Grounds For Respect

Author : Kristi Giselsson
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780739168943

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Grounds for Respect by Kristi Giselsson Pdf

In recent years traditional foundations of respect for others have been challenged on the basis that universal grounds -- the assumption that we share a common humanity -- have resulted in the exclusion of particular others from full moral consideration or respect. This current questioning of the concept of a common humanity is of enormous significance, in that universalism has been one of the central assumptions of modern western philosophy and a foundational key to its moral and political theory. This book attempts to address the question of just what grounds are needed in order to justify respect for others, and in addressing this question raises issues of fundamental importance; such as, what exactly does it mean to be human? On what basis can we claim that all humans are equal? Are there differences between animals and humans, and are these differences of moral significance -- that is, should animals be accorded the same respect as humans? The author not only critically assesses past and current arguments for and against a common humanity, but also provides a distinctively new conceptualization of what it might mean to be human -- and why being human is indeed morally significant.

Author : Stephen Darwall
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2009-09-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780674034624

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The Second-Person Standpoint by Stephen Darwall Pdf

Why should we avoid doing moral wrong? The inability of philosophy to answer this question in a compelling manner—along with the moral skepticism and ethical confusion that ensue—result, Stephen Darwall argues, from our failure to appreciate the essentially interpersonal character of moral obligation. After showing how attempts to vindicate morality have tended to change the subject—falling back on non-moral values or practical, first-person considerations—Darwall elaborates the interpersonal nature of moral obligations: their inherent link to our responsibilities to one another as members of the moral community. As Darwall defines it, the concept of moral obligation has an irreducibly second-person aspect; it presupposes our authority to make claims and demands on one another. And so too do many other central notions, including those of rights, the dignity of and respect for persons, and the very concept of person itself. The result is nothing less than a fundamental reorientation of moral theory that enables it at last to account for morality’s supreme authority—an account that Darwall carries from the realm of theory to the practical world of second-person attitudes, emotions, and actions.

Author : Bennett W. Helm
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2017-07-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192522030

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Communities of Respect by Bennett W. Helm Pdf

Communities of respect are communities of people sharing common practices or a (partial) way of life; they include families, clubs, religious groups, and political parties. This book develops a detailed account of such communities in terms of the rational structure of their members' reactive attitudes: emotions like resentment, gratitude, guilt, approbation, and indignation, whereby people hold each other responsible to certain norms. Helm argues that these communities are fundamental in three interrelated ways to understanding what it is to be a person. First, it is only by being a member of a community of respect that one can be a responsible agent having dignity; such an agent therefore has certain rights as well as the authority to demand that fellow members recognize her dignity and follow the norms of the community, compliance with which norms they likewise have the authority to demand from her. Second, by prescribing or proscribing both actions and values, communities of respect can shape the identities of their members in ways that others have the authority to enforce, thereby revealing an important interpersonal dimension of the identities of persons. Finally, all of this is grounded in a distinctively interpersonal form of practical rationality in virtue of which we jointly have reasons to recognize the dignity and authority of fellow members and so to comply with their authoritative demands, as well as to respect (and so comply with) the norms of the community. Hence we persons are essentially social creatures.

Author : Amartya Sen
Publisher : Open Book Publishers
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781906924393

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Peace and Democratic Society by Amartya Sen Pdf

