Grammatical Variation Across Space And Time

Author : Martin Elsig
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027234834

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Grammatical Variation Across Space and Time by Martin Elsig Pdf

Interrogative clauses in French show abundant variation, especially with regard to the position of the subject vis-à-vis the finite verb, the placement of the wh-word, and the use of question markers such as est-ce que and ti/tu. This book presents a comprehensive study of the evolution and use of French interrogative constructions across a time span of approximately five hundred years by drawing on written sources (15th to 17th century) and oral data (19th and 20th century). Special attention is paid to the regional variation between European French and Quebec French. A variationist analysis reveals the relevant sociolinguistic factors conditioning variant choice. On the basis of the results obtained, the syntax of the different variants is modeled within the framework of generative grammar. In particular, the progressive diachronic decline and restriction of subject-verb inversion is argued to mirror the loss of verb movement. This book is of interest to anyone concerned with syntactic variation and change.

Author : Terttu Nevalainen,Irma Taavitsainen,Päivi Pahta,Minna Korhonen
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2008-12-03
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027290380

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The Dynamics of Linguistic Variation by Terttu Nevalainen,Irma Taavitsainen,Päivi Pahta,Minna Korhonen Pdf

Variability is characteristic of any living language. This volume approaches the ‘life cycle’ of linguistic variability in English using data sources that range from electronic corpora to the internet. In the spirit of the 1968 Weinreich, Labov and Herzog classic, the fifteen contributions divide into three sections, each highlighting different stages in the dynamics of English across time and space. They show, first, how increase in variability can be initiated by processes that give rise to new patterns of discourse, which can ultimately crystallize into new grammatical elements. The next phase is the spread of linguistic features and patterns of discourse, both new and well established, through the social and regional varieties of English. The final phase in this ebb and flow of linguistic variability consists of processes promoting some variable features over others across registers and regional and social varieties, thus resulting in reduced variation and increased linguistic homogeneity.

Author : Anna Čermáková,Markéta Malá
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-07
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110602401

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Variation in Time and Space by Anna Čermáková,Markéta Malá Pdf

Variation in Time and Space: Observing the World through Corpora is a collection of articles that address the theme of linguistic variation in English in its broadest sense. Current research in English language presented in the book explores a fascinating number of topics, whose unifying element is the corpus linguistic methodology. Part I of this volume, Meaning in Time and Space, introduces the two dimensions of variation – time and space – relating them to the negotiation of meaning in discourse and questions of intertextuality. Part II, Variation in Time, approaches the English language from a diachronic point of view; the time periods covered vary considerably, ranging from 16th century up to present-day; so do the genres explored. Part III, Variation in Space, focuses on global varieties of English and includes a contrastive point of view. The range of topics is again broad – from specific lexico-grammatical structures to the variation in academic English, combining the regional and genre dimensions of variation. This is a timely volume that shows the breadth and depth in current corpus-based research of English.

Author : Anna Čermáková,Markéta Malá
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 411 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2020-12-07
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110604719

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Variation in Time and Space by Anna Čermáková,Markéta Malá Pdf

Variation in Time and Space: Observing the World through Corpora is a collection of articles that address the theme of linguistic variation in English in its broadest sense. Current research in English language presented in the book explores a fascinating number of topics, whose unifying element is the corpus linguistic methodology. Part I of this volume, Meaning in Time and Space, introduces the two dimensions of variation – time and space – relating them to the negotiation of meaning in discourse and questions of intertextuality. Part II, Variation in Time, approaches the English language from a diachronic point of view; the time periods covered vary considerably, ranging from 16th century up to present-day; so do the genres explored. Part III, Variation in Space, focuses on global varieties of English and includes a contrastive point of view. The range of topics is again broad – from specific lexico-grammatical structures to the variation in academic English, combining the regional and genre dimensions of variation. This is a timely volume that shows the breadth and depth in current corpus-based research of English.

