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Author : Stephen S. D. Foster,Adrian Lawrence,Brian Morris Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 76 pages File Size : 48,5 Mb Release : 1998 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 0821340727
Groundwater in Urban Development by Stephen S. D. Foster,Adrian Lawrence,Brian Morris Pdf
This paper highlights key urban groundwater issues and management needs. It also raises awareness and understanding of hydrogeological processes in urban areas and provides a framework for the proper and systematic consideration of groundwater dimensions in urban management. This paper suggests options for greater sustainable development and management of groundwater in urban areas.
Groundwater in Urban Development by Stephen Foster,Adrian Lawrence,Brian Morris Pdf
People have clustered at the water's edge throughout civilization for the most fundamental of reasons: without water there is no life. Every major city in the world has a body of water or aquifer nearby, since rivers and lakes predetermined where people would gather and dwell, groundwater constitutes about 98 percent of the fresh water on our planet (excepting that captured in the polar ice caps). This makes it fundamentally important to human life and to all economic activity. Groundwater resources in and around the urban centers of the developing world are exceptionally important as a source of relatively low-cost and generally high-quality municipal and domestic water supply. At the same time, the subsurface has come to serve as the receptor for much urban and industrial wastewater and for solid waste disposal. There are increasingly widespread indications of degradation in the quality and quantity of groundwater, serious or incipient, caused by excessive exploitation and/or inadequate pollution control. The scale and degree of degradation varies significantly with the susceptibility of local aquifers to exploitation-related deterioration and their vulnerability to pollution. Management strategies need to recognize and to address the complex linkages that exist between groundwater supplies, urban land use, and effluent disposal. Groundwater tables have become the focus of keen interest in recent years, as the supplies of water underlying urban areas have dwindled and deteriorated, threatening the millions of people who live above. When conditions are right, aquifers refill regularly from infiltrating rainfall and runoff, although sometimes with a substantial time lag. But those favorable conditions are severely altered when the ground above is overbuilt.
Effects of Urbanization on Groundwater by Environmental and Water Resources Institute (U.S.). Urbanization Effects on Groundwater Task Committee Pdf
What are the regional differences in stormwater and wastewater management technology approaches to urbanization? How can wetland'extent and function be incorporated as an integral part of urban infrastructure systems, including effects on groundwater level? The Effects of Urbanization on Groundwater: An Engineering Case-Based Approach to Sustainable Development addresses these and a number of other key questions involving all phases of impact from the interactions among energy, environment, ecology, and socioeconomic paradigms in human society. To promote the concept of sustainable management, this unique book presents and applies sustainable systems engineering technologies and states the challenges of and opportunities for science, technology, and policy related to sustainable management of water. This book is organized into four parts: water supply and pollution prevention; storm water management with regional infiltration technologies; wastewater treatment and disposal with nutrient removal; and low impact development with landscape architecture technologies. These thematic areas cover the aspects from the fundamental theory to physical, chemical, and biological processes to the coupled human and natural environment, and to the representation of simulated evolutionary pathways. The Effects of Urbanization on Groundwater: An Engineering Case-Based Approach to Sustainable Development is timely and makes a strong case for sustainable development and management. It will help expose just how sensitive key water quantity and quality management targets are to urban development.
Water and Urban Development Paradigms by Jan Feyen,Kelly Shannon,Matthew Neville Pdf
Communication across and integration of disciplines in the urban-water sector seems today more imperative than ever before. Water is a strategic and shrinking resource. It is probably the world's most valuable resource and clean water has even been touted as the 'next oil'. Control of water - from access to management - has always been a
Groundwater Management in Asian Cities by Satoshi Takizawa Pdf
In 2007, the world's urban population surpassed the number of people living in rural areas and is still growing. The number of city dwellers who do not have access to piped water and rely on groundwater is also increasing. In many Asian cities, groundwater is not only the source of domestic water but also an important resource for industrial development, making better management of groundwater resources essential for sustainable development. Because groundwater is easier to access and costs less than water from piped systems, groundwater abstraction cannot be easily regulated. Policies for groundwater management adopted in Japan and other Asian countries are compared, and technologies for efficient use of groundwater are elucidated. Groundwater contamination is also a serious problem that exacerbates water scarcity in Asian cities. Case studies illustrate the cause and consequences of naturally occurring contaminants such as arsenic and fluoride, and groundwater contamination due to anthropogenic contaminants is described. