Global Geostrategy

Author : Brian Blouet
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2020-09-23
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000159134

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Global Geostrategy by Brian Blouet Pdf

This is a new examination of Halford Mackinder’s seminal global geostrategic work, from the perspective of geography, diplomatic history, political science, international relations, imperial history, and the space age. Mackinder was a man ahead of his time. He foresaw many of the key strategic issues that came to dominate the twentieth century. Until the disintegration of the Soviet Union, western defence strategists feared that one power, or alliance, might come to dominate Eurasia. Admiral Mahan discussed this issue in The Problem of Asia (1900) but Mackinder made the most authoritative statement in "The Geographical Pivot of History" (1904). He argued that in the "closed Heart-Land of Euroasia" was a strategically placed region, with great resources, that if controlled by one force could be the basis of a World Empire. James Kurth, in Foreign Affairs, has commented that it has taken two World Wars and the Cold War to prevent Mackinder’s prophecy becoming reality. In World War I and World War II Germany achieved huge territorial gains at the expense of the Russian empire and the Soviet Union. In the former conflict the Russian empire was defeated by Germany but the western powers insisted that the territorial gains made by Germany, at the treaty of Brest-Litovsk, be given up. In World War II Britain and the US gave material support to Stalin’s totalitarian regime to prevent Nazi Germany gaining control of the territory and resources that might have been a basis for world domination. The west, highly conscious of Mackinder’s dictum (1919) that "Who rules East Europe commands the Heartland," quickly adopted policies to contain the Soviet Union. History has therefore proved Mackinder’s work to be of vital importance to generations of strategic thinking and he remains a key influence in the new millennium. This book will be of great interest to all students and scholars of strategic studies and military history and of geopolitics in particular.

Author : Col Akshaya Handa
Publisher : Vij Books India Pvt Ltd
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2014-05-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789382652557

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China's Geo-Strategy and International Behaviour by Col Akshaya Handa Pdf

Geography confers advantages and imposes restrictions on regions. Regional powers over the millennia, leverage the former and aim to overcome the latter to maximize their gains. Such behaviour has been more consistent than political or religious ideologies.This can be seen in turmoil in Pakistan despite religious homogeneity and the failure of the erstwhile USSR – China – Vietnam axis at the height of Cold War despite similar ideology and structures. Likely emergence of China as a global power has placed its neighbours on the horns of dilemma, where some portray it as expansionist and hegemonistic power, others believe it to be an engine for economic rise. The challenge of managing China would require understanding its long term goals and likely means it would employ to achieve them. The process initiated by Deng Xiaoping has made China an economic giant which many believe is Communist only in name. Even while the Third Plenum of November 2013 seeks to strengthen the process, it also has recognized vulnerabilities in society, which have the potential of causing internal collapse. The book aims to understand China’s geographical advantages and restrictions along with its history and economic structure; the themes that emerge are important indicators to understand its Geo-Strategy. China’s international behaviour of the last few decades not only validates these but also points to the means that China is employing to achieve its aim. Important lessons thus emerge for managing partnership with China.

Author : Jakub J. Grygiel
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2007-02-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780801889615

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Great Powers and Geopolitical Change by Jakub J. Grygiel Pdf

Named by Foreign Affairs as a book to read on geopolitics. In an era of high technology and instant communication, the role of geography in the formation of strategy and politics in international relations can be undervalued. But the mountains of Afghanistan and the scorching sand storms of Iraq have provided stark reminders that geographical realities continue to have a profound impact on the success of military campaigns. Here, political scientist Jakub J. Grygiel brings to light the importance of incorporating geography into grand strategy. He argues that states can increase and maintain their position of power by pursuing a geostrategy that focuses on control of resources and lines of communication. Grygiel examines case studies of Venice, the Ottoman Empire, and China in the global fifteenth century—all great powers that faced a dramatic change in geopolitics when new routes and continents were discovered. The location of resources, the layout of trade networks, and the stability of state boundaries played a large role in the success or failure of these three powers. Grygiel asserts that, though many other aspects of foreign policy have changed throughout history, strategic response to geographical features remains one of the most salient factors in establishing and maintaining power in the international arena.

Author : Oliver Jones,Witold Henisz
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2023-11-07
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1633310736

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Geostrategy in Practice by Oliver Jones,Witold Henisz Pdf

International business needs to begin taking geopolitical risks and opportunities much more seriously. A paradigm shift is now underway-- the first of its kind since the late 1980s-- that will likely separate the wheat from the chaff among companies across the globe for several decades. To ' be the wheat, ' companies will need to professionalize efforts to incorporate geopolitical realities into all aspects of their business. That can be done-- but while most companies are presently haphazard in their approach, confused about both how to analyze the world as it evolves and how to operationalize that analysis, others are figuring how to play changes to their advantage. To get there, executives need to be systematic, strategic, and savvy. Companies need to engage in education efforts from the board to the operational level, and then put that shared understanding of political risk into action. Each company will have a different set of priorities to develop its geostrategy and strengthen its ability to manage political risks in a more strategic way. This book provides useful step-by-step recommendations for how executives should consider putting geostrategy into practice at their company.

