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George Orwell's Theory of Language by Andrei Reznikov Pdf
There is not a single book that gives a systematic description of George Orwell’s views on language. Andrei Reznikov’s work is the first attempt to fill this gap. Reznikov puts together the pieces of Orwell’s language puzzle, scattered throughout his essays, diaries, letters, radio talks and fiction, and proposes the Newspeak model as Orwell’s way to formulate his theory. The theory is then tested with illustrative examples from three languages—modern English, Nazi German, and Soviet Russian. Finally, the author describes bias-free language as an implementation of Orwell’s ideas.
George Orwell's Theory of Language by Andrei Reznikov Pdf
There is not a single book that gives a systematic description of George Orwells views on language. Andrei Reznikovs work is the first attempt to fill this gap. Reznikov puts together the pieces of Orwells language puzzle, scattered throughout his essays, diaries, letters, radio talks and fiction, and proposes the Newspeak model as Orwells way to formulate his theory. The theory is then tested with illustrative examples from three languagesmodern English, Nazi German, and Soviet Russian. Finally, the author describes bias-free language as an implementation of Orwells ideas.
George Orwell is well known for his strong views on language, society and politics, and admired for the robust, personal tone of his writings. The Language of George Orwell, the first detailed study of his style, demonstrates his stylistic versatility, and analyzes the linguistic techniques which create a variety of memorable effects in his novels and other prose works. Roger Fowler is a leading exponent of linguistic criticism, the method of analysis employed in this book.
Politics and the English Language by George Orwell Pdf
George Orwell set out ‘to make political writing into an art’, and to a wide extent this aim shaped the future of English literature – his descriptions of authoritarian regimes helped to form a new vocabulary that is fundamental to understanding totalitarianism. While 1984 and Animal Farm are amongst the most popular classic novels in the English language, this new series of Orwell’s essays seeks to bring a wider selection of his writing on politics and literature to a new readership. In Politics and the English Language, the second in the Orwell’s Essays series, Orwell takes aim at the language used in politics, which, he says, ‘is designed to make lies sound truthful and murder respectable, and to give an appearance of solidity to pure wind’. In an age where the language used in politics is constantly under the microscope, Orwell’s Politics and the English Language is just as relevant today, and gives the reader a vital understanding of the tactics at play. 'A writer who can – and must – be rediscovered with every age.' — Irish Times
Politics and the English Language by George Orwell Pdf
George Orwell set out ‘to make political writing into an art’, and to a wide extent this aim shaped the future of English literature – his descriptions of authoritarian regimes helped to form a new vocabulary that is fundamental to understanding totalitarianism. While 1984 and Animal Farm are amongst the most popular classic novels in the English language, this new series of Orwell’s essays seeks to bring a wider selection of his writing on politics and literature to a new readership. In Politics and the English Language, the second in the Orwell’s Essays series, Orwell takes aim at the language used in politics, which, he says, ‘is designed to make lies sound truthful and murder respectable, and to give an appearance of solidity to pure wind’. In an age where the language used in politics is constantly under the microscope, Orwell’s Politics and the English Language is just as relevant today, and gives the reader a vital understanding of the tactics at play. 'A writer who can – and must – be rediscovered with every age.' — Irish Times
"Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Novel", often published as "1984", is a dystopian social science fiction novel by English novelist George Orwell. It was published on 8 June 1949 by Secker & Warburg as Orwell's ninth and final book completed in his lifetime. Thematically, "Nineteen Eighty-Four" centres on the consequences of totalitarianism, mass surveillance, and repressive regimentation of persons and behaviours within society. Orwell, himself a democratic socialist, modelled the authoritarian government in the novel after Stalinist Russia. More broadly, the novel examines the role of truth and facts within politics and the ways in which they are manipulated. The story takes place in an imagined future, the year 1984, when much of the world has fallen victim to perpetual war, omnipresent government surveillance, historical negationism, and propaganda. Great Britain, known as Airstrip One, has become a province of a totalitarian superstate named Oceania that is ruled by the Party who employ the Thought Police to persecute individuality and independent thinking. Big Brother, the leader of the Party, enjoys an intense cult of personality despite the fact that he may not even exist. The protagonist, Winston Smith, is a diligent and skillful rank-and-file worker and Outer Party member who secretly hates the Party and dreams of rebellion. He enters into a forbidden relationship with a colleague, Julia, and starts to remember what life was like before the Party came to power.
Author : John Wesley Young Publisher : University of Virginia Press Page : 335 pages File Size : 45,8 Mb Release : 1991 Category : Language and languages ISBN : 0813913241
In this analysis of the language of totalitarianism, John Wesley Young examines the manipulation of language by Nazi and Communist regimes. Relating the language of totalitarian regimes to the language Newspeak in George Orwell's satirical novel 1984, Young addresses the similarities and differences between the real and fictional languages, demonstrates the accuracy of Newspeak, and explores the degree of control that language can exert over the thought and behaviour of a people.
