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Author : Peter S. Harper,Angus Clarke Publisher : Taylor & Francis Page : 276 pages File Size : 45,5 Mb Release : 1997 Category : Medical ISBN : UVA:X006057908
Genetics, Society and Clinical Practice by Peter S. Harper,Angus Clarke Pdf
This book examines, from both ethical and clinical perspectives, the impact of increasing genetic knowledge on individuals and families. The authors use their experience of working at the "coal face" of clinical genetics to describe the social implications arising from the ability to rest for an increasing number of genetic diseases. Current controversial issues such as genetic testing and insurance, early diagnosis of late onset disorders, population screening, and abuses of genetics, are all described with great clarity. Several of the chapters are based on lead articles and editorials the authors have been asked to write for The Lancet and British Medical Journal. The book provides a concise introduction to the effects on individuals of the practical issues associated with genetic testing and therefore should be essential reading for all involved in clinical genetics.
Assessing Genetic Risks by Institute of Medicine,Committee on Assessing Genetic Risks Pdf
Raising hopes for disease treatment and prevention, but also the specter of discrimination and "designer genes," genetic testing is potentially one of the most socially explosive developments of our time. This book presents a current assessment of this rapidly evolving field, offering principles for actions and research and recommendations on key issues in genetic testing and screening. Advantages of early genetic knowledge are balanced with issues associated with such knowledge: availability of treatment, privacy and discrimination, personal decision-making, public health objectives, cost, and more. Among the important issues covered: Quality control in genetic testing. Appropriate roles for public agencies, private health practitioners, and laboratories. Value-neutral education and counseling for persons considering testing. Use of test results in insurance, employment, and other settings.
Genomics and Society by Dhavendra Kumar,Ruth Chadwick Pdf
Genomics and Society; Ethical, Legal-Cultural, and Socioeconomic Implications is the first book to address the vast and thorny web of ELSI topics identified as core priorities of the NHGRI in 2011. The work addresses fundamental issues of biosociety and bioeconomy as the revolution in biology moves from research lab to healthcare system. Of particular interest to healthcare practitioners, bioethicists, and health economists, and of tangential interest to the gamut of applied social scientists investigating the societal impact of new medical paradigms, the work describes a myriad of issues around consent, confidentiality, rights, patenting, regulation, and legality in the new era of genomic medicine. Addresses the vast and thorny web of ELSI topics identified as core priorities of the NHGRI in 2011 Presents the core fundamental issues of biosociety and bioeconomy as the revolution in biology moves from research lab to healthcare system Describes a myriad of issues around consent, including confidentiality, rights, patenting, regulation, and more
Genetics in Clinical Practice by Dale Halsey Lea,Jean F. Jenkins,Clair A. Francomano Pdf
Provides a clear explanation of the emerging science of genetics and the role it plays in health care. Clarifies the Human Genome Project and new genetic technologies, and covers cancer genes, inheritance patterns, patient counseling, and ethical, legal, and social implications, focusing on the role
Clinical Genetics in Nursing Practice by Felissa R. Lashley, PhD, RN, FABMGG Pdf
Designated a Doody's Core Title! The third edition of this award-winning text provides new and updated knowledge about genetics issues relevant to nursing practice. Read in sequence or used as a reference, this is a comprehensive overview of how genetics affetcs the care that nurses provide. In addition to a summary of basic human genetics and discussion of the Human Genome Project, this new edition includes the latest research findings and implications about inheritance, major genetic disorders (cytogenetics or chromosomal, inherited biochemical, and congenital anomalies), and genetics in twin studies. A consideration of the ethical impact of genetics on society and future generations, as well as information on assisted reproduction round out the overview. Includes over 100 illustrations and photos of specific genetic disorders; tables and figures on the distribution of disease; and an extensive appendix listing associations, organizations, and websites relevant to genetics.
