a comprehensive account of each crop: its origin; wild relatives; exploitation of genetic resources in the primary, secondary, and tertiary, and, where feasible, quarternary gene pools through breeding and cytogenetic manipulation; and genetic enrichment using the tools of molecular genetics and biotechnology. . Certain to become the standard reference, this volume— Discusses taxonomy, genomic and chromosomal constitution, and the geographical distribution Stresses the role of germplasm exploration, maintenance, and assimilation for increasing yield Presents practical improvement methodologies including conventional, cytogenetic, mutation, molecular, cell and tissue cultures, and genetic transformation In addition to serving as fodder, forage crops provide ground cover, aid in abetting erosions, yield a number of pharmaceuticals, and are critical to honey production. Solving the world’s food crisis requires approaches that will lead to healthier, more enriched food sources, as well as more bountiful harvests. It also requires that we make the best use of resources we have. Moving livestock away from grain and back to forage crops is one approach that can help us achieve a balanced food chain capable of meeting ever-growing demand.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Arid regions agriculture
ISBN : CORNELL:31924084777543

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Dryland Pasture and Forage Legume Network News by Anonim Pdf

Author : J.G. Hawkes,Nigel Maxted,B.V. Ford-Lloyd
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401141369

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The Ex Situ Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources by J.G. Hawkes,Nigel Maxted,B.V. Ford-Lloyd Pdf

It is a distressing truism that the human race during the last millennium has caused the exponential loss of plant genetic diversity throughout the world. This has had direct and negative economic, political and social consequences for the human race, which at the same time has failed to exploit fully the positive benefits that might result from conserving and exploiting the world's plant genetic resources. However, a strong movement to halt this loss of plant diversity and enhance its utilisation for the benefit of all humanity has been underway since the 1960's (Frankel and Bennett, 1970; Frankel and Hawkes, 1975). This initiative was taken up by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD, 1992) that not only expounds the need to conserve biological diversity but links conservation to exploitation and development for the benefit of all. Article 8 of the Convention clearly states the need to develop more effective and efficient guidelines to conserve biological diversity, while Article 9, along with the FAO International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources, promotes the adoption of a complementary approach to conservation that incorporates both ex situ and in situ techniques.

Author : International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Agricultural systems
ISBN : CORNELL:31924063022978

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Introducing Ley Farming to the Mediterranean Basin by International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas Pdf

Author : Stephen Reynolds
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 556 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2019-05-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781482280272

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Grasslands by Stephen Reynolds Pdf

This book looks at significant current grassland problems and issues, and provides an insight into grassland productivity in diverse areas of the world, with their various production systems. There is a focus on recent technical advances and the prospects for further innovation, through twenty-one chapters by eminent grassland scientists, grouped i

Author : Robert Prescott-Allen,Christine Prescott-Allen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 117 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2013-11-05
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781134061341

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Genes from the Wild by Robert Prescott-Allen,Christine Prescott-Allen Pdf

Tomatoes could not be grown commercially without the help of their wild relatives. A single wild species of rice has helped double rice production in Asia. Wild silk-worms are enabling India to expand its silk industry. A wild carp with resistance to cold has been used to extend Soviet carp production further into the north. Wild genetic resources - the heritable characteristics of wild plants and animals - are used increasingly to improve domesticated crops and livestock and as new sources of food and of raw materials. But habitat destruction, over-exploitation and competition from introduced species is destroying many gene pools even before they have been identified. Genes from the Wild describes the growing contribution of wild genetic resources to the production of food and raw materials, describes their characteristics, explains the benefits and problems of using them and outlines the ways in which they are threatened and the measures being taken to conserve them. Originally published in 1988

Author : Michael J. Dilworth,Euan K. James,Janet I. Sprent,William E. Newton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 403 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2008-01-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402035487

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Nitrogen-fixing Leguminous Symbioses by Michael J. Dilworth,Euan K. James,Janet I. Sprent,William E. Newton Pdf

Nodules produced on legume roots by root-nodule bacteria provide the major nitrogenous input into natural and agricultural systems worldwide. This book provides an in-depth and up-to-the-minute analysis of what is known about this symbiosis, its origins, the process of nodule formation and development, and the biochemistry and genetics of nodular nitrogen fixation. It also reviews the physiology of the root-nodule bacteria themselves, their ecology in both natural and agricultural systems, and how we can introduce new legumes along with the bacteria they require. This book is recommended for scientists working with root nodule bacteria or host legumes, agronomists, forestry scientists, and soil scientists.

Author : Andrew Young,David Boshier,Timothy Boyle
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2000-07-24
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780643102576

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Forest Conservation Genetics by Andrew Young,David Boshier,Timothy Boyle Pdf

Forest management must be sustainable not only in ecological, economic and social, but also genetic terms. Many forest managers are advocating and developing management strategies that give priority to conserving genetic diversity within production systems, or that recognise the importance of genetic considerations in achieving sustainable management. Forest Conservation Genetics draws together much previously uncollected information relevant to managing and conserving forests. The content emphasises the importance of conserving genetic diversity in achieving sustainable management. Each chapter is written by a leading expert and has been peer reviewed. Readers without a background in genetics will find the logical sequence of topics allows easy understanding of the principles involved and how those principles may impact on day-to-day forest planning and management decisions. The book is primarily aimed at undergraduate students of biology, ecology, forestry, and graduate students of forest genetics, resource management policy and/or conservation biology. It will prove useful for those teaching courses in these fields and as such help to increase the awareness of genetic factors in conservation and sustainable management, in both temperate and tropical regions.

Author : John R Lazier,Nazeer Ahmad
Publisher : CABI
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2016-07-25
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781780646282

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Tropical Forage Legumes by John R Lazier,Nazeer Ahmad Pdf

The development of legume use in agricultural production in the tropics lags far behind the temperate areas and extensive research over recent decades has aimed to rectify the lack of available leguminous fodder species available for heavy clay soils. This book draws together that research and explores the importance of heavy clay soils to agricultural productivity in the tropics and subtropics and the identification of adapted, productive forage legumes for these environments. Providing an invaluable example of how a global search for adapted and productive forage germplasm has been - and can be - undertaken, and allowing access to a significant body of knowledge that was acquired before the digitalization of reports, this book will be a key resource for new scientists and experienced researchers in the areas of agriculture and forage agronomy.