Genetic Stigma In Law And Literature

Author : Alice Diver
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2024-01-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783031462467

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Genetic Stigma in Law and Literature by Alice Diver Pdf

This book critically analyses the way in which traditional sociocultural and legal biases might be perpetuated against those with unknown – or unknowable – genetic ancestries. It looks to law and works of literature across differing eras and genres focussing upon such concepts as inherited stigma, illegitimacy, orphanisation, adoption, othering, reunion, and the ‘right’ to access truths that relate to one’s original identity. Law’s role in such matters is often limited (or usurped) by custom, practice, or lingering superstitious beliefs; the importance of oral and written testimony is therefore highlighted. Characters include abandoned or orphaned figures from folk and fairy tales, Romantic and Victorian monsters and heroes, Dickensian waifs, Edwardian rescue orphans, and dystopia-set ‘rebels.‘ Their insights and experiences are mirrored in various present day scenarios that speak to familial human rights abuses, not least forced adoptions and bars on accessing original information. This cross-disciplinary book drawing on Law, Literature, Sociology, Critical Adoption Studies should be of interest to those interested in and those who have been affected in some way by adoption, origin deprivation, or reunion.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on the Science of Changing Behavioral Health Social Norms
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 171 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2016-09-03
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309439121

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Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on the Science of Changing Behavioral Health Social Norms Pdf

Estimates indicate that as many as 1 in 4 Americans will experience a mental health problem or will misuse alcohol or drugs in their lifetimes. These disorders are among the most highly stigmatized health conditions in the United States, and they remain barriers to full participation in society in areas as basic as education, housing, and employment. Improving the lives of people with mental health and substance abuse disorders has been a priority in the United States for more than 50 years. The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 is considered a major turning point in America's efforts to improve behavioral healthcare. It ushered in an era of optimism and hope and laid the groundwork for the consumer movement and new models of recovery. The consumer movement gave voice to people with mental and substance use disorders and brought their perspectives and experience into national discussions about mental health. However over the same 50-year period, positive change in American public attitudes and beliefs about mental and substance use disorders has lagged behind these advances. Stigma is a complex social phenomenon based on a relationship between an attribute and a stereotype that assigns undesirable labels, qualities, and behaviors to a person with that attribute. Labeled individuals are then socially devalued, which leads to inequality and discrimination. This report contributes to national efforts to understand and change attitudes, beliefs and behaviors that can lead to stigma and discrimination. Changing stigma in a lasting way will require coordinated efforts, which are based on the best possible evidence, supported at the national level with multiyear funding, and planned and implemented by an effective coalition of representative stakeholders. Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders: The Evidence for Stigma Change explores stigma and discrimination faced by individuals with mental or substance use disorders and recommends effective strategies for reducing stigma and encouraging people to seek treatment and other supportive services. It offers a set of conclusions and recommendations about successful stigma change strategies and the research needed to inform and evaluate these efforts in the United States.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on Assessing Genetic Risks
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1994-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309047982

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Assessing Genetic Risks by Institute of Medicine,Committee on Assessing Genetic Risks Pdf

Raising hopes for disease treatment and prevention, but also the specter of discrimination and "designer genes," genetic testing is potentially one of the most socially explosive developments of our time. This book presents a current assessment of this rapidly evolving field, offering principles for actions and research and recommendations on key issues in genetic testing and screening. Advantages of early genetic knowledge are balanced with issues associated with such knowledge: availability of treatment, privacy and discrimination, personal decision-making, public health objectives, cost, and more. Among the important issues covered: Quality control in genetic testing. Appropriate roles for public agencies, private health practitioners, and laboratories. Value-neutral education and counseling for persons considering testing. Use of test results in insurance, employment, and other settings.

Author : Sherman Elias,George J. Annas
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Medical genetics
ISBN : UOM:39015012537026

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Reproductive Genetics and the Law by Sherman Elias,George J. Annas Pdf

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2017-04-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309452960

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Communities in Action by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States Pdf

In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Author : Austin Sarat
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2019-06-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781789737271

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Studies in Law, Politics, and Society by Austin Sarat Pdf

This special issue of Studies in Law, Politics and Society contains two sections, focusing on the interaction between law and religion, together with the ways in which the law simultaneously enhances and inhibits projects of social change.