Nurses are increasingly being asked to provide information when a genetic diagnosis is made, whether to the individual patient or to members of his or her family. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to present day genetic services, to help professionals feel more confident when dealing with queries or advising where to go for further information. Comprehensive case studies are used to explain the various models of inheritance and explore the possibilities for families, following genetic diagnosis. Family history-taking, risk assessment, basic biology of chromosomes and genes, and laboratory techniques are all described. Issues of ethnicity and ethics are addressed. The book also discusses the development of the role of the genetic nurse counselor.
Genetics for the Health Sciences by Heather Skirton,Christine Patch Pdf
Based on their extensive experience of clinical work, the authors emphasize the practical issues related to the healthcare of individuals and families. Genetics for the Health Sciencestakes an holistic approach, from preconception to adulthood, and addresses the false notion that clinical genetics is of relevance only to those who are planning a family. The book enables nurses, midwives, genetic counselors and doctors to apply the general principles of genetics in their routine clinical practice. As well as discussing the basic principles, Genetics for the Health Sciencesalso describes the latest technologies and shows how these can be applied to clinical practice. This is an essential text which helps all those in clinical healthcare understand the genetics they need in their professional roles. It is also an ideal coursebook for students in the healthcare professions seeking an understanding of core genetic principles and how these are applied in practice. Reviews: ''The text is a compact, concise presentation of the basic concepts in genetics science and the impact of genetics across the lifespan. The organization of the text increases its usefulness to clinicians as each specialty area could easily locate the information most pertinent to their work...The text is well illustrated throughout, again providing summarized information that is easily accessed. An especially helpful feature of this text is the presence of multiple case studies in each chapter, making this text particularly useful for teaching. I think faculty teaching students in advanced practice nursing programs and allied health courses would find this text a succinct addition to their course. However, I could also see this text being useful in RN preparation curriculum. It could easily be a text that would carry over for several specialty areas and provide additional material specific to genetics in each area. Genetics for Health Sciences: A Handbook for Clinical Healthcare is a welcome addition to the rather sparse choices available for presenting genetics content in clinical practice curriculum. Rebekah Hamilton, ISONG, June 2010 ''Tremendous progress in recent years has shaped the field of medical genetics, which continues to expand to involve almost every aspect of human health. Hence, it is necessary for every healthcare professional to acquire a basic understanding of this science. This is clearly the objective of this well-edited and structured book by Skirton and Patch in its second updated edition. The authors'' considerable experience in genetics, through direct clinical practice in addition to organisational and academic roles, can be appreciated in the practical aspect of their writing. The book starts with useful definitions and alerts the reader to the wide applicability of genetics through clinical cases, raising questions that are answered and discussed when relevant in later chapters. Important aspects of genetic counselling, from basic skills such as risk estimation using family trees to more complex ones related to effective ethical communication with the clients in the light of their needs and the different models of counselling, are then discussed in two chapters. However, given their intrinsic function in medical genetics, these issues are also efficiently tackled in the clinical cases outlined in each chapter. The authors then describe important scientific concepts and techniques that are necessary for a good clinical understanding of genetics. Although this section may seem short, the additional resources provided at the end are very useful. Likewise, for all topics covered in the book, the updated links provided serve as a handy catalogue for the health professional seeking extra information. Next, the concepts and techniques described in the first part of the book are applied directly to common genetic conditions and issues faced by different age groups, from prenatal care to older adulthood in separate chapters. This organisation puts into perspective the importance of genetics in different medical specialities and settings. This book, with its concise yet comprehensive explanation of a complex rapidly growing field, should prove to be a valuable resource for a diverse audience of health professionals, including midwives, nurses and physicians, who confront genetic issues during their daily practice without being specialists in medical genetics.'' Nadine Taleb, Journal of Medical Genetics ''When first asked to write this book review I thought to myself how it would be important to give a rounded report on