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Author : Bernhard Heitger,Leonard Waverman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2005-06-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134891429
First published in 1993. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Author : Paul J.J. Welfens
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2013-11-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783642973796
German unification is changing central Europe, the EC and international economic and political relations. Prosperous West Germany with its "social market economy" has absorbed the socialist GDR which is facing a complex systemic tranformation process. This volume analyzes the causes, developments, and processes that are associated with German unification. The merger of the two Germanies provides a unique laboratory like example of institutional and economic changes against which established economic theoreis and economic policy concepts can be tested. German unification raises, of course, many new questions for Grmany itself, Europe, and the whole international community. Will the enlarged Germany become a new economic giant in Europe and can the FRG maintain stability and prosperity? What macroeconomic and structural problems are faced by the new Germany and what are the effects for trade, investment, and growth in Germany`s partner countries? Will East Germany catch up with the West and can this process serve as a model forEastern Europe? What are the views of Poland and the USSR, and what implications arise for Western Europe and the United States? Finally, how isthe triangular relationship between the U.S., the EC, and Japan affected, and how does this affect the United States` ability to organize economic cooperation with Japan, Germany, and other leading economies?
Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1990-12-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1557752001
This paper discusses comparison of economic and social indicators in the year 1988 between Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and German Democratic Republic (GDR). The budgetary costs of unification will be substantially larger than initially envisaged. Moreover, if one adds to the budget the increases in government debt related to equalization paper, a portion of the old enterprise debt on the books of the banks. The Trust Fund has been assigned a task or enormous scope and complexity: the privatization, restructuring, and in some cases, liquidation of 8000 enterprises with 4 million employees. Even taking care of the short-run financial problems of these enterprises has proved daunting; the more fundamental task will be near impossible to achieve with any rapidity. It is clearly essential to the success of economic integration that capital allow east rather than labor flowing west and that income growth and new opportunities arc enough to meet reasonable aspirations on the pan of the residents of East Germany.
Author : Thomas Lange,J. R. Shackleton
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1571818804
Examines such issues as privatization, monetary reform, and unemployment in reunified Germany. Contributors from economics and politics discuss the complex processes of the unification and what can be learned from it about economies and societies that undergo profound transformations. They suggest that Europe as a whole is about to encounter such change of like magnitude. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author : A. Bradley Shingleton
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2019-03-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429723544
German unification has proven to be a complex, multidimensional process rather than a single political event. Four years after political unification, Germany continues to confront formidable economic, social, and cultural challenges in the unification process. This volume examines some of economic, social and legal aspects of the unification process four years after political unification was achieved.
Author : A. Ghanie Ghaussy,Wolf Schäfer
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1993-02-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134884971
German unification is proving much more difficult than was originally envisaged. The integration of two national economies with different economic orders, different sectoral structures and divergent levels of development seems set to take a long time. This timely examination of the major issues involved emphasises the impact of unification on diffe
Author : Ulrich Pfister,Nikolaus Wolf
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 391 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2023-03-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000850260
There is a striking chronological parallel between Germany’s transition from a post-Malthusian regime to modern economic growth and the formation of a modern nation-state between the late 1860s and the early 1880s, which culminated in the events of 1871.The central question of this book is whether and how such state formation did in fact contribute to economic development. Twenty chapters written by leading experts in their respective fields deal with various aspects of the book’s main question. Together, they identify three channels by which national unification contributed to Germany’s economic development: (1) Creation of a nation-state completed a process of institutional Unification of a large inland area and thereby increased the integration of domestic markets. (2) Unification raised the capacity of the political system with respect to regulating complex domains, such as stock companies, patenting, and social insurance. (3) The emerging political regime of market-preserving federalism promoted the quality of economic institutions. Moreover, a set of chapters dealing with the experience of other European economies apart from Germany during the second half of the nineteenth century highlight additional factors in nineteenth-century economic development, most notably the first wave of modern globalization and economic geography. Readers interested in the history of state building and the economic history of Germany and of Europe in general during the age of industrialization and globalization and students of the economic effects of political integration and decentralized state growth will all gain much from this book.
Author : Mr.Paul R. Masson,Mr.Joseph E. Gagnon,Warwick J. McKibbin
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 38 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1996-05-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781451975147
This study reviews early simulations of the effects of German unification using three different rational-expectations multi-country models. Despite significant differences in their structures and in the implementations of the unification shock, the models delivered a number of common results that proved reasonably accurate guides to the direction and magnitude of the effects of unification on key macroeconomic variables. Unification was expected to give rise to an increase in German aggregate demand that would put upward pressure on output, inflation, and the exchange rate, and downward pressure on the current account balance. The model simulations also highlighted contractionary effects of high German interest rates on EMS countries.
Author : Klaus Larres,Panikos Panayi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2014-08-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317891741
Today the problems of reunification seem to feature more often in the international spotlight than the benefits. This timely volume offers a reassessment of Germany's postwar development from its inception through to reunification, including a thorough examination of the implications for economic, political and social policies. The impressive team of contributors include leading names in the history of modern Germany, together with some of the ablest younger scholars in the field. They are: Hartmut Berghoff, David Childs, Immanuel Geiss, Graham Hallett, Klaus Larres, Terry McNeill, Torsten Opelland, Richard Overy, Stephen Padgett, Panikos Panayi, and Mathias Siekmeier.
Author : Hanna Behrend
Publisher : Pluto Press (UK)
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105019181812
This book examines the new framework of ideas (since 1989) which will inform our understanding on how development in the old Third World should be understood
Author : Mr.Paul R. Masson,Mr.Guy Meredith
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 54 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1990-09-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781451954197
The economic effects of German unification are first discussed in the context of a global saving/investment model. Next, simulations of MULTIMOD are presented, suggesting for the FRG an initial increase in long-term real interest rates equal to 3/4 of a percentage point, increased output, a temporary half-point rise in inflation, a modest real appreciation of the deutsche mark, and a reduction of the (combined GDR and FRG) current account surplus equal to 2 percent of GNP. Effects on the rest of the world seem to be relatively small. Different policies are examined within the EMS, and other simulation studies are surveyed.
Author : Paul J. J. Welfens
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2014-09-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3642973809
Author : Manfred G. Schmidt,Gerhard A. Ritter
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2012-11-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783642225284
This book provides a comprehensive analysis of social policy in the German Democratic Republic (GDR, 1949-1990), followed by an analysis of the “Social Union”, the transformation of social policy in the process of German unification in 1990. Schmidt’s analysis of the GDR also depicts commonalities and differences between the welfare state in East and West Germany as well as in other East European and Western countries. He concludes that the GDR was unable to cope with the trade-off between ambitious social policy goals and a deteriorating economic performance. Ritter embeds his analysis of the Social Union in a general study of German unification, its international circumstances and its domestic repercussions (1989-1994). He argues that social policy played a pivotal role in German unification, and that there was no alternative to extending the West German welfare state to the East. Ritter, a distinguished historian, bases his contribution on an award-winning study for which he drew on archival sources and interviews with key actors. Schmidt is a distinguished political scientist.
Author : Horst Siebert
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2014-04-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781400851652
In this book, one of Germany's most influential economists describes his country's economy, the largest in the European Union and the third largest in the world, and analyzes its weaknesses: poor GDP growth performance, high unemployment due to a malfunctioning labor market, and an unsustainable social security system. Horst Siebert spells out the reforms necessary to overcome these shortcomings. Taking a broader view than other recent books on the German economy, he considers Germany's fiscal policy stance, product market regulation, capital market, environmental policy, aging and immigration policies, and its system for human capital formation as well as Germany's role in the European Union, including the euro zone. Germany's system of economic governance emerges as a common theme as Siebert examines why this onetime economic powerhouse is today a faltering giant. He argues that what Germany needs, above all, is a market renaissance; that it must throw off the shackles of its social welfare economy and of its hallmark consensus approach, whereby group-based cooperative decision-making has undermined competition and markets. In doing so he examines both the country's social security system and its labor market, including trade unions. His focus throughout is on Germany's present concerns, foreseeable future problems, and long-term policy issues. The definitive word on the postwar German economy to the present day, The German Economy is essential reading for economists and finance professionals as well as students, researchers, and others interested in modern-day Germany and its place and prospects at the heart of Europe.
Author : Gerhard Pohl
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Alemania - Historia
ISBN : 9781002051450
Did the "big bang" approach work or would gradual change have been more appropriate? Which measures have worked and which have not?