Author : Jiye Kim,Arpit Raswant
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 187 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2022-09-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783031056338

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International Business and Security by Jiye Kim,Arpit Raswant Pdf

In the context of intensifying nationalism and protectionism and a reconfiguration of the global value chains, the world’s leading economies find themselves confronted with significant challenges. To address these issues, this book builds on conceptual and empirical analysis and makes a case for interdisciplinary research that connects International Business (IB) and International Security (IS) domains. Employing the concept of geostrategy and using multi-level approaches to explain the interaction among various players in IB and IS, the authors examine the implications that IB and IS disciplines provide to each other. This book is a valuable resource for students and researchers interested in international business, international relations, international security, and international political economy and answers the growing call for an interdisciplinary research approach to promoting critical thinking in the rapidly evolving international business and security environment.

Author : Colin S. Gray,Geoffrey Sloan
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2014-01-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9781135265090

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Geopolitics, Geography and Strategy by Colin S. Gray,Geoffrey Sloan Pdf

Geopolitical conditions influence all strategic behaviour - even when cooperation among different kinds of military power is expected as the norm, action has to be planned and executed in specific physical environments. The geographical world cannot be avoided, and it happens to be 'organized' into land, sea, air and space - and possibly the electromagnetic spectrum including 'cyberspace'. Although the meaning of geography for strategy is a perpetual historical theme, explicit theory on the subject is only one hundred years old. Ideas about the implication of geographical, especially spatial, relationships for political power - which is to say 'geopolitics'- flourished early in the twentieth century. Divided into theory and practice sections, this volume covers the big names such as Mackinder, Mahan and Haushofer, as well as looking back at the vital influence of weather and geography on naval power in the long age of sail (sixteenth to nineteenth centuries). It also looks forward to the consequences of the revival of geopolitics in post-Soviet Russia and the new space-based field of "astropolitics".

Author : Syed Tahseen Raza
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2020-11-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000218138

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United States and Pakistan in the 21st Century by Syed Tahseen Raza Pdf

This book historically maps and examines the evolving, contemporary geostrategic and geopolitical imperatives of the United States within Pakistan and the South Asian region, especially after September 11, 2001. It offers a detailed and theoretical account of the rapidly changing context of US foreign policy towards Pakistan after 2001. The history of the US-Pakistan relationship has been a complex and inscrutable mix of cooperation and conflict has turned even more challenging after 9/11. This book covers the latest developments and relevant themes from world politics as it discusses the impact of the unprecedented rise in religious extremism in Pakistan, stemming from the US War on Terror as well as Pakistan’s economic vulnerability and military dictatorship, India’s offer to support the US in its war in Afghanistan, Pakistan’s nuclear capability, and the US administration’s decision to end financial aid to Pakistan. The study highlights the fact that, from the receding of British influence in the region through the Cold War and post-Cold War phases to the post-9/11 period, US-South Asia policy has been informed by the theoretical paradigm of the grand strategy of primacy. This topical book will be useful to scholars and researchers of international relations, politics, political studies, strategic and defence studies, security and peace studies, foreign policy, area studies, and South Asian studies. It will also interest diplomats, politicians, policymakers, security experts, journalists, and think tanks interested in India, Pakistan, and the United States on issues of international politics, world affairs, and terrorism.

Author : Akshaya Handa
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:952070301

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China's Geostrategy and International Behaviour by Akshaya Handa Pdf

Author : Crespo, Nuno,Simoes, Nadia
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 446 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2021-06-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781799875697

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Handbook of Research on the Empirical Aspects of Strategic Trade Negotiations and Management by Crespo, Nuno,Simoes, Nadia Pdf

International trade is a key dimension of the world economy, it is a critical factor in raising living standards, increasing employment, and providing a larger variety of goods to consumers around the world. Despite the strong focus that international trade research has received in theoretical terms, the empirical aspects of trade are less clear and justify further research. In this context, it is essential for studies to focus on shedding light on the most important methods used to evaluate the multiple dimensions of trade within this international context. Trade has a myriad of direct and indirect effects, therefore touching several fields of research, including economics, management, finance, international relations, political science, and sociology, which makes it essential to explore. The Handbook of Research on the Empirical Aspects of Strategic Trade Negotiations and Management provides a systematic overview of the latest trends in the empirical analysis of trade from international perspectives. It provides a survey on the methods used to evaluate a specific topic in international trade, enhance knowledge about the multiple facets of international trade around the world, and grant in-depth surveys of previous empirical findings on specific topics in international trade. Important topics covered within this book include trade diversification, regional centrality, ethical pricing, globalization, cultural impacts, and open economies. This book is a valuable reference tool for government officials, policy makers, managers, executives, economists, practitioners, stakeholders, researchers, academicians, and students.

