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Author : Lisbeth Zimmermann
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2017-08-03
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781107172043
This book argues that global rule-of-law standards in post-conflict states are reshaped in interactive translation processes between external and domestic actors.
Author : Klaus-Gerd Giesen,Kees van der Pijl
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2009-03-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781443808286
Norms in the contemporary world system are no longer established exclusively through inter-state agreement but increasingly, are becoming truly global. This is made possible by the rapid privatisation of law and the self-regulation of the transnational private sector. Other forces driving this epochal transformation are the overwhelming pre-eminence of the United States, the erosion of the role of the United Nations, and the appearance of new actors such as subnational entities and NGO’s. They all contribute to the creation and ideological justification of new norms. This collection brings together critical studies on this complex process. Written by authors from eleven different countries, both established scholars and young specialists, the book challenges the often convenient rationalisations of regime theory, the governance approach, and ‘post-national’ or ‘cosmopolitan’ democracy, in order to explore the practical, theoretical and ethical implications of the new world of global norms.
Author : Peace A. Medie
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2020-03-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190922986
Violence against women has been a focus of transnational advocacy networks since the early 1980s, and the United Nations has, in intervening years, passed a series of resolutions to condemn, prevent, investigate, and punish this violence. Member states have committed to implementing this agenda. Yet, despite this buy-in at the global level, implementation at the domestic level remains uneven. Scholars have found that states are more likely to translate global standards into national laws when pressured by women's movements and international organizations. However, a dearth of research on the implementation at the national and street-levels of these international women's rights norms hampers an understanding of what happens after states pass laws. In Africa, where most states have not prioritized the prevention of violence against women, and the majority of perpetrators act with impunity, there is a major implementation gap. This gap is acute in some post-conflict countries on the continent. Thus, despite the presence of laws on various forms of violence against women in most African countries, justice remains inaccessible to most victims. In Global Norms and Local Action, Peace A. Medie studies the domestic implementation of international norms by examining how and why two post-conflict states in Africa, Liberia and Côte d'Ivoire, have differed in their responses to rape and domestic violence. Specifically, she looks at the roles of the United Nations and women's movements in the establishment of specialized criminal justice sector agencies, and the referral of cases for prosecution. She argues that variation in implementation in Liberia and Côte d'Ivoire can be explained by the levels of international and domestic pressures that states face and by the favorability of domestic political and institutional conditions. Medie's study is based on interviews with over 300 policymakers, bureaucrats, staff at the UN and NGOs, police officers, and survivors of domestic violence and rape an unprecedented depth of research into women's rights and gender violence norm implementation in post-conflict countries. Furthermore, through her interviews with survivors of violence, Medie explains not only how states implement anti-rape and anti-domestic violence norms, but also how women experience and are affected by these norms. She draws on this research to recommend that states adopt a holistic approach to addressing violence against women.
Author : Zoltan Buzas
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2021-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780812252699
How do states violate human rights norms after legalization? Why are these violations so persistent? What are the limits of legalization for protecting human rights norms? Conventional wisdom offers a variety of answers to these questions, but most often they conflate laws and norms and focus only on state actions that violate both. While this focus is undoubtedly valuable, it does not capture cases in which states violate human rights norms without technically violating the law. Norm breakers are not necessarily lawbreakers. Focusing exclusively on norm violations that are illegal obscures the possibility that agents could violate norms in a legal manner, engaging in actions that are awful but lawful. Presenting rich case studies of the French expulsion of Roma immigrants from 2007 to 2017 and the Czech segregation of Roma children in schools for those with mild mental disabilities between 1993 and 2017, Evading International Norms argues that the violation of human rights norms often continues after legalization under the cover of technical legality. While laws and norms overlap, interact, and shape each other in many ways, they tend to reflect each other only selectively, which leads to the existence of norm-law gaps. Taking advantage of such gaps, states resist unwanted human rights obligations by transgressing international human rights norms without violating the laws designed to protect them—a process Zoltán I. Búzás names norm evasion. Based on a wealth of evidence, including more than 160 interviews, the book shows that the treatment of the Roma by France and the Czech Republic violated the norm of racial equality in a technically legal fashion. Búzás cautions that the good news about law compliance is not necessarily good news about norm compliance and draws attention to racial discrimination against the Roma, one of the largest and most marginalized European minorities.
Author : Ingvild Bode,Hendrik Huelss
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2022-01-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780228009245
Autonomous weapons systems seem to be on the path to becoming accepted technologies of warfare. The weaponization of artificial intelligence raises questions about whether human beings will maintain control of the use of force. The notion of meaningful human control has become a focus of international debate on lethal autonomous weapons systems among members of the United Nations: many states have diverging ideas about various complex forms of human-machine interaction and the point at which human control stops being meaningful. In Autonomous Weapons Systems and International Norms Ingvild Bode and Hendrik Huelss present an innovative study of how testing, developing, and using weapons systems with autonomous features shapes ethical and legal norms, and how standards manifest and change in practice. Autonomous weapons systems are not a matter for the distant future – some autonomous features, such as in air defence systems, have been in use for decades. They have already incrementally changed use-of-force norms by setting emerging standards for what counts as meaningful human control. As UN discussions drag on with minimal progress, the trend towards autonomizing weapons systems continues. A thought-provoking and urgent book, Autonomous Weapons Systems and International Norms provides an in-depth analysis of the normative repercussions of weaponizing artificial intelligence.
