Global Linkages

Author : Warwick J. McKibbin,Jeffrey D. Sachs
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2011-03-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780815716686

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Global Linkages by Warwick J. McKibbin,Jeffrey D. Sachs Pdf

With the rapid deterioration of the U.S. trade balance in the 1980s, the United States was forced to finance deficits by borrowing heavily from the rest of the world. In doing so, the United States went from being the world's largest creditor country to the world's largest debtor, while Japan and West Germany experienced a rise in trade surpluses. Such a shift in international trade flows has had profound effects on the world economy. McKibbin and Sachs address a range of issues involving macroeconomic imbalances in the world economy. Through the use of a new simulation model of the world economy they explore how policy actions undertaken in one country affect the trade flows and macroeconomic patterns among the other counties. The authors show that key macroeconomic features of the 1980s can be explained by shifts in monetary and fiscal policies in the major economies and by supply shocks due to changes in oil prices. In addition to showing how the global macroeconomic experience can be understood, they focus on a number of current policy issues, including the reduction of global trade imbalances, the consequences of U.S. fiscal consolidation, the effects of an oil price shock, the implications for the U.S. economy of increases in Japanese and German fiscal spending, the effects of targeting exchange rates among the major currencies, and the gains of increased coordination of macroeconomic politics among the major economies. In several cases, their conclusions are shown to be quite different from those that form the basis of many conventional views. The authors also analyze the importance of interaction between policymakers in industrial economies and conclude by reemphasizing the need for U.S. politicians and policy experts to recognize that macroeconomic results in the U.S. now depend heavily on events abroad.

Author : Bimal Ghosh
Publisher : Springer
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1997-05-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781349254224

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Gains from Global Linkages by Bimal Ghosh Pdf

The growth of the services sector in developing countries and their increased participation in trade in services have far-reaching implications for promotion of employment and income and management of international migration. The book brings out these implications in the context of the Uruguay Round Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) and explains how trade-related temporary movements of persons can be a partial substitute for longer-term migration, serving the interests of both developed and developing countries in a more efficient global economy.

Author : David Zweig
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2018-05-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781501717437

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Internationalizing China by David Zweig Pdf

China began opening to the outside world in 1978. This process was designed to remain under the state's control. But the relative value of goods and services inside and outside China drove cities, enterprises, local governments, andindividuals with comparative advantage in international transactions to seek global linkages. These contacts, David Zweig asserts, led to the deregulation of China's mercantilist regime. Through extensive field research, Zweig surveys the extraordinary changes in four sectors of China's domestic political economy: the establishment of developmentzones, rural joint ventures, the struggle over foreign aid and higher education. He also addresses the crucial question of whether, on balance, internationalization weakens or strengthens state power.

Author : Shigeyuki Hamori
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789814412858

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Global Linkages and Economic Rebalancing in East Asia by Shigeyuki Hamori Pdf

In the wake of the global financial crisis, leading industrialized countries have managed to show only a gradual recovery, while East Asian economies have surged ahead. In particular, China achieved growth in excess of 10% in 2010 and is expected to continue growing at a rapid pace. It appears that in the coming years, East Asia will play an even greater role as a growth center leading global economic expansion. Following the Asian currency crisis of 1997OCo98, consumption and investment in the region decreased considerably, and East Asian economies recovered on the strength of exports. Presently, however, amid a less-than-robust recovery in the US and Europe, the sustainability of East Asia''s reliance on export-led growth has been called into question. The region''s transition to growth based on a balance of foreign and domestic demand is important for both building a stronger foundation for sustainable growth and buttressing global economic expansion. Moreover, the rebalancing of demand in East Asia holds the key to rectifying global current account imbalances OCo the disadvantage of uneven international capital flows. This unique volume illuminates policy issues involved in the efforts to promote the rebalancing of demand in East Asia.

Author : Ms. Gita Gopinath,Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas,Mr. Andrea F Presbitero,Petia Topalova
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 25 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2024-04-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400272745

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Changing Global Linkages: A New Cold War? by Ms. Gita Gopinath,Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas,Mr. Andrea F Presbitero,Petia Topalova Pdf

Global linkages are changing amidst elevated geopolitical tensions and a surge in policies directed at increasing supply chain resilience and national security. Using granular bilateral data, this paper provides new evidence of trade and investment fragmentation along geopolitical lines since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, and compares it to the historical experience of the early years of the Cold War. Gravity model estimates point to significant declines in trade and FDI flows between countries in geopolitically distant blocs since the onset of the war in Ukraine, relative to flows between countries in the same bloc (roughly 12% and 20%, respectively). While the extent of fragmentation is still relatively small and we do not know how longlasting it will be, the decoupling between the rival geopolitical blocs during the Cold War suggests it could worsen considerably should geopolitical tensions persist and trade restrictive policies intensify. Different from the early years of the Cold War, a set of nonaligned ‘connector’ countries are rapidly gaining importance and serving as a bridge between blocs. The emergence of connectors has likely brought resilience to global trade and activity, but does not necessarily increase diversification, strengthen supply chains, or lessen strategic dependence.