George Orwell's 1984 and its implications on the political system of the GDR by Christof Dieterle Pdf
Seminar paper from the year 2003 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1 (A), University of Kassel (Anglistics), course: George Orwell, 6 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: The following paper deals with the parallels between the society described in George Orwell’s dystopian novel “1984” and the society of the German Democratic Republic. Given the fact that Orwell’s own experiences concerning totalitarianism, and especially communism, play an important role in all his literary works, I think it is very interesting to have a closer look on a society that existed in a communist environment and to compare this society with the fictional society of Oceania in “1984”. In the first chapter I will give a brief summary of the author’s biography, followed by a short synopsis of the novel “1984”. The second part deals with the society of Oceania. I will focus on the main aspects of society, such as governmental institutions, the surveillance apparatus, etc. In the third chapter I will analyse the society of the GDR and try to establish links and parallels to “1984”. The last part of my paper consists of a short summary and some conclusions on the nature of totalitarianism and freedom.
Orwell’s “Politics and the English Language” in the Age of Pseudocracy by Hans Ostrom,William Haltom Pdf
Orwell’s "Politics and the English Language" in the Age of Pseudocracy visits the essay as if for the first time, clearing away lore about the essay and responding to the prose itself. It shows how many of Orwell’s rules and admonitions are far less useful than they are famed to be, but it also shows how some of them can be refurbished for our age, and how his major claim—that politics corrupts language, which then corrupts political discourse further, and so on indefinitely—can best be re-deployed today. "Politics and the English Language" has encouraged generations of writers and readers and teachers and students to take great care, to be skeptical and clear-sighted. The essay itself requires a fresh, clear, skeptical analysis so that it can, with reapplication, reclaim its status as a touchstone in our era of the rule of falsehood: the age of "pseudocracy."
Politics and the English Language by George Orwell Pdf
"Politics and the English Language" (1946) is an essay by George Orwell that criticised the "ugly and inaccurate" written English of his time and examines the connection between political orthodoxies and the debasement of language. The essay focuses on political language, which, according to Orwell, "is designed to make lies sound truthful and murder respectable, and to give an appearance of solidity to pure wind". Orwell believed that the language used was necessarily vague or meaningless because it was intended to hide the truth rather than express it. This unclear prose was a "contagion" which had spread to those who did not intend to hide the truth, and it concealed a writer's thoughts from himself and others.Orwell encourages concreteness and clarity instead of vagueness, and individuality over political conformity.
George Orwell's Dystopian World. "Nineteen Eighty-Four" and the Pragmatics of (Mis)Understanding by Mansour Khelifa Pdf
Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2015 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, , language: English, abstract: Occupying a central position in the political inner debate of Winston Smith, the main character in Orwell’s novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, is the following statement/promise/threat: “We shall meet in the place where there is no darkness” (25). This cryptic illocutionary speech act is initially heard by Winston in a dream, then is distinctly associated with, and equivocally reiterated, later on in the novel, by O’Brien who embodies, at the same time, the main character’s ideological mentor, intellectual tormentor and physical torturer. As the story unfolds, the initially promising trope, “the place where there is no darkness,” becomes more and more of a sibylline utterance representing a locus of (mis)understanding and a space of radical misreading. The representation of this place is stripped of its dream-like, metaphorical significance and reveals a dark, deictic and literal meaning. “[T]he place where there is no darkness” turns out the infamous Room 101, which is precisely the opposite of what it initially passes for, that is, a ‘utopian’ space of enlightenment. On the contrary, Room 101 is a ‘dystopian’ place, in the novel, where the light is deliberately never switched off as a torture inflicted upon political dissidents like Winston Smith. Likewise, the story line seems to operate a series of ironical degradations such as utopia becoming dystopia; metaphor dwindling into synecdoche; and euphemism signalling a glaring “statement” (25) charged with a sense of utter (mis)understanding, foreboding and warning, culminating in the irreversible destruction of the main character. Winston’s revolutionary dream of a better world turns into a horrible nightmare full of equivocation and despair. The mutual (mis)understanding between Winston and O’Brien leads to complete brainwash and emasculation of the former. Winston’s political resistance to, and hate of, Big Brother’s regime are annihilated, his dream is shattered. The story ends with Winston being ultimately defeated, ironically depicted as follows: “[h]e had won the victory over himself. He loved Big Brother” (297); whereas at the beginning of the narrative he has emphatically written in his secret diary in distinct capital letters: “DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER” (18).