both the book''s strengths and weaknesses. After reading the book, however, I realised that it is difficult to find weaknesses. The authors, Heather Skirton and Christine Patch, between them have over 30 years of experience in clinical genetics. Their experience of explaining genetics in their professional roles shines through in the way they have written the book. They make complex genetic principles interesting and understandable. The book does not baffle or patronise. The book is easily navigated. It is broken down into clear chapters that are ordered in a pleasingly logical way. The first chapter ''sets the scene'' by introducing the reader to important concepts related to genetic health care including issues such as ethical practice, the different forms of genetic testing and the impact of genetic conditions on families. The next chapters then discuss the family tree, counselling issues, genetic science and public health genetics. The remaining chapters then explore the core topics relating to particular life stages from preconception to older adulthood. It engages the reader from the start when it introduces seven ''core'' families that reappear throughout the book to highlight a number of key issues. The text is peppered with clear illustrations, useful step by step guides, practical checklists, and test yourself sections making the book lively and dynamic. The test yourself sections make the book student friendly and would also make good teaching aids to lecturers and tutors. At the start of the book there is a list of helpful websites and at the end of each chapter there is a list of resources for those who wish to extend their knowledge. One of the main strengths of this book is its refreshingly practical approach. All too often books can be written in a way in which it is difficult for the reader to transfer the knowledge that they have gained into their day-to-day practice. The introduction states that ''the aim of this book is to enable those in healthcare to update their knowledge on topics related to genetics and genomics that have an impact in their daily work and apply it usefully in patient care''. Given the fact that genetics has increasingly become a core component in a number of specialties, one would think that meeting this aim for all would be a tall order. This book however eloquently does so using case examples and key practice points boxes throughout to demonstrate the clinical application of the topic under discussion. Another of the book''s main strengths is the way in which it promotes individualised care by enabling the reader to consider the impact of genetic conditions from the patients'' point of view. Genetics for the Health Sciencesbrings genetics into common healthcare settings. It is highly recommended as an essential text for health care professionals in roles across all specialties. It is also recommended to students, lecturers, social scientists; to anyone who has an interest in genetics and wishes to extend their knowledge. It is a joy to read and could be read from cover to cover.'' Helen Thistlewood, Medical Genetics ''Genetics is at the forefront of medicine and nurses are expected to have a basic understanding of the subject. This handbook is well written and the authors do a good job of making this complex topic understandable. The book lists prenatal, childhood and adult genetic conditions that may involve testing and counselling. Genetic services, types of genetic testing and the impact of genetic conditions on families are discussed in depth, and case studies highlight the emotional and psychological needs of patients and their families. Guidelines for drawing family trees and practical examples of risk assessment are well explained. The perspective of the patient regarding risk and lay knowledge is also considered... All departments should have a copy of this book on their shelves.'' Audrey Ardern-Jones, Nursing Standard
Ethics and Genetics by Guido de Wert,Ruud H.J. ter Meulen,Roberto Mordacci Pdf
Genetic information plays an increasingly important role in ourlives. As a result of the Human Genome Project, knowledge ofthe genetic basis of various diseases is growing, withimportant consequences for the role of genetics in clinicalpractice, health care systems and for society at large. In theclinical setting genetic testing may result in a better insightinto susceptibility for inheritable diseases, not only before orafter birth, but also at later stages in life. Besides prenataltesting and pre-conceptional testing, predictive testing hasresulted in new possibilities for the early detection, treatmentand prevention of inheritable diseases. However, not all inheritable diseases that can be predicted onthe basis of genetic information can be treated or cured.Should we offer genetic tests to people for untreatablediseases? Should we test every individual who wants to knowhis or her genetic status? Should we inform family membersabout the results of genetic tests of individuals, even whenthere are no possibilities for treatment? What, in such cases,is the role of the "right-not-to-know"? Should we informfamily members when there is only an increased risk of adisease? This book deals with the ethical issues of clinicalgenetics, as well as ethical issues that arise in geneticscreening, the research of populations, and the use of geneticinformation for access to insurance and the workplace.
Psychiatric Genetics by Jordan W. Smoller,Beth Rosen Sheidley,Ming T. Tsuang Pdf
As more patients seek information about family risks of psychiatric illness -- an interest likely to increase as gene-identification studies are publicized -- most psychiatrists agree it is their role to discuss these issues but admit they are ill-prepared to do so. Psychiatric Genetics addresses that need as the first book to focus on clinical applications of genetics in psychiatry. It covers issues involved in genetic counseling, the interpretation of familial and genetic information for clinical use, information regarding risks associated with specific psychiatric disorders, risk/benefit considerations related to medication use during pregnancy, and the ethical and social implications of psychiatric genetic knowledge and research -- including the prospects for genetic testing. While other books have been written for the genetics community, this volume is addressed to practitioners: a clinically relevant resource that can help them understand the often bewildering flood of information about genetics -- information difficult to interpret, let alone integrate into practice -- and enable them to respond to patients' requests to predict the risk of recurrence of psychiatric illness or provide information about reproductive and pregnancy-related issues. Experts from psychiatry, genetic epidemiology, molecular genetics, genetic counseling, cognitive psychology, and ethics focus on issues that have received little attention elsewhere yet are of increasing importance to clinicians. Written at a level that assumes no particular expertise in genetics, the book features these immediately applicable benefits: It offers a framework for understanding and critically evaluating the psychiatric genetic research literature, enabling clinicians to better understand the meaning and limitations of genetic discoveries when patients raise questions about media reports. It provides a resource for clinicians who would like more information about the role and content of genetic counseling, outlining a typical counseling session while demonstrating how risks are estimated and discussed. It summarizes genetic aspects of major psychiatric conditions -- from childhood-onset disorders through psychotic, mood, and anxiety disorders to dementia -- as well as neuropsychiatric manifestations of other genetic disorders. It alerts clinicians to risk/benefit considerations related to medication use during pregnancy. It covers the ethical, legal, and social implications of genetic research and counseling, illustrating the dilemmas that arise with new advances. Whether used as a clinical guide, reference, or ancillary text, this book sets the standard for the application of psychiatric genetic knowledge in everyday practice. Psychiatrists, mental health clinicians, and genetic counselors will find it an essential resource for all patient encounters in which genetic issues arise.
Culture, Kinship and Genes by E. Parsons,A. Clarke Pdf
The first comprehensive attempt to explore the issues raised by genetic counselling across cultures. It will be of interest to health professionals and to students and lecturers in the social, behavioural and political sciences and in genetics, medicine and nursing. The meaning and relevance of kinship and ethnicity in the context of genetic disease, cultural issues that have arisen in practice, including the influence of the lay public's beliefs about inheritance and the wider social and political context of genetics and genetic disease are all explored in depth.
Author : D. J. Weatherall Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA Page : 396 pages File Size : 40,5 Mb Release : 1991 Category : Medical ISBN : UOM:39015022261344
The New Genetics and Clinical Practice by D. J. Weatherall Pdf
The book introduces non-specialist readers to the principles and scientific background which have provided insight into the study of human genes and their structure, activity, and role in normal and abnormal protein synthesis. This knowledge leads to clearer understanding of the molecular pathology of disease and to an awareness of potential applications to diagnosis and the development of therapeutic techniques.
How to Practice Academic Medicine and Publish from Developing Countries? by Samiran Nundy,Atul Kakar,Zulfiqar A. Bhutta Pdf
This is an open access book. The book provides an overview of the state of research in developing countries – Africa, Latin America, and Asia (especially India) and why research and publications are important in these regions. It addresses budding but struggling academics in low and middle-income countries. It is written mainly by senior colleagues who have experienced and recognized the challenges with design, documentation, and publication of health research in the developing world. The book includes short chapters providing insight into planning research at the undergraduate or postgraduate level, issues related to research ethics, and conduct of clinical trials. It also serves as a guide towards establishing a research question and research methodology. It covers important concepts such as writing a paper, the submission process, dealing with rejection and revisions, and covers additional topics such as planning lectures and presentations. The book will be useful for graduates, postgraduates, teachers as well as physicians and practitioners all over the developing world who are interested in academic medicine and wish to do medical research.