Author : Joan Nymand Larsen,Gail Fondahl
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
Page : 507 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2015-02-18
Category : Arctic peoples
ISBN : 9789289338837

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Arctic Human Development Report by Joan Nymand Larsen,Gail Fondahl Pdf

The goals of the second volume of the AHDR – Arctic Human Development Report: Regional Processes and Global Linkages – are to provide an update to the first AHDR (2004) in terms of an assessment of the state of Arctic human development; to highlight the major trends and changes unfolding related to the various issues and thematic areas of human development in the Arctic over the past decade; and, based on this assessment, to identify policy relevant conclusions and key gaps in knowledge, new and emerging Arctic success stories. The production of AHDR-II on the tenth anniversary of the first AHDR makes it possible to move beyond the baseline assessment to make valuable comparisons and contrasts across a decade of persistent and rapid change in the North. It addresses critical issues and emerging challenges in Arctic living conditions, quality of life in the North, global change impacts and adaptation, and Indigenous livelihoods. The assessment contributes to our understanding of the interplay and consequences of physical and social change processes affecting Arctic residents’ quality of life, at both the regional and global scales. It shows that the Arctic is not a homogenous region. Impacts of globalization and environmental change differ within and between regions, between Indigenous and non-Indigenous northerners, between genders and along other axes.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 147 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2013-07-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309287890

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Public Health Linkages with Sustainability by Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine Pdf

In 1992 world leaders met at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro to reaffirm the Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment that was established on June 16, 1972 in Stockholm. The meeting resulted in the adoption of Agenda 21 by the member states which is a framework for the transition to a more sustainable world. In 2012 the members gathered to assess and reaffirm the importance of progress towards the efforts of Agenda 21. In response to this the Institute of Medicine's (IOM's) Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine held a workshop to inform the policies that are discussed at the 2012 Earth Summit. The workshop, held in Woods Hole, Massachusetts on July 25-26, 2011, focused on the issue of sustainability and health as well as the linkages that are currently present between the two. The workshop included presentations and discussions which are summarized in Public Health Linkages with Sustainability: Workshop Summary. The report presents how different areas of public health, such as food and water resources, link to sustainability and opportunities or venues that can be examined.

Author : Peter D. Tyson,Roland Fuchs,Congbin Fu,Louis Lebel,Hermine Vloemans,Eric Odada,John Perry,Will Steffen,Hassan Virji
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642562280

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Global-Regional Linkages in the Earth System by Peter D. Tyson,Roland Fuchs,Congbin Fu,Louis Lebel,Hermine Vloemans,Eric Odada,John Perry,Will Steffen,Hassan Virji Pdf

Global environmental change occupies a central niche in the pantheon of modern sciences. There is an urgent need to know and understand the way in which global biogeochemical cycles have changed over different time scales in the past and are likely to do so in the future. Equally important, it is necessary to determine the extent to which natural variability and that induce by anthropogenic activities are bringing about change. A number of international co-operative scientific programmes ad dress these issues. Chief among them are the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) and the Inter national Human Dimensions Programme (IHDP) for global change. This book is one of a series of IGBP syntheses drawing together findings in global environmental change over the past decade or so. One focus of IGBP activities is the System for Analysis, Research and Training (START). Co-sponsored by the WCRP and IHDP, START establishes regional research networks for global change science in developing countries, stimulates and carries out global change research in developing regions of the world, and builds capacity to undertake such research at personal, institutional and regional levels. Several regional global change networks have been established, and much regional research has been accomplished in the last five years or so. In this book, work relating to four of the older START regions, Southern Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia and East Asia, will be used as case studies to illustrate regional-global linkages in Earth System Science.

Author : Tian Wei,Maoliang Bu
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Business
ISBN : 0367771403

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Global Networks and Innovation in China by Tian Wei,Maoliang Bu Pdf

Author : Otaviano Canuto,Swati Ghosh
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2013-10-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464800030

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Dealing with the Challenges of Macro Financial Linkages in Emerging Markets by Otaviano Canuto,Swati Ghosh Pdf

This book deals with the challenges of macro financial linkages in the emerging markets.