Author : Mack Lipkin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 171 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781468421187

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Genetic Responsibility by Mack Lipkin Pdf

The "Genetics, Man, and Society" symposium was a collaborative effort of the Task Force on Genetics and Reproduction at Yale University and the Youth Council of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (A. A. A. S. ). The Task Force on Genetics and Reproduction at Yale is a voluntary, inter-professional organization engaged in examination of ethical and social implications of medical and basic genetics. It is similar in purpose to the Hastings Institute of Society, Ethics, and Life Sciences and the Kennedy Center for the Study of Bioethics at Georgetown. The Youth Council of A. A. A. S. was a committee of the A. A. A. S. concerned with problems of young persons. The Youth Council had significant impact on the A. A. A. S. through the constitutional reform and a number of innovative programs including the Congressional Fellows and Regional Centers Program, and the Committees on Minorities and Women. The symposium was initially conceived by William Drayton and Richard A. Tropp and was arranged by us. The Task Force took primary responsibility for format and for selecting and inviting speakers. The Youth Council made the arrangements, raised the necessary funds and represented the organizers for post-symposium use of the materials including printed and taped publications. This volume contains the edited proceedings of the symposium plus the editors' perspective on it.

Author : Audrey Chapman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2012-08-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781139561358

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Genetic Research on Addiction by Audrey Chapman Pdf

The manner in which genetic research associated with addiction is conducted, interpreted and translated into clinical practice and policy initiatives raises important social, ethical and legal issues. Genetic Research on Addiction fulfils two key aims; the first is to identify the ethical issues and requirements arising when carrying out genetically-based addiction research, and the second is to explore the ethical, legal and public policy implications of interpreting, translating and applying this research. The book describes research guidelines on human protection issues such as improving the informed consent process, protecting privacy, responsibilities to minors and determining whether to accept industry funding. The broader public health policy implications of the research are explored and guidelines offered for developing effective social interventions. Highly relevant for clinicians, researchers, academics and policy-makers in the fields of addiction, mental health and public policy.

Author : Kathryn Paige Harden
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2022-10-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691242101

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The Genetic Lottery by Kathryn Paige Harden Pdf

A provocative and timely case for how the science of genetics can help create a more just and equal society In recent years, scientists like Kathryn Paige Harden have shown that DNA makes us different, in our personalities and in our health—and in ways that matter for educational and economic success in our current society. In The Genetic Lottery, Harden introduces readers to the latest genetic science, dismantling dangerous ideas about racial superiority and challenging us to grapple with what equality really means in a world where people are born different. Weaving together personal stories with scientific evidence, Harden shows why our refusal to recognize the power of DNA perpetuates the myth of meritocracy, and argues that we must acknowledge the role of genetic luck if we are ever to create a fair society. Reclaiming genetic science from the legacy of eugenics, this groundbreaking book offers a bold new vision of society where everyone thrives, regardless of how one fares in the genetic lottery.

Author : Samiran Nundy,Atul Kakar,Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 475 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2021-10-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811652486

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How to Practice Academic Medicine and Publish from Developing Countries? by Samiran Nundy,Atul Kakar,Zulfiqar A. Bhutta Pdf

This is an open access book. The book provides an overview of the state of research in developing countries – Africa, Latin America, and Asia (especially India) and why research and publications are important in these regions. It addresses budding but struggling academics in low and middle-income countries. It is written mainly by senior colleagues who have experienced and recognized the challenges with design, documentation, and publication of health research in the developing world. The book includes short chapters providing insight into planning research at the undergraduate or postgraduate level, issues related to research ethics, and conduct of clinical trials. It also serves as a guide towards establishing a research question and research methodology. It covers important concepts such as writing a paper, the submission process, dealing with rejection and revisions, and covers additional topics such as planning lectures and presentations. The book will be useful for graduates, postgraduates, teachers as well as physicians and practitioners all over the developing world who are interested in academic medicine and wish to do medical research.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 28 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : African Americans
ISBN : UOM:39015054173375

