Greek American Relations From Monroe To Truman

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Greek-American Relations from Monroe to Truman

Author : Angelo Repousis
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Greece
ISBN : 160635177X

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Greek-American Relations from Monroe to Truman by Angelo Repousis Pdf

The pre-Cold War motives of American intervention in Greece Most studies of U.S. relations with Greece focus on the Cold War period, beginning with the enunciation of the Truman Doctrine in 1947. There is little substance in the extant literature about American policy toward or interaction with Greece prior to World War II. This overlooks the important intersections between the two countries and their peoples that predated the Second World War. U.S. interest in Greece and its people has been long-standing, albeit primarily on an informal or unofficial level. Author Angelo Repousis explores a variety of resonant themes in the field of U.S. foreign relations, including the role of nongovernment individuals and groups in influencing foreign policymaking, the way cultural influences transfer across societies (in this particular case the role of philhellenism), and how public opinion shapes policy--or not. Repousis chronicles American public attitudes and government policies toward modern Greece from its war for independence (1821-1829) to the Truman Doctrine (1947) when Washington intervened to keep Greece from coming under communist domination. Until then, although the U.S. government was not actively in support of Greek efforts, American philhellenes had supported the attempt to achieve and protect Greek independence. They saw modern Greece as the embodiment of the virtues of its classical counterpart (human dignity, freedom of thought, knowledge, love of beauty and the arts, republicanism, etc.) and worked diligently, albeit not always successfully, to push U.S. policymakers toward greater official interest in and concern for Greece. Pre-Cold War American intervention in Greek affairs was motivated in part by a perceived association among American and Greek political cultures. Indebted to ancient Greece for their democratic institutions, philhellenes believed they had an obligation to impart the blessings of free and liberal institutions to Greece, a land where those ideals had first been conceived.

The Truman Doctrine of Aid to Greece

Author : Eugene T. Rossides
Publisher : American Hellenic Institute
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : WISC:89083435685

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The Truman Doctrine of Aid to Greece by Eugene T. Rossides Pdf

The collection of essays discusses the background to President Truman's decision and its impact and legacy, recreating the atmosphere of post World War II containment issues and debates. The publication also looks forward by examining the current balance of power in the Mediterranean and its implications for United States policy toward this area. HIS051000

American and Muslim Worlds before 1900

Author : John Ghazvinian,Arthur Mitchell Fraas
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2020-02-06
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781350109520

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American and Muslim Worlds before 1900 by John Ghazvinian,Arthur Mitchell Fraas Pdf

American and Muslim Worlds before 1900 challenges the prevailing assumption that when we talk about "American and Muslim worlds", we are talking about two conflicting entities that came into contact with each other in the 20th century. Instead, this book shows there is a long and deep seam of history between the two which provides an important context for contemporary events -- and is also important in its own right. Some of the earliest American Muslims were the African slaves working in the plantations of the Carolinas and Latin America. Thomas Jefferson, a slaveholder himself, was frequently called an "infidel" and suspected of hidden Muslim sympathies by his opponents. Whether it was the sale of American commodities in Central Asia, Ottoman consuls in Washington, orientalist themes in American fiction, the uprisings of enslaved Muslims in Brazil, or the travels of American missionaries in the Middle East, there was no shortage of opportunities for Muslims and inhabitants of the Americas to meet, interact and shape one another from an early period.

Missionary Diplomacy

Author : Emily Conroy-Krutz
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2024-03-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781501774003

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Missionary Diplomacy by Emily Conroy-Krutz Pdf

Missionary Diplomacy illuminates the crucial place of religion in nineteenth-century American diplomacy. From the 1810s through the 1920s, Protestant missionaries positioned themselves as key experts in the development of American relations in Asia, Africa, the Pacific, and the Middle East. Missionaries served as consuls, translators, and occasional trouble-makers who forced the State Department to take actions it otherwise would have avoided. Yet as decades passed, more Americans began to question the propriety of missionaries' power. Were missionaries serving the interests of American diplomacy? Or were they creating unnecessary problems? As Emily Conroy-Krutz demonstrates, they were doing both. Across the century, missionaries forced the government to articulate new conceptions of the rights of US citizens abroad and of the role of the US as an engine of humanitarianism and religious freedom. By the time the US entered the first world war, missionary diplomacy had for nearly a century created the conditions for some Americans to embrace a vision of their country as an internationally engaged world power. Missionary Diplomacy exposes the longstanding influence of evangelical missions on the shape of American foreign relations.