Author : United Nations. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
Publisher : Santiago, Chile : United Nations, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSC:32106011127690

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Latin America and the Caribbean by United Nations. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean Pdf

Dated April 1995

Author : Vera Markgraf
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2001-01-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080525660

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Interhemispheric Climate Linkages by Vera Markgraf Pdf

This book presents a novel approach in the field of global change by presenting a comprehensive analysis of interhemispheric linkages of climate, present and past, and their effects on human societies. The ultimate goal of this interhemispheric integration is to improve our understanding of causes and mechanisms of climate change to enhance our capability in predicting future changes. Given the societal interest in global change issues this book offers a new approach for the integration of global information. It will provide a reference for professional scientists, researchers and graduate students in the fields of climatology, and the earth and environmental sciences. Chapters analyse instrumental atmospheric and oceanic data to address such phenomena as El Nino/Southern Oscillation variability and other climate anomalies such as the Pacific and North Atlantic Oscillation and polar air outbreaks A new systematic methodology is presented that allows objective and verifiable reconstruction of climate fields from sparse data Especially valuable in the context of climate proxy data

Author : Takuji Kinkyo,Takeshi Inoue,Shigeyuki Hamori
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2016-01-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789814713412

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Financial Linkages, Remittances, and Resource Dependence in East Asia by Takuji Kinkyo,Takeshi Inoue,Shigeyuki Hamori Pdf

' The purpose of this book is to empirically analyse the multifaceted nature of financial linkages in East Asia and to discuss the key policy challenges faced by the region''s economies. Although the emphasis is placed on East Asia, some of the chapters cover a broader area of countries depending on the aim of the study. Particular areas of focus in these studies include: the evolution of cross-border financial linkages in East Asia; long-run economic consequences of remittance inflows and natural resource dependence; and policy priorities for the financial integration and management of resource-rich economies. Contents:The Evolution of Cross-Border Financial Linkages in East Asia:Asia-Pacific Economic Linkages: Empirical Evidence in the GVAR Framework (Wang Chen and Takuji Kinkyo)Linkages Among East Asian Stock Markets, US Financial Markets Stress, and Gold (Takashi Miyazaki and Shigeyuki Hamori)Business Cycle Volatility and Hot Money in Emerging East Asian Markets (Xiaojing Cai and Shigeyuki Hamori)Long-Run Economic Consequences of Remittance Inflows and Natural Resource Dependence:Dynamic Impacts of Remittances on Economic Growth in Asia: Evidence from the Dynamic Heterogeneous Panel (Nannan Yuan, Takeshi Inoue and Shigeyuki Hamori)Effects of Remittances on Poverty Reduction in Asia (Takeshi Inoue and Shigeyuki Hamori)Financial Development and Growth in Resource-Rich Countries (Kazue Demachi and Takuji Kinkyo)Policy Priorities for the Financial Integration and Management of Resource-Rich Economies:Spillovers of Financial Stress Shocks: Evidence and Policy Implications (Wang Chen and Takuji Kinkyo)Challenges to Macroeconomic Management in Resource–Rich Developing Economies (Kazue Demachi and Takuji Kinkyo)Policies and Prospects of ASEAN Financial Integration (Satoshi Shimizu) Readership: Advanced undergraduate or postgraduate students studying Asian economics (particularly East Asian economics). Keywords:Financial Linkages;Remittances;Natural Resources;Financial Development;Financial Integration;Economic Growth;Business Cycle;Poverty Reduction;East Asia;ASEAN'

Author : Akira Kohsaka
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2015-03-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317615743

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Macro-Financial Linkages in the Pacific Region by Akira Kohsaka Pdf

Growth perspectives in emerging market economies are increasingly dependent on international capital flows in recent decades because of their influences on business cycles. In fact, volatile international capital flows has been one of the main concerns for the macroeconomic policy authorities. Focusing on emerging economies in the Pacific region, this book reveals how they are different from those in other regions in terms of international macro-financial linkages to the global capital market and domestic financial development,. The book also discusses how these characteristics have interacted with their macroeconomic policy regimes and their macroeconomic performance throughout the two major international financial crises in the past more than two decades. It suggests facts that have strengthened the resilience of these emerging economies in the Pacific region against the global financial crisis along with the intensified intra-regional economic integration through trade and investment. The book also examines their macroeconomic management focusing on monetary policy regimes and suggests that their factual unorthodox policies with exchange rate management and capital controls have contributed to their resilience against the intrinsic volatility of the international capital market and financial flows.

Author : Richard D. Bardgett,David A. Wardle
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2010-07-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191591358

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Aboveground-Belowground Linkages by Richard D. Bardgett,David A. Wardle Pdf

Aboveground-Belowground Linkages provides the most up-to-date and comprehensive synthesis of recent advances in our understanding of the roles that interactions between aboveground and belowground communities play in regulating the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems, and their responses to global change. It charts the historical development of this field of ecology and evaluates what can be learned from the recent proliferation of studies on the ecological and biogeochemical significance of aboveground-belowground linkages. The book is structured around four key topics: biotic interactions in the soil; plant community effects; the role of aboveground consumers; and the influence of species gains and losses. A concluding chapter draws together this information and identifies a number of cross-cutting themes, including consideration of aboveground-belowground feedbacks that occur at different spatial and temporal scales, the consequences of these feedbacks for ecosystem processes, and how aboveground-belowground interactions link to human-induced global change.