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Mental Health by Anonim Pdf

Author : Dr John Read,Professor Richard Bentall,Loren Mosher,John Read,Jacqui Dillon
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 489 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-19
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134055029

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Models of Madness by Dr John Read,Professor Richard Bentall,Loren Mosher,John Read,Jacqui Dillon Pdf

Are hallucinations and delusions really symptoms of an illness called ‘schizophrenia’? Are mental health problems really caused by chemical imbalances and genetic predispositions? Are psychiatric drugs as effective and safe as the drug companies claim? Is madness preventable? This second edition of Models of Madness challenges those who hold to simplistic, pessimistic and often damaging theories and treatments of madness. In particular it challenges beliefs that madness can be explained without reference to social causes and challenges the excessive preoccupation with chemical imbalances and genetic predispositions as causes of human misery, including the conditions that are given the name 'schizophrenia'. This edition updates the now extensive body of research showing that hallucinations, delusions etc. are best understood as reactions to adverse life events and that psychological and social approaches to helping are more effective and far safer than psychiatric drugs and electroshock treatment. A new final chapter discusses why such a damaging ideology has come to dominate mental health and, most importantly, how to change that. Models of Madness is divided into three sections: Section One provides a history of madness, including examples of violence against the ‘mentally ill’, before critiquing the theories and treatments of contemporary biological psychiatry and documenting the corrupting influence of drug companies. Section Two summarises the research showing that hallucinations, delusions etc. are primarily caused by adverse life events (eg. parental loss, bullying, abuse and neglect in childhood, poverty, etc) and can be understood using psychological models ranging from cognitive to psychodynamic. Section Three presents the evidence for a range of effective psychological and social approaches to treatment, from cognitive and family therapy to primary prevention. This book brings together thirty-seven contributors from ten countries and a wide range of scientific disciplines. It provides an evidence-based, optimistic antidote to the pessimism of biological psychiatry. Models of Madness will be essential reading for all involved in mental health, including service users, family members, service managers, policy makers, nurses, clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, psychotherapists, counsellors, psychoanalysts, social workers, occupational therapists, art therapists.

Author : Aisling de Paor
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-21
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781107127579

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Genetics, Disability and the Law by Aisling de Paor Pdf

With genetic technologies advancing rapidly, Aisling de Paor examines the urgent need for an EU-level framework to regulate genetic information.

Author : Graham Smith
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2021-02-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781509539260

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Can Democracy Safeguard the Future? by Graham Smith Pdf

Our democracies repeatedly fail to safeguard the future. From pensions to pandemics, health and social care through to climate, biodiversity and emerging technologies, democracies have been unable to deliver robust policies for the long term. In this book, Graham Smith asks why. Exploring the drivers of short-termism, he considers ways of reshaping legislatures and constitutions and proposes strengthening independent offices whose overarching goals do not change at every election. More radically, Smith argues that forms of participatory and deliberative politics offer the most effective democratic response to the current political myopia, as well as a powerful means of protecting the interests of generations to come.

Author : Nita Farahany
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2009-04-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199712656

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The Impact of Behavioral Sciences on Criminal Law by Nita Farahany Pdf

New discoveries from neuroscience and behavioral genetics are besieging criminal law. Novel scientific perspectives on criminal behavior could transform the criminal justice system and yet are being introduced in an ad hoc and often ill-conceived manner. Bringing together experts across multiple disciplines, including geneticists, neuroscientists, philosophers, policymakers, and legal scholars, The Impact of Behavioral Sciences on Criminal Law is a comprehensive collection of essays that address the emerging science from behavioral genetics and neuroscience and its developing impact on the criminal justice system. The essays survey how the science is and will likely be used in criminal law and the policy and the ethical issues that arise from its use for criminal law and for society.