Author : William Labov
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Language and languages
ISBN : UCAL:B4396578

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Locating Language in Time and Space by William Labov Pdf

Author : Paula Rautionaho,Hanna Parviainen,Mark Kaunisto,Arja Nurmi
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2022-09-30
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781000653977

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Social and Regional Variation in World Englishes by Paula Rautionaho,Hanna Parviainen,Mark Kaunisto,Arja Nurmi Pdf

This collection charts the evolution of grammatical variation in Englishes from Late Middle English to the present, using corpus linguistic tools to address divergence and convergence in local and global perspectives. The book considers both diachronic and synchronic perspectives in grammatical variation across varieties of English across the UK, North America, Europe, Africa, and Asia. The volume reflects on the questions of whether patterns of variation diverge or converge and to what extent catalysts for change are shared in time and space. Chapters look at different factors in grammatical variation at both the macro and micro level, investigating specific linguistic and grammatical features but also at wider phenomena in contact linguistics, social patterns, social networks, and media-based corpora. Chapters progress from the local to the global, all with an eye towards using the latest methodological approaches from corpus linguistics to shed light on the affordances of data-informed methods to study grammatical change and the possibilities for future research. This book will be of interest to students and scholars in sociolinguistics, corpus linguistics, and World Englishes.

Author : Jerold A. Edmondson,Crawford Feagin,Peter Mühlhäusler
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 768 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : UOM:39015019813966

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Development and Diversity by Jerold A. Edmondson,Crawford Feagin,Peter Mühlhäusler Pdf

Author : Andreas Dufter,Jürg Fleischer,Guido Seiler
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 419 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2009-07-14
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110216097

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Describing and Modeling Variation in Grammar by Andreas Dufter,Jürg Fleischer,Guido Seiler Pdf

While variation within individual languages has traditionally been focused upon in sociolinguistics, its relevance for grammatical theory has only recently been acknowledged. On the methodological side, there is an ongoing competition between large-scale statistical analyses and investigations that rely more heavily on introspection and elicited grammaticality judgements. The aim of this volume is to bridge the 'cultural gap' between empirical-variationist and formal-theoretical approaches in linguistics. The volume offers case studies that seek to combine corpus-based and competence-based approaches to the description of variation. In doing so, it opens up new avenues for locating and analyzing variability, both at the level of the individual speaker and between speakers of different dialects and generations. The contributions document the plurality of current research into models of grammatical competence that live up to the challenge of variationist data. More specifically, parameter-based (e.g. Minimalist), constraint-based (e.g. Optimality Theoretic), and usage-based (e.g. Construction Grammar) approaches to variation are discussed. The volume therefore is of interest to a broad public within linguistics, including syntacticians of different theoretical persuasion, morphologists and sociolinguists. While a majority of contributions addresses facets of variation in English and German, the volume also includes variationist studies written by specialists of French, Dutch, Icelandic, and Uralic.

Author : Günter Rohdenburg,Britta Mondorf
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 573 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2011-08-02
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110900019

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Determinants of Grammatical Variation in English by Günter Rohdenburg,Britta Mondorf Pdf

What factors influence the choice between alternative grammatical structures such as the following: a lit / a lighted cigarette, more full / fuller of convincing arguments, the main thesis of the book / the book's main thesis, take hostage a group of 15 holiday makers / take a group of 15 holidaymakers hostage, conceding that the argument is convincing / conceding the argument to be convincing? This is the central issue explored in this volume, which contains a unique selection of innovative in-depth empirical studies written in a broadly functional framework. The factors investigated include the following: phonological influences (such as the principle of rhythmic alternation and optimal syllable structure), frequency, pervasive semantic and pragmatic aspects (including iconicity, markedness, grammaticalization and typological tendencies), information structure, processing complexity and horror aequi (the avoidance of identity effects).

Author : Andreas Dufter,Elisabeth Stark
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 977 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2017-09-25
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110377088

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Manual of Romance Morphosyntax and Syntax by Andreas Dufter,Elisabeth Stark Pdf

This volume offers theoretically informed surveys of topics that have figured prominently in morphosyntactic and syntactic research into Romance languages and dialects. We define syntax as being the linguistic component that assembles linguistic units, such as roots or functional morphemes, into grammatical sentences, and morphosyntax as being an umbrella term for all morphological relations between these linguistic units, which either trigger morphological marking (e.g. explicit case morphemes) or are related to ordering issues (e.g. subjects precede finite verbs whenever there is number agreement between them). All 24 chapters adopt a comparative perspective on these two fields of research, highlighting cross-linguistic grammatical similarities and differences within the Romance language family. In addition, many chapters address issues related to variation observable within individual Romance languages, and grammatical change from Latin to Romance.

