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Geometry: Euclid and Beyond by Robin Hartshorne Pdf
This book offers a unique opportunity to understand the essence of one of the great thinkers of western civilization. A guided reading of Euclid's Elements leads to a critical discussion and rigorous modern treatment of Euclid's geometry and its more recent descendants, with complete proofs. Topics include the introduction of coordinates, the theory of area, history of the parallel postulate, the various non-Euclidean geometries, and the regular and semi-regular polyhedra.
Geometry is brought to life as Euclid explains principles of Geometry to his friends. With jokes and lots of illustrations, discover the beauty of geometry and, before you know it, you too will soon be a friend of Euclid! Shoo Rayner adds humour and simplicity to a tricky subject. A perfect introduction.
Through Euclid's Window Leonard Mlodinow brilliantly and delightfully leads us on a journey through five revolutions in geometry, from the Greek concept of parallel lines to the latest notions of hyperspace. Here is an altogether new, refreshing, alternative history of math revealing how simple questions anyone might ask about space -- in the living room or in some other galaxy -- have been the hidden engine of the highest achievements in science and technology. Based on Mlodinow's extensive historical research; his studies alongside colleagues such as Richard Feynman and Kip Thorne; and interviews with leading physicists and mathematicians such as Murray Gell-Mann, Edward Witten, and Brian Greene, Euclid's Window is an extraordinary blend of rigorous, authoritative investigation and accessible, good-humored storytelling that makes a stunningly original argument asserting the primacy of geometry. For those who have looked through Euclid's Window, no space, no thing, and no time will ever be quite the same.
This textbook is a self-contained presentation of Euclidean Geometry, a subject that has been a core part of school curriculum for centuries. The discussion is rigorous, axiom-based, written in a traditional manner, true to the Euclidean spirit. Transformations in the Euclidean plane are included as part of the axiomatics and as a tool for solving construction problems. The textbook can be used for teaching a high school or an introductory level college course. It can be especially recommended for schools with enriched mathematical programs and for homeschoolers looking for a rigorous traditional discussion of geometry. The text is supplied with over 1200 questions and problems, ranging from simple to challenging. The solutions sections of the book contain about 200 answers and hints to solutions and over 100 detailed solutions involving proofs and constructions. More solutions and some supplements for teachers are available in the Instructor's Manual, which is issued as a separate book. Book Reviews: 'In terms of presentation, this text is more rigorous than any existing high school textbook that I know of. It is based on a system of axioms that describe incidence, postulate a notion of congruence of line segments, and assume the existence of enough rigid motions ("free mobility")... My gut reaction to the book is, wouldn't it be wonderful if American high school students could be exposed to this serious mathematical treatment of elementary geometry, instead of all the junk that is presented to them in existing textbooks. This book makes no concession to the TV-generation of students who want (or is it the publishers who want it for them?) pretty pictures, side bars, puzzles, games, historical references, cartoons, and all those colored images that clutter the pages of a typical modern textbook, while the mathematical content is diluted more and more with each successive edition.' Professor Robin Hartshorne, University of California at Berkeley. 'The textbook "Euclidean Geometry" by Mark Solomonovich fills a big gap in the plethora of mathematical textbooks - it provides an exposition of classical geometry with emphasis on logic and rigorous proofs... I would be delighted to see this textbook used in Canadian schools in the framework of an improved geometry curriculum. Until this day comes, I highly recommend "Euclidean Geometry" by Mark Solomonovich to be used in Mathematics Enrichment Programs across Canada and the USA.' Professor Yuly Billig, Carlton University.
Eight essays trace seminal ideas about the foundations of geometry that led to the development of Einstein's general theory of relativity. This is the only English-language collection of these important papers, some of which are extremely hard to find. Contributors include Helmholtz, Klein, Clifford, Poincaré, and Cartan.
