Geology And Hydrogeology Of Carbonate Islands

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Geology and hydrogeology of carbonate islands

Author : Leonard H.L. Vacher,Terrence M. Quinn
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 947 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2004-04-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080554660

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Geology and hydrogeology of carbonate islands by Leonard H.L. Vacher,Terrence M. Quinn Pdf

This book on geology and hydrogeology of carbonate islands is volume 54 in the Developments in Sedimentology series.

Perspectives on Karst Geomorphology, Hydrology, and Geochemistry

Author : Russell S. Harmon,Carol M. Wicks,Derek C. Ford,William Blaine White
Publisher : Geological Society of America
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780813724041

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Perspectives on Karst Geomorphology, Hydrology, and Geochemistry by Russell S. Harmon,Carol M. Wicks,Derek C. Ford,William Blaine White Pdf

The Engineering Geology and Hydrology of Karst Terrains

Author : Barry F. Beck,J. Gayle Herring,J. Brad Stephenson
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 527 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2020-12-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000100105

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The Engineering Geology and Hydrology of Karst Terrains by Barry F. Beck,J. Gayle Herring,J. Brad Stephenson Pdf

Engineers from around the world recount in this volume their successes and failures in attempting to deal with unique and quixotic landscapes.

Climate Change Effects on Groundwater Resources

Author : Holger Treidel,Jose Luis Martin-Bordes,Jason J. Gurdak
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2011-12-02
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780415689366

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Climate Change Effects on Groundwater Resources by Holger Treidel,Jose Luis Martin-Bordes,Jason J. Gurdak Pdf

Climate change is expected to modify the hydrological cycle and affect freshwater resources. Groundwater is a critical source of fresh drinking water for almost half of the world’s population and it also supplies irrigated agriculture. Groundwater is also important in sustaining streams, lakes, wetlands, and associated ecosystems. But despite this, knowledge about the impact of climate change on groundwater quantity and quality is limited. Direct impacts of climate change on natural processes (groundwater recharge, discharge, storage, saltwater intrusion, biogeochemical reactions, chemical fate and transport) may be exacerbated by human activities (indirect impacts). Increased groundwater abstraction, for example, may be needed in areas with unsustainable or contaminated surface water resources caused by droughts and floods. Climate change effects on groundwater resources are, therefore, closely linked to other global change drivers, including population growth, urbanization and land-use change, coupled with other socio-economic and political trends. Groundwater response to global changes is a complex function that depends on climate change and variability, topography, aquifer characteristics, vegetation dynamics, and human activities. This volume contains case studies from diverse aquifer systems, scientific methods, and climatic settings that have been conducted globally under the framework of the UNESCO-IHP project Groundwater Resources Assessment under the Pressures of Humanity and Climate Change (GRAPHIC). This book presents a current and global synthesis of scientific findings and policy recommendations for scientists, water managers and policy makers towards adaptive management of groundwater sustainability under future climate change and variability.

Carbonate Reservoirs

Author : Clyde H. Moore,William J. Wade
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2013-08-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128081037

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Carbonate Reservoirs by Clyde H. Moore,William J. Wade Pdf

Shallow-marine carbonate sequences commonly undergo exposure to meteoric waters. These waters are chemically aggressive toward sedimentary carbonate minerals, capable of rapidly dissolving grains and generating secondary porosity. The carbonate derived from dissolution can precipitate as cement, either nearby or hydrologically downstream, decreasing porosity. Thus the potential for restructuring of original depositional porosity is very high in the meteoric diagenetic environment. Chemical signatures of meteoric pore waters and meteoric carbonate cements are distinct and reflect kinetics of the CaCO3–H2O–CO2 system, climatic effects, and hydrologic setting. The meteoric diagenetic environment is subdivided into vadose and phreatic diagenetic zones. Caliches/calcretes are distinctive diagenetic profiles of uppermost vadose zones in semi-arid climates. Porosity development in vadose diagenetic zones is to a large degree a function of relative sea level, which controls the occurrence of localized floating freshwater lenses (during highstands) versus regional meteoric water systems (during lowstands). Detailed examples presented include Quintana Roo (Mexico) strandplains and Oaks Field (North Louisian Jurassic), both highstand prograding shoreline systems, and Great Bahama Bank and Barbados (lowstand platform-wide aquifer systems). Geochemical trends in calcite cements and porosity development patterns characteristic of regional meteoric aquifer systems are illustrated from Mississippian Lake Valley Formation grainstones (southwest New Mexico). Karst processes and porosity styles are described in order that paleokarst features in reservoirs can be recognized and/or predicted. Detailed evaluations of paleokarsted reservoirs include Yates and Ellenburger fields (Permian and Ordovician of West Texas, respectively) and Rospo Mare Field (Cretaceous), Adriatic offshore, Italy. Lastly, the validity and significance of dolomitization associated with meteoric and especially mixed meteoric–marine waters (Dorag model) is evaluated and found to be lacking.

Karst Modeling

Author : Arthur Palmer,Margaret Palmer,Ira Sasowsky
Publisher : Karst Waters Institute
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1999-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780964025844

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Karst Modeling by Arthur Palmer,Margaret Palmer,Ira Sasowsky Pdf

Proceedings of the symposium held February 24 through 27, 1999, Charlottesville, Virginia

Coastal Karst Landforms

Author : Michael J. Lace,John E. Mylroie
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2013-06-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400750166

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Coastal Karst Landforms by Michael J. Lace,John E. Mylroie Pdf

Carbonate rock coasts are found world-wide, from continental shorelines of the Adriatic Sea of Europe to the Yucatan Peninsula of North America, and on tropical islands from Rodrigues Island in the Indian Ocean, to the Mariana Islands in the Pacific Ocean, to the Bahama Islands in the Atlantic Ocean. Such coasts are well known for their unusual and distinctive karst landforms. Karst processes, particularly those associated with coastal landforms, are proving to be surprisingly unique and complex. This volume presents a comprehensive overview of the processes associated with coastal karst development comparing examples from a broad geographical and geomorphological range of island and continental shoreline/paleoshoreline settings, including a review of pseudokarst processes that can compete with and overprint dynamic coastal karst landscapes. As effective management of hydrologic resources grows more complex, coastal caves and karst represent fundamental components in associated coastal aquifers, which in the rock record can also form significant petroleum reservoirs. Audience By providing a clearer understanding of the geological, biological, archaeological and cultural value of coastal caves and karst resources, this volume offers a critical tool to coastal researchers and geoscientists in related fields and to coastal land managers as it illustrates the diversity of coastal karst landforms, the unique processes which formed them, the diversity of resources they harbor and their relationship to coastal zone preservation strategies and the development of sustainable management approaches.

World Atlas of Coral Reefs

Author : Mark Spalding,Corinna Ravilious,Edmund Peter Green
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0520232550

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World Atlas of Coral Reefs by Mark Spalding,Corinna Ravilious,Edmund Peter Green Pdf

An up-to-date, detailed, and fully-illustrated account of the biodiversity and status of coral reefs.

Geology of the Cayman Islands

Author : Brian Jones
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2022-11-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031082306

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Geology of the Cayman Islands by Brian Jones Pdf

Grand Cayman, Little Cayman, and Cayman Brac are, in reality, the summits of independent fault blocks that rise from the depths of the Caribbean Sea. This book traces the geological evolution of these islands over the last 30 to 35 million years. The balance between deposition of carbonate sediments and karst development of the exposed land was dictated by the interaction between ever-changing sea levels and vertical tectonic movement of the fault blocks. Today, drinking water needed for the ever-increasing populations of the islands is supplied largely by desalinization plants that are located in accord with a detailed knowledge of the bedrock. This book is based on an extensive data base that has been assembled over the last 40 years of field work and laboratory analyses. Noteworthy aspects of this database include: Approximately 60 visits to the islands over last 40 years – sampling and documentation of virtually every accessible outcrop on the islands (including some that no longer exist). Most samples have been fully documented petrographically and geochemically. Data from 120 wells that have been drilled to depths up to 245 m (most less than 125 m). Wells have been cored and/or chip sampled. Full documentation of drilling histories, XRD analyses of samples, extensive geochemical analyses for major and minor elements, stable isotopes, 87Sr/86Sr ratios, and Rare Earth Elements from numerous samples. Mapping and sampling of modern sediments, including sediment cores, from most of the lagoons around Grand Cayman. Extensive thin section petrography, scanning electron microscope, and electron microprobe analyses of the dolostones and limestones that form the bedrock of the islands. Samples and data collected from numerous caves on Grand Cayman and Cayman Brac have been used to track their developmental history. Detailed analyses of phosphates collected from Little Cayman. Detailed analyses of terra rossa collected from each of the islands.

Encyclopedia of Modern Coral Reefs

Author : David Hopley
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1226 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2010-11-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789048126385

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Encyclopedia of Modern Coral Reefs by David Hopley Pdf

Coral reefs are the largest landforms built by plants and animals. Their study therefore incorporates a wide range of disciplines. This encyclopedia approaches coral reefs from an earth science perspective, concentrating especially on modern reefs. Currently coral reefs are under high stress, most prominently from climate change with changes to water temperature, sea level and ocean acidification particularly damaging. Modern reefs have evolved through the massive environmental changes of the Quaternary with long periods of exposure during glacially lowered sea level periods and short periods of interglacial growth. The entries in this encyclopedia condense the large amount of work carried out since Charles Darwin first attempted to understand reef evolution. Leading authorities from many countries have contributed to the entries covering areas of geology, geography and ecology, providing comprehensive access to the most up-to-date research on the structure, form and processes operating on Quaternary coral reefs.