Civil Paths to Peace contains the analyses and findings of the Commonwealth Commission on Respect and Understanding, established in response to the 2005 request of Commonwealth Head of Government for the Commonwealth Secretary-General to 'explore initiatives to promote mutual understanding and respect among all faiths and communities in the Commonwealth.' This report focuses particularly on the issues of terrorism, extremism, conflict and violence, which are much in ascendancy and afflict Commonwealth countries as well as the rest of the world. It argues that cultivating respect and understanding is both important in itself and consequential in reducing violence and terrorism. It further argues that cultivated violence is generated through fomenting disrespect and fostering confrontational misunderstandings. The report looks at the mechanisms through which violence is cultivated through advocacy and recruitment, and the pre-existing inequalities, deprivations and humiliations on which those advocacies draw. These diagnoses also clear the way for methods of countering disaffection and violence. In various chapters the different connections are explored and examined to yield general policy recommendations. Accepting diversity, respecting all human beings, and understanding the richness of perspectives that people have are of great relevance for all Commonwealth countries, and for its 1.8 billion people. They are also importance for the rest of the world. The civil paths to peace are presented here for use both inside the Commonwealth and beyond its boundaries. The Commonwealth has survived and flourished, despite the hostilities associated with past colonial history, through the use of a number of far-sighted guiding principles. The Commission argues that those principles have continuing relevance today for the future of the Commonwealth--and also for the world at large.

Author : Mark Timmons,Robert Neal Johnson
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199699575

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Reason, Value, and Respect by Mark Timmons,Robert Neal Johnson Pdf

In 13 specially written essays, leading philosophers explore Kantian themes in moral and political philosophy that are prominent in the work of Thomas E. Hill, Jr., such as respect and self-respect, practical reason, conscience, and duty. In conclusion Hill offers an overview of his work and responses to the preceding essays.

Author : Paul W. Taylor
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2011-04-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781400838530

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Respect for Nature by Paul W. Taylor Pdf

What rational justification is there for conceiving of all living things as possessing inherent worth? In Respect for Nature, Paul Taylor draws on biology, moral philosophy, and environmental science to defend a biocentric environmental ethic in which all life has value. Without making claims for the moral rights of plants and animals, he offers a reasoned alternative to the prevailing anthropocentric view--that the natural environment and its wildlife are valued only as objects for human use or enjoyment. Respect for Nature provides both a full account of the biological conditions for life--human or otherwise--and a comprehensive view of the complex relationship between human beings and the whole of nature. This classic book remains a valuable resource for philosophers, biologists, and environmentalists alike--along with all those who care about the future of life on Earth. A new foreword by Dale Jamieson looks at how the original 1986 edition of Respect for Nature has shaped the study of environmental ethics, and shows why the work remains relevant to debates today.

Author : Austen Garwood-Gowers
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2019-07-19
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781317064893

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Medical Use of Human Beings by Austen Garwood-Gowers Pdf

Whilst activities like transplantation and medical research have typically been considered on a discrete basis, they are also actually part of a broader phenomenon of medical means being employed to make use of human beings. This book is the first ever systematic critique of such medical use of the human being as a whole. It is divided into two parts. The first part considers what constitutes an appropriate normative lens through which to view such medical use and its constraint. It makes a reasoned ethical and human-rights-based case for preferring respect for human worth over any of the main alternative approaches that have been drawn on in specific contexts and outlines what this preference practically implies. The second part uses this respect-based lens to critique use discourse, law and practice. Drawing on three contrasting case study areas of warfare-related medical use, transplantation and human tissue research, this book exposes both the context-specific and thematic nature of shortfalls in respect. Overall this book provides a compelling analysis of how medical use ought to be constrained and a compelling critique of the excesses of discourse, practice and governance. It is recommended to academics, students, policymakers and professionals whose work is focused on or intersects with the medical sector and anyone else with an interest in medicine and its limits.

Author : Giovanni Giorgini,Elena Irrera
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2017-04-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783110526288

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The Roots of Respect by Giovanni Giorgini,Elena Irrera Pdf