Author : Roberta Pires De Oliveira,Ina Emmel,Sandra Quarezemin
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2020-05-08
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027261205

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Brazilian Portuguese, Syntax and Semantics by Roberta Pires De Oliveira,Ina Emmel,Sandra Quarezemin Pdf

This book opens with Angelika Kratzer and Luigi Rizzi talking about contemporary issues, such as non-recursiveness of focus and the semantics of topics. The chapters climb down the spine from the left periphery to DP: the value of subjunctive across the history of German, expressive expressions in Brazilian Portuguese, left and right dislocation and the speaker’s perspective in Italian, Brazilian double subjects and left dislocated topic, long versus short wh-movement in Brazilian Portuguese and Quebec French, low adverbs and the raising of the verb in Brazilian Portuguese, ellipsis and null objects in Brazilian and European Portuguese, and bare singulars in Brazilian Portuguese. The chapters propose original accounts for language variation and historical changes, most of them focusing on Brazilian Portuguese, a challenge to syntax and semantics. Thus, the volume contributes to Brazilian and Portuguese Linguistics, as well as to general and contemporary research on syntax and semantics of natural languages.

Author : Paul Boucher
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2018-04-03
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9789027264183

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A Linguistic Handbook of French for Translators and Language Students by Paul Boucher Pdf

A Linguistic Handbook of French for Translators and Language Students offers the reader an in-depth contrastive study of French and English based on recent theories of linguistics and discourse analysis. At the same time it is a practical manual for the advanced language student or the translator with dozens of exercises in analyzing and translating French along with detailed corrections. Organized in three sections – Structure, Perspective and Coherence – the handbook first explores French word formation and syntax, then moves on to the use of tense and aspect, illocution and speech styles in various text types. Finally, problems concerning textual coherence and cohesion in both languages are discussed: anaphora and ellipsis, relevance and equivalence and information structure. Each chapter is followed by a list of suggested readings for further discussion and a detailed glossary at the end of the book explains all technical terms used. The handbook is designed to be used either as a textbook or for individuals working at home.

Author : Carsten Breul,Edward Göbbel
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2010-09-09
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027287847

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Comparative and Contrastive Studies of Information Structure by Carsten Breul,Edward Göbbel Pdf

This volume presents original comparative and contrastive research into various aspects of information structure (topic, focus, contrastivity, givenness, anaphoricity) as well as into forms and structures whose realisation depends on information-structural factors (clefts, dislocations, reflexives, null subjects, prosodic features, interrogatives) in a number of different languages (Catalan, English, French, Georgian, German, Hebrew, Hungarian). Each contribution emphasises differences or commonalities between the languages under investigation with respect to the realisation of information structural categories or with respect to the information structural implications of a given form or structure. The specific comparative-contrastive perspective of the volume makes a substantial contribution towards a better understanding of language specific and universal aspects of information structure. It raises significant questions and provides solutions for the formal representation and the functional properties of information structural categories.

Author : Sali A. Tagliamonte
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2006-05-11
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781139451321

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Analysing Sociolinguistic Variation by Sali A. Tagliamonte Pdf

The study of how language varies in social context, and how it can be analyzed and accounted for, are the key goals of sociolinguistics. Until now, however, the actual tools and methods have been largely passed on through 'word of mouth', rather than being formally documented. This is the first comprehensive 'how to' guide to the formal analysis of sociolinguistic variation. It shows step-by-step how the analysis is carried out, leading the reader through every stage of a research project from start to finish. Topics covered include fieldwork, data organization and management, analysis and interpretation, presenting research results, and writing up a paper. Practical and informal, the book contains all the information needed to conduct a fully-fledged sociolinguistic investigation, and includes exercises, checklists, references and insider tips. It is set to become an essential resource for students, researchers and fieldworkers embarking on research projects in sociolinguistics.

Author : Kersti Börjars,Kate Burridge
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 359 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2019-01-08
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780429662812

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Introducing English Grammar by Kersti Börjars,Kate Burridge Pdf

Introducing English Grammar introduces readers to the methodology and terminology needed to analyse English sentences. The approach taken is in line with current research in grammar, a particular advantage for students who may go on to study syntax in more depth. All the examples and exercises use real language taken from both standard and non-standard geographical areas and dialects, and include excerpts from Australian and British newspaper articles. Students are encouraged to think about the terminology as a tool kit for studying language and to test what can and cannot be described using these tools. This new edition has been fully updated and features: an expanded introduction; new texts and exercises that include data from social media; revised material on 'Grammar at work' and 'English worldwide'; more suggestions for further reading at the end of the book; updated online resources with extensive further reading and answers to the exercises, which can be found at https://www.routledge.com/9781138635319. Written for readers with no previous experience of grammatical analysis, Introducing English Grammar is suited to anyone beginning a study of linguistics, English language or speech pathology, as well as to students whose interests are primarily literary but who need a better understanding of the structure of English.