American Apostles

Author : Christine Leigh Heyrman
Publisher : Hill and Wang
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2015-09-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780809023998

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American Apostles by Christine Leigh Heyrman Pdf

The surprising tale of the first American Protestant missionaries to proselytize in the Muslim world In American Apostles, the Bancroft Prize-winning historian Christine Leigh Heyrman brilliantly chronicles the first fateful collision between American missionaries and the diverse religious cultures of the Levant. Pliny Fisk, Levi Parsons, Jonas King: though virtually unknown today, these three young New Englanders commanded attention across the United States two hundred years ago. Poor boys steeped in the biblical prophecies of evangelical Protestantism, they became the founding members of the Palestine mission and ventured to Ottoman Turkey, Egypt, and Syria, where they sought to expose the falsity of Muhammad's creed and to restore these bastions of Islam to true Christianity. Not only among the first Americans to travel throughout the Middle East, the Palestine missionaries also played a crucial role in shaping their compatriots' understanding of the Muslim world. As Heyrman shows, the missionaries thrilled their American readers with tales of crossing the Sinai on camel, sailing a canal boat up the Nile, and exploring the ancient city of Jerusalem. But their private journals and letters often tell a story far removed from the tales they spun for home consumption, revealing that their missions did not go according to plan. Instead of converting the Middle East, the members of the Palestine mission themselves experienced unforeseen spiritual challenges as they debated with Muslims, Jews, and Eastern Christians and pursued an elusive Bostonian convert to Islam. As events confounded their expectations, some of the missionaries developed a cosmopolitan curiosity about-even an appreciation of-Islam. But others devised images of Muslims for their American audiences that would both fuel the first wave of Islamophobia in the United States and forge the future character of evangelical Protestantism itself. American Apostles brings to life evangelicals' first encounters with the Middle East and uncovers their complicated legacy. The Palestine mission held the promise of acquainting Americans with a fuller and more accurate understanding of Islam, but ultimately it bolstered a more militant Christianity, one that became the unofficial creed of the United States over the course of the nineteenth century. The political and religious consequences of that outcome endure to this day.

A New Kind of War

Author : Howard Jones
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 705 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780195354294

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A New Kind of War by Howard Jones Pdf

America's experience in Greece has often been cited as a model by those later policymakers in Washington who regard the involvement as a victory for American foreign policy. Indeed, President Johnson and others referred to Greece as the model for America's deepening involvement in Vietnam during the mid-1960's. Greece became the battlefield for a new kind of war--one that included the use of guerrilla warfare, propaganda, war in the shadows, terror tactics and victory based on outlasting the enemy. It was also a test before the world of America's resolve to protect the principle of self-determination. Jones argues that American policy towards Greece was the focal point in the development of a global strategy designed to combat totalitarianism. He also argues that had the White House and others drawn the real lessons from the intervention in Greece, the decisions regarding Vietnam might have been more carefully thought out.

Sacred Interests

Author : Karine V. Walther
Publisher : UNC Press Books
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2015-09-21
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781469625409

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Sacred Interests by Karine V. Walther Pdf

Throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, as Americans increasingly came into contact with the Islamic world, U.S. diplomatic, cultural, political, and religious beliefs about Islam began to shape their responses to world events. In Sacred Interests, Karine V. Walther excavates the deep history of American Islamophobia, showing how negative perceptions of Islam and Muslims shaped U.S. foreign relations from the Early Republic to the end of World War I. Beginning with the Greek War of Independence in 1821, Walther illuminates reactions to and involvement in the breakup of the Ottoman Empire, the efforts to protect Jews from Muslim authorities in Morocco, American colonial policies in the Philippines, and American attempts to aid Christians during the Armenian Genocide. Walther examines the American role in the peace negotiations after World War I, support for the Balfour Declaration, and the establishment of the mandate system in the Middle East. The result is a vital exploration of the crucial role the United States played in the Islamic world during the long nineteenth century--an interaction that shaped a historical legacy that remains with us today.

The Monroe Doctrine and the Greek Revolution

Author : Aristotle Tziampiris
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 173 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2023-07-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783031297045

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The Monroe Doctrine and the Greek Revolution by Aristotle Tziampiris Pdf

This book attempts to explain why despite widespread popular support (the “Greek Fire”) in the United States of America for the Greek Revolution, the promulgation in 1823 of the Monroe Doctrine led to Washington D.C.’s non-recognition of the Hellenic efforts. It examines the origins and tradition of the diplomatic doctrine of neutrality and argues that the Monroe Doctrine represents its full realization. The new foreign policy doctrine is placed within its proper diplomatic framework, while the role of Secretary of State John Quincy Adams is highlighted. What remains remarkable, is how high on the U.S. policy agenda the Greek War of Independence was and how close it came to being politically vindicated. The epilogue of this book demonstrates based on specific historical episodes, that the “Greek Fire” and the Monroe Doctrine set in many ways the political framework that came to define Hellenic-American relations for almost the next two centuries.