Author : Lisbeth Zimmermann,Nicole Deitelhoff,Max Lesch,Antonio Arcudi,Anton Peez
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2023-06-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780198873297
International Norm Disputes: The Link between Contestation and Norm Robustness offers a rich, comparative study of when and why contested international norms decline. It presents central findings on the link between contestation and norm robustness based on four detailed, contemporary case studies - the torture prohibition, the responsibility to protect, the moratorium on commercial whaling, and the duty to prosecute institutionalized in the International Criminal Court. It also includes two historical case studies - privateering and the transatlantic slave trade. This book provides in-depth knowledge on contestation and robustness dynamics of central international norms. Having meticulously collected relevant data and conducted extensive qualitative coding, the authors demonstrate that norms are likely to weaken when challengers contest the validity of a norm's core claims but remain robust when they contest a norm's application and contestation does not become permanent. These important findings, comparatively presented here for the first time, are crucial for understanding the much-discussed problems of the contemporary liberal international order. The insights provided establish how different types of challenges will affect global governance mechanisms and which conditions are most likely to create fundamental change.
Author : Antje Wiener
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-23
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781107169524
Examines the involvement of local actors in conflicts over global norms at the intersection between international relations and international law.
Author : Emanuel Adler
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2019-03-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781108419956
"We usually identify international orders with stability and established arrangements of units and institutionalization"--
Author : Tobias Berger
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-22
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780192535092
What happens to transnational norms when they travel from one place to another? How do norms change when they move; and how do they affect the place where they arrive? This book develops a novel theoretical account of norm translation that is located in between theories of norm diffusion and norm localization. It demonstrates how such translations do not follow linear trajectories from 'the global' to 'the local', rather, they unfold in a recursive back and forth movement between different actors located in different context. As norms are translated, their meaning changes; and only if their meaning changes in ways that are intelligible to people within a specific context, the social and political dynamics of this context do change as well. This book analyses translations of 'the rule of law', focusing on contemporary donor-driven projects with non-state courts in rural Bangladesh, and shows how in these projects, global norms change local courts — but only if they are translated, often in unexpected ways from the perspective of international actors. Based on extensive fieldwork, this book reveals how grassroots level employees of local NGOs significantly alter the meaning of global norms — for example when they translate secular notions of the rule of law into the language of Islam and Islamic Law — and only thereby also enhance participatory spaces for marginalized people.
Author : Melissa Schnyder
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 90 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2023-08-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783031411083
This Brief discusses the translation of global environmental norms across local contexts in France. It provides a snapshot of how global-level environmental norms travel vertically across levels of governance, from the global to the local, and asks how global environmental norms are (re)interpreted by local-level actors and translated to a particular local context. Chapters focus on three in-depth case studies, each involving multi-stakeholder environmental governance: (1) the Cerbère-Banyuls Marine Nature Reserve, (2) the Thau Fisheries Local Action Group (FLAG), and (3) the Biovallée biodistrict. In each of these cases, the author assesses how twilight norms are used to frame, promote, and generally develop a local discourse that centers on environmental conservation and sustainability. By combining concepts from the literature on norm localization with processes from the literature on norm-based institutional change, this Brief will generate new insights on the dynamic aspects of norm translation. As such, it will be of interest to researchers studying environmental politics, comparative policy, governance, and norms.
Author : Nina Reiners
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2021-12-02
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108845540
Explores how expert bodies and non-state empowered professionals come together to shape human rights law.
Author : Christian M. De Vos
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 389 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2020-04-23
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108472487
Critically explores the International Criminal Court's evolution and the domestic effects of its interventions in three African countries.
Author : Vincent Pouliot,Jean-Philippe Thérien
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2023-03-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781009344982
This book analyzes the politics of global governance by looking at how global policymaking actually works. It provides a comprehensive theoretical and methodological framework which is systematically applied to the study of three global policies drawn from recent UN activities: the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals in 2015, the institutionalization of the Human Rights Council from 2005 onwards, and the ongoing promotion of the protection of civilians in peace operations. By unpacking the practices and the values that have prevailed in these three cases, the authors demonstrate how global policymaking forms a patchwork pervaded by improvisation and social conflict. They also show how global governance embodies a particular vision of the common good at the expense of alternative perspectives. The book will appeal to students and scholars of global governance, international organizations and global policy studies.
Author : Jason Ralph
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2023-09-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781009385787
Offers a new theory of global learning to assess international society's capacities to deal with security, climate and health challenges.
Author : Barry Buzan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 521 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2023-08-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781009372152
Barry Buzan proposes a new approach to making International Relations a truly global discipline that transcends both Eurocentrism and comparative civilisations. He narrates the story of humankind as a whole across three eras, using its material conditions and social structures to show how global society has evolved. Deploying the English School's idea of primary institutions and setting their story across three domains - interpolity, transnational and interhuman - this book conveys a living historical sense of the human story whilst avoiding the overabstraction of many social science grand theories. Buzan sharpens the familiar story of three main eras in human history with the novel idea that these eras are separated by turbulent periods of transition. This device enables a radical retelling of how modernity emerged from the late 18th century. He shows how the concept of 'global society' can build bridges connecting International Relations, Global Historical Sociology and Global/World History.