Despite the increasing concern for the issue of respect for persons displayed over the last decades by political philosophers, human-right thinkers, social and ethical theorists, a comprehensive treatment of the problem at stake from a historical-philosophical perspective is conspicuously absent. The present collection of essays aims to contribute to the fulfillment of this gap by offering a reconstruction of the seminal passages in the history of philosophy which testify to the evolution of the idea of respect for persons and the rich array of conceptual specifications that such an idea acquires across the centuries. By analysis of pivotal texts of ancient and modern contemporary philosophy, the volume will try to offer an articulated account of respect which, starting from its primeval connection with the search for esteem and the pursuit of human excellence, gradually evolves towards the recognition of the political status of each citizen and culminates into a true politics of human rights. Bringing together the expertise of classicists and scholars specialized in modern and contemporary philosophy, the volume is especially intended for scholars working in the fields of the history of philosophy, ethical and political theory.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : UNESCO
Page : 47 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2024-07-04
Category : Bioethics
ISBN : 9789230011116

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The Principle of Respect for Human Vulnerability and Personal Integrity: Report of the International Bioethics Committee of UNESCO (IBC) by Anonim Pdf

Author : Henk ten Have,Maria do Céu Patrão Neves
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 1063 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2021-05-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030541613

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Dictionary of Global Bioethics by Henk ten Have,Maria do Céu Patrão Neves Pdf

This Dictionary presents a broad range of topics relevant in present-day global bioethics. With more than 500 entries, this dictionary covers organizations working in the field of global bioethics, international documents concerning bioethics, personalities that have played a role in the development of global bioethics, as well as specific topics in the field.The book is not only useful for students and professionals in global health activities, but can also serve as a basic tool that explains relevant ethical notions and terms. The dictionary furthers the ideals of cosmopolitanism: solidarity, equality, respect for difference and concern with what human beings- and specifically patients - have in common, regardless of their backgrounds, hometowns, religions, gender, etc. Global problems such as pandemic diseases, disasters, lack of care and medication, homelessness and displacement call for global responses.This book demonstrates that a moral vision of global health is necessary and it helps to quickly understand the basic ideas of global bioethics.

Author : Bamgbose, Olatokunbo John
Publisher : Safari Books Ltd
Page : 1080 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2017-08-16
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789788431732

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The Digest of Judgments of the Supreme Court of Nigeria by Bamgbose, Olatokunbo John Pdf

The Digest of Judgments of the Supreme Court of Nigeria (DJSCN), is a legal practice book, which is a comprehensive compendium of Nigerian case law at the apex level of the Nigerian Judiciary. The DJSCN, is produced in four volumes which comprise the judgments of the Supreme Court of Nigeria for over a period of forty-three years. The first and second volumes cover the judgments of the Supreme Court on Practice and Procedure, Courts, Criminal Law and Procedure and Evidence. The last two volumes cover contemporary issues in different branches of law.

Author : Immanuel Kant
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2008-10-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780300128154

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Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals by Immanuel Kant Pdf

Immanuel Kant’s Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals is one of the most important texts in the history of ethics. In it Kant searches for the supreme principle of morality and argues for a conception of the moral life that has made this work a continuing source of controversy and an object of reinterpretation for over two centuries. This new edition of Kant’s work provides a fresh translation that is uniquely faithful to the German original and more fully annotated than any previous translation. There are also four essays by well-known scholars that discuss Kant’s views and the philosophical issues raised by the Groundwork. J.B. Schneewind defends the continuing interest in Kantian ethics by examining its historical relation both to the ethical thought that preceded it and to its influence on the ethical theories that came after it; Marcia Baron sheds light on Kant’s famous views about moral motivation; and Shelly Kagan and Allen W. Wood advocate contrasting interpretations of Kantian ethics and its practical implications.

Author : Joseph Raz
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2001-08-16
Category : Law
ISBN : 052100022X

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Value, Respect, and Attachment by Joseph Raz Pdf

The value of staying alive

Author : United States. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1977
Category : Children
ISBN : UOM:39015004345818

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Research Involving Children by United States. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research Pdf

Author : Ferdinand David Schoeman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1984-11-30
Category : Law
ISBN : 0521275547

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Philosophical Dimensions of Privacy by Ferdinand David Schoeman Pdf

This collection of essays makes readily accessible many of the most significant and influential discussions of privacy.