The Monroe Doctrine and the Greek Revolution

Author : Aristotle Tziampiris
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2023-09-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 3031297032

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The Monroe Doctrine and the Greek Revolution by Aristotle Tziampiris Pdf

This book attempts to explain why despite widespread popular support (the “Greek Fire”) in the United States of America for the Greek Revolution, the promulgation in 1823 of the Monroe Doctrine led to Washington D.C.’s non-recognition of the Hellenic efforts. It examines the origins and tradition of the diplomatic doctrine of neutrality and argues that the Monroe Doctrine represents its full realization. The new foreign policy doctrine is placed within its proper diplomatic framework, while the role of Secretary of State John Quincy Adams is highlighted. What remains remarkable, is how high on the U.S. policy agenda the Greek War of Independence was and how close it came to being politically vindicated. The epilogue of this book demonstrates based on specific historical episodes, that the “Greek Fire” and the Monroe Doctrine set in many ways the political framework that came to define Hellenic-American relations for almost the next two centuries.

The First Black Archaeologist

Author : John W. I. Lee
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2022-01-03
Category : History
ISBN : 9780197578995

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The First Black Archaeologist by John W. I. Lee Pdf

This is a biography of John Wesley Gilbert, a man famous as 'the first black archaeologist.' The text uses previously unstudied sources to reveal the triumphs and challenges of an overlooked pioneer in American archaeology.

From Byron to Bin Laden

Author : Nir Arielli
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2018-01-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674979567

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From Byron to Bin Laden by Nir Arielli Pdf

What makes people fight for countries other than their own? Nir Arielli offers a wide-ranging history of foreign-war volunteers, from the French Revolution to Syria. Challenging notions of foreign fighters as a security problem, Arielli explores motivations, ideology, gender, international law, military significance, and the memory of war.

Ambiguous Commitments and Uncertain Policies

Author : Judith S. Jeffery
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : History
ISBN : 0739100467

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Ambiguous Commitments and Uncertain Policies by Judith S. Jeffery Pdf

Ambiguous Commitments and Uncertain Policies offers a reassessment of the Truman Doctrine. In this insightful, thorough, and carefully documented study, Judith Jeffery tests the truth of the claim that America's peacetime intervention in Greece was a model on which to base other such ventures. In March 1947, President Truman launched a program of U.S. aid to Greece. Truman saw in Greece, which had been shattered by World War II, not only a dire situation needing humanitarian aid, but also an opportunity to assert American authority in this early period of the Cold War: civil war waged by the Communist-backed guerrilla movement against the government was threatening to further destroy the country. The president and his administration thus dispatched American troops with the directive to destroy the Communist forces. The defeat of the Communists in 1949 was hailed as a great U.S. military achievement. Did this achievement come at the expense of the Truman Doctrine--which made explicit that the first priority of President Truman and his administration in defeating communism was to improve the standard of living in Greece? How do claims about the success of the aid program measure up against the original intentions of the Administration in mid-1947 and against the program's real outcome at the beginning of the 1950s? What was the real story behind the Greek Communist defeat? Jeffery's cogent analysis of events from 1947 to 1952 provides fodder for today's heavily contested debates about U.S. foreign policy and intervention.

Anglo-American Relations With Greece

Author : Robert Frazier
Publisher : Springer
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2016-01-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781349215522

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Anglo-American Relations With Greece by Robert Frazier Pdf

In this book, Zillah Eisenstein continues her indictment of neoliberal imperial politics. She charts its most recent militarist and masculinist configurations through discussions of the Afghan and Iraq wars, violations at Guantánamo and Abu Ghraib, the 2004 US Presidential election, and hurricane Katrina. She warns that women's rights rhetoric is being manipulated as a ploy for global dominance and a misogynistic capture of democratic discourse. However, Eisenstein also believes that the radically plural and diverse lives of women will lay the basis for an assault on these fascistic elements. This new politics will both confound and clarify feminisms, and reconfigure democracy for the globe.

Understanding U.S.-Latin American Relations

Author : Mark Eric Williams
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2012-05-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9781136645754

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Understanding U.S.-Latin American Relations by Mark Eric Williams Pdf

This book examines U.S.-Latin American relations from an historical, contemporary, and theoretical perspective. By drawing examples from the distant and more recent past—and interweaving history with theory—Williams illustrates the enduring principles of International Relations theory and provides students the conceptual tools required to make sense of inter-American relations. It is a masterful guide for how to organize facts, think systematically about issues, weigh competing explanations, and confidently draw your own conclusions regarding the past, present, and future of international politics in the region.

The Doctrines of US Security Policy

Author : Heiko Meiertöns
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2010-06-10
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781139489133

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The Doctrines of US Security Policy by Heiko Meiertöns Pdf

The practise of outlining principles for the conduct of US security policy in so-called doctrines is a characteristic feature of US foreign policy. From an international lawyer's point of view two aspects of these doctrines are of particular interest. First, to what degree are the criteria for the use of force, as laid down in these doctrines, consistent with the limitations for the use of force in international law? Second, which law-creating effects do these doctrines have? Furthermore, the legal nature of these doctrines remains uncertain. These matters are examined, beginning with the Monroe Doctrine of 1823 and taking into account the Stimson Doctrine of 1932, the doctrines of the Cold-War period and the Bush Doctrine of 2002. The Bush Doctrine in particular has generated controversies concerning its compatibility with Article 51 of the UN Charter, due to its principle of preventive self-defence.