Author : Kunto Wibowo AP
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2020-09-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783346238542

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Geostrategy And Strategic Environment. Optimization Variables Form Maximization by Kunto Wibowo AP Pdf

Academic Paper from the year 2020 in the subject Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict, Security, , course: Strategic War Study Program, language: English, abstract: The level of productivity produces maximum benefits to provide maximum usefulness to prove the maximum is not something that produces maximum performance, but optimal is what will produce maximum performance, so the optimal is the desired maximum variable performance. Thus, this becomes increasingly important in determining the expected maximum level of achievement, bearing in mind that there is everything in the maximum performance that causes it to be not optimal, so that everything is optimal which can produce maximum results. Therefore, everything in the process of achieving maximum is not maximum, but optimal. Related to this, it is not for the purpose of criticizing but rather a logical approach, where the formulation of the perception of national power according to Ray Cline, Power equation: P = (C + E + M) x (S + W), where: C = critical mass (population and territory); E = economic capacity or strength; M = military capacity or strength (including: the strategic balance plus combat cap-ties and bonuses for effort); S = national strategy coefficient; W = national will (including: level of national integration, the strength of leadership, and the relevance of strategy to the national interest), is an effort to achieve a maximum P value, so that each factor comprehensively to achieve maximum P is maximal and not optimal. Whereas P which is stated to be maximum, actually it is not a maximum result, because the equation does not show a unity of process, but rather an equation in the calculation of addition and multiplication operations, which can be understood as a totality.

Author : William Mallinson
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2016-09-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781443816601

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The Threat of Geopolitics to International Relations by William Mallinson Pdf

Geopolitics, both in name, and in its application via geostrategy, is a controversial area of international relations. Although the practice of obtaining resources is as old as Mankind, the word came into its own with the imperial policies of the great powers in the nineteenth century, was used to justify world wars, went into decline, but was ‘taken to America’ and then re-exported to Europe after the last war by the likes of Henry Kissinger. Nowadays, the term is used unconsciously by politicians obsessed with power, often to justify war. This book tears apart the simplistic thinking of geopolitics, and proposes its replacement with the authors’ own method of ‘geohistory’, a method based on recognising that at the base of any analysis and evaluation of the international situation lie human characteristics.

Author : Zbigniew Brzezinski
Publisher : CSIS
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 089206384X

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The Geostrategic Triad by Zbigniew Brzezinski Pdf

Global stability in the early twenty-first century will be conditioned largely by how the United States handles its relations with China, Europe, and Russia -- the "geostrategic triad"-according to Zbigniew Brzezinski. Thus, the United States needs a well-defined strategy to manage the two "Eurasian power triangles": the United States, Japan, and China, and the United States, Europe, and Russia. With this work, he offers a comprehensive geostrategic road map for such U.S. engagement.

Author : Zbigniew Brzezinski
Publisher : Basic Books
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2016-12-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9780465093083

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The Grand Chessboard by Zbigniew Brzezinski Pdf

Bestselling author and eminent foreign policy scholar Zbigniew Brzezinski's classic book on American's strategic mission in the modern world. In The Grand Chessboard, renowned geostrategist Zbigniew Brzezinski delivers a brutally honest and provocative vision for American preeminence in the twenty-first century. The task facing the United States, he argues, is to become the sole political arbiter in Eurasian lands and to prevent the emergence of any rival power threatening our material and diplomatic interests. The Eurasian landmass, home to the greatest part of the globe's population, natural resources, and economic activity, is the "grand chessboard" on which America's supremacy will be ratified and challenged in the years to come. In this landmark work of public policy and political science, Brzezinski outlines a groundbreaking and powerful blueprint for America's vital interests in the modern world. In this revised edition, Brzezinski addresses recent global developments including the war in Ukraine, the re-emergence of Russia, and the rise of China.

Author : Air University Press,Tal Tovy
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2019-07-11
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1079818693

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The Changing Nature of Geostrategy 1900-2000 - The Evolution of a New Paradigm by Air University Press,Tal Tovy Pdf

Military history is rife with examples of operational successes and failures stemming from the geographical environment. However, are twenty-first-century military operations also contingent on the geographical-physical dimension? Major technological advances during the last hundred years have led to a change in the concept of the physical line of operations. These developments led to the gradual contraction of this line, bringing about its near extinction or virtualization. Dr. Paul Springer observes in the book's foreword that "the notion that lines of communication might be made irrelevant to modern warfare revolutionized the concept of geostrategy and led to many modern American military practices, including the ability to base attack forces within the continental United States but still threaten enemy forces worldwide." He adds that "Dr. Tovy's work promises an interesting examination of whether the principles of geostrategy, which have governed human conflict for millennia, might have receded in importance or even ceased to matter at all."

Author : Saul Bernard Cohen
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0847699072

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Geopolitics of the World System by Saul Bernard Cohen Pdf

Cohen argues that the emergence of the United States as the world's sole superpower and the process of globalization have failed to remove the importance of geography as a political and strategic factor of great import. After laying out the structural basis for his theory of geopolitical theory, he launches into an examination of how geopolitical realities have developed since World War II, a period that witnessed greater change than the preceding two and a half centuries. He then turns his attention to the meat of the book, separate examinations of the each of the major world regions, including examinations of the important countries and their individual geopolitical realities.