"Rich and compelling. . .Lynskey’s account of the reach of 1984 is revelatory.” --George Packer, The Atlantic An authoritative, wide-ranging, and incredibly timely history of 1984--its literary sources, its composition by Orwell, its deep and lasting effect on the Cold War, and its vast influence throughout world culture at every level, from high to pop. 1984 isn't just a novel; it's a key to understanding the modern world. George Orwell's final work is a treasure chest of ideas and memes--Big Brother, the Thought Police, Doublethink, Newspeak, 2+2=5--that gain potency with every year. Particularly in 2016, when the election of Donald Trump made it a bestseller ("Ministry of Alternative Facts," anyone?). Its influence has morphed endlessly into novels (The Handmaid's Tale), films (Brazil), television shows (V for Vendetta), rock albums (Diamond Dogs), commercials (Apple), even reality TV (Big Brother). The Ministry of Truth is the first book that fully examines the epochal and cultural event that is 1984 in all its aspects: its roots in the utopian and dystopian literature that preceded it; the personal experiences in wartime Great Britain that Orwell drew on as he struggled to finish his masterpiece in his dying days; and the political and cultural phenomena that the novel ignited at once upon publication and that far from subsiding, have only grown over the decades. It explains how fiction history informs fiction and how fiction explains history.
Politics and the English Language and Other Essays by George Orwell Pdf
"Politics and the English Language and Other Essays" is a collection of 6 essays by George Orwell. Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950), known by his pen name George Orwell, was an English novelist, essayist, journalist and critic. His work is characterised by lucid prose, biting social criticism, opposition to totalitarianism, and outspoken support of democratic socialism. Included in this collection: - Politics and the English Language - Politics vs. Literature: An Examination of Gulliver's Travels - The Prevention of Literature - Why I Write - Writers and Leviathan - Poetry and the Microphone
George Orwell: Complete Works by George Orwell Pdf
DigiCat Publishing presents the George Orwell Collection, compiled of the greatest novels, poems, essays and autobiographical works of this great visionary:_x000D_ Novels:_x000D_ Burmese Days_x000D_ A Clergyman's Daughter_x000D_ Keep the Aspidistra Flying_x000D_ Coming Up for Air_x000D_ Animal Farm_x000D_ 1984_x000D_ Poetry:_x000D_ Awake! Young Men of England_x000D_ Kitchener_x000D_ Our Hearts Are Married, But We Are Too Young_x000D_ The Pagan_x000D_ Poem from Burma_x000D_ The Lesser Evil_x000D_ Romance_x000D_ Summer-like for an Instant_x000D_ The Italian Soldier Shook My Hand..._x000D_ Reflections on War and Society:_x000D_ Spilling the Spanish Beans_x000D_ Not Counting Niggers_x000D_ Prophecies of Fascism_x000D_ Wells, Hitler and the World State_x000D_ Looking Back on the Spanish War_x000D_ Who Are the War Criminals?_x000D_ Future of a Ruined Germany_x000D_ Revenge is Sour_x000D_ You and the Atomic Bomb_x000D_ Notes on Nationalism_x000D_ Catastrophic Gradualism_x000D_ Freedom of the Park_x000D_ How the Poor Die_x000D_ In Front of Your Nose_x000D_ Thoughts on England:_x000D_ Democracy in the British Army_x000D_ The Lion and the Unicorn_x000D_ Antisemitism in Britain_x000D_ In Defence of English Cooking_x000D_ Decline of the English Murder_x000D_ Politics and the English Language_x000D_ Views on Literature, Art & Famous Men:_x000D_ In Defence of the Novel_x000D_ Notes on the Way_x000D_ Charles Dickens_x000D_ Literature and Totalitarianism_x000D_ The Art of Donald Mcgill_x000D_ Rudyard Kipling_x000D_ W. B. Yeats_x000D_ Mark Twain—the Licensed Jester_x000D_ Lear, Tolstoy and the Fool_x000D_ Writers and Leviathan_x000D_ Reflections on Gandhi..._x000D_ Book Reviews:_x000D_ Mein Kampf_x000D_ The Totalitarian Enemy..._x000D_ Miscellaneous Writings:_x000D_ A Farthing Newspaper_x000D_ The Spike_x000D_ Boys' Weeklies and Frank Richards's Reply_x000D_ Poetry and the Microphone_x000D_ The Sporting Spirit..._x000D_ Autobiographical Works:_x000D_ A Hanging_x000D_ Down and Out in Paris and London_x000D_ Bookshop Memories_x000D_ Shooting an Elephant_x000D_ The Road to Wigan Pier_x000D_ Homage to Catalonia_x000D_ Marrakech_x000D_ Why I Write...