Climate Change and Impacts in the Pacific

Author : Lalit Kumar
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2020-01-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030328788

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Climate Change and Impacts in the Pacific by Lalit Kumar Pdf

This edited volume addresses the impacts of climate change on Pacific islands, and presents databases and indexes for assessing and adapting to island vulnerabilities. By analyzing susceptibility variables, developing comprehensive vulnerability indexes, and applying GIS techniques, the book's authors demonstrate the particular issues presented by climate change in the islands of the Pacific region, and how these issues may be managed to preserve and improve biodiversity and human livelihoods. The book first introduces the issues specific to island communities, such as high emissions impacts, and discusses the importance of the lithological traits of Pacific islands and how these physical factors relate to climate change impacts. From here, the book aims to analyze the various vulnerabilities of different island sectors, and to formulate a susceptibility index from these variables to be used by government and planning agencies for relief prioritization. Such variables include tropical cyclones, built infrastructures, proximity to coastal areas, agriculture, fisheries and marine resources, groundwater availability, biodiversity, and economic impacts on industries such as tourism. Through the categorization and indexing of these variables, human and physical adaptation measures are proposed, and support solutions are offered to aid the inhabitants of affected island countries. This book is intended for policy makers, academics, and climate change researchers, particularly those dealing with climate change impacts on small islands.

Karst Hydrogeology and Geomorphology

Author : Derek Ford,Paul D. Williams
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 581 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2013-05-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118684993

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Karst Hydrogeology and Geomorphology by Derek Ford,Paul D. Williams Pdf

Originally published in 1989, Karst Geomorphology and Hydrology became the leading textbook on karst studies. This new textbook has been substantially revised and updated. The first half of the book is a systematic presentation of the dissolution kinetics, chemical equilibria and physical flow laws relating to karst environments. It includes details of the many environmental factors that complicate their chemical evolution, with a critique of measurement of karst erosion rates. The second half of the book looks at the classification system for cave systems and the influence of climate and climatic change on karst development. The book ends with chapters on karst water resource management and a look at the important issues of environmental management, including environmental impact assessment, environmental rehabilitation, tourism impacts and conservation values. Practical application of karst studies are explained throughout the text. "This new edition strengthens the book's position as the essential reference in the field. Karst geoscientists will not dare to stray beyond arm's reach of this volume. It is certain to remain the professional standard for many decades." Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, August 2007

The Karst Systems of Florida

Author : Sam Upchurch,Thomas M. Scott,MICHAEL ALFIERI,Beth Fratesi,Thomas L. Dobecki
Publisher : Springer
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2018-09-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319696355

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The Karst Systems of Florida by Sam Upchurch,Thomas M. Scott,MICHAEL ALFIERI,Beth Fratesi,Thomas L. Dobecki Pdf

This book discusses the geology, hydrogeology, and water quality/geochemistry of karst systems in geologically young terrain, using the state of Florida as an example. Also discussed are sinkhole-development models; sinkhole risk; eogenetic karst features developed in rocks as young as 125,000 years and as old as 65 million years; and karst landscapes of Florida, including regional geology and geomorphology with important examples of karst features, such as springs, sinkholes, caves, and other karst landforms. The eogenetic karst of Florida is largely covered and this book extensively discusses the interactions of karst processes with sand- and clay-rich cover materials.

Groundwater Resources and Salt Water Intrusion in a Changing Environment

Author : Maurizio Polemio ,Kristine Walraevens
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2019-11-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783039211975

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Groundwater Resources and Salt Water Intrusion in a Changing Environment by Maurizio Polemio ,Kristine Walraevens Pdf

This Special Issue presents the work of 30 scientists from 11 countries. It confirms that the impacts of global change, resulting from both climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressure, are huge on worldwide coastal areas (and critically so on some islands in the Pacific Ocean), with highly negative effects on coastal groundwater resources, which are widely affected by seawater intrusion. Some improved research methods are proposed in the contributions: using innovative hydrogeological, geophysical, and geochemical monitoring; assessing impacts of the changing environment on the coastal groundwater resources in terms of quantity and quality; and using modelling, especially to improve management approaches. The scientific research needed to face these challenges must continue to be deployed by different approaches based on the monitoring, modelling and management of groundwater resources. Novel and more efficient methods must be developed to keep up with the accelerating pace of global change.

Aquifer Characterization Techniques

Author : Robert G. Maliva
Publisher : Springer
Page : 617 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2016-05-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319321370

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Aquifer Characterization Techniques by Robert G. Maliva Pdf

This book presents an overview of techniques that are available to characterize sedimentary aquifers. Groundwater flow and solute transport are strongly affected by aquifer heterogeneity. Improved aquifer characterization can allow for a better conceptual understanding of aquifer systems, which can lead to more accurate groundwater models and successful water management solutions, such as contaminant remediation and managed aquifer recharge systems. This book has an applied perspective in that it considers the practicality of techniques for actual groundwater management and development projects in terms of costs, technical resources and expertise required, and investigation time. A discussion of the geological causes, types, and scales of aquifer heterogeneity is first provided. Aquifer characterization methods are then discussed, followed by chapters on data upscaling, groundwater modelling, and geostatistics. This book is a must for every practitioner, graduate student, or researcher dealing with aquifer characterization .