Euclid's Elements by A. C. McKay,R. A. Thompson Pdf
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Euclid's Elements (the Thirteen Books) by Euclid Pdf
Euclid was a mathematician from the Greek city of Alexandria who lived during the 4th and 3rd century B.C. and is often referred to as the "father of geometry." Within his foundational treatise "Elements," Euclid presents the results of earlier mathematicians and includes many of his own theories in a systematic, concise book that utilized a brief set of axioms and meticulous proofs to solidify his deductions. In addition to its easily referenced geometry, "Elements" also includes number theory and other mathematical considerations. For centuries, this work was a primary textbook of mathematics, containing the only framework for geometry known by mathematicians until the development of "non-Euclidian" geometry in the late 19th century. The extent to which Euclid's "Elements" is of his own original authorship or borrowed from previous scholars is unknown, however despite this fact it was his collation of these basic mathematical principles for which most of the world would come to the study of geometry. Today, Euclid's "Elements" is acknowledged as one of the most influential mathematical texts in history. This volume includes all thirteen books of Euclid's "Elements," is printed on premium acid-free paper, and follows the translation of Thomas Heath.
Euclid—The Creation of Mathematics by Benno Artmann Pdf
Euclid presents the essential of mathematics in a manner which has set a high standard for more than 2000 years. This book, an explanation of the nature of mathematics from its most important early source, is for all lovers of mathematics with a solid background in high school geometry, whether they be students or university professors.
Geometry defines the world around us, helping us make sense of everything from architecture to military science to fashion. And for over two thousand years, geometry has been equated with Euclid's Elements, arguably the most influential book in the history of mathematics In The King of Infinite Space, renowned mathematics writer David Berlinski provides a concise homage to this elusive mathematician and his staggering achievements. Berlinski shows that, for centuries, scientists and thinkers from Copernicus to Newton to Einstein have relied on Euclid's axiomatic system, a method of proof still taught in classrooms around the world. Euclid's use of elemental logic—and the mathematical statements he and others built from it—have dramatically expanded the frontiers of human knowledge. The King of Infinite Space presents a rich, accessible treatment of Euclid and his beautifully simple geometric system, which continues to shape the way we see the world.
A sweeping cultural history of one of the most influential mathematical books ever written Euclid's Elements of Geometry is one of the fountainheads of mathematics—and of culture. Written around 300 BCE, it has traveled widely across the centuries, generating countless new ideas and inspiring such figures as Isaac Newton, Bertrand Russell, Abraham Lincoln, and Albert Einstein. Encounters with Euclid tells the story of this incomparable mathematical masterpiece, taking readers from its origins in the ancient world to its continuing influence today. In this lively and informative book, Benjamin Wardhaugh explains how Euclid’s text journeyed from antiquity to the Renaissance, introducing some of the many readers, copyists, and editors who left their mark on the Elements before handing it on. He shows how some read the book as a work of philosophy, while others viewed it as a practical guide to life. He examines the many different contexts in which Euclid's book and his geometry were put to use, from the Neoplatonic school at Athens and the artisans' studios of medieval Baghdad to the Jesuit mission in China and the workshops of Restoration London. Wardhaugh shows how the Elements inspired ideas in theology, art, and music, and how the book has acquired new relevance to the strange geometries of dark matter and curved space. Encounters with Euclid traces the life and afterlives of one of the most remarkable works of mathematics ever written, revealing its lasting role in the timeless search for order and reason in an unruly world.
The Four Pillars of Geometry by John Stillwell Pdf
This book is unique in that it looks at geometry from 4 different viewpoints - Euclid-style axioms, linear algebra, projective geometry, and groups and their invariants Approach makes the subject accessible to readers of all mathematical tastes, from the visual to the algebraic Abundantly supplemented with figures and exercises
Kiselev's Geometry by Andreĭ Petrovich Kiselev Pdf
This volume completes the English adaptation of a classical Russian textbook in elementary Euclidean geometry. The 1st volume subtitled "Book I. Planimetry" was published in 2006 (ISBN 0977985202). This 2nd volume (Book II. Stereometry) covers solid geometry, and contains a chapter on vectors, foundations, and introduction in non-Euclidean geometry added by the translator. The book intended for high-school and college students, and their teachers. Includes 317 exercises, index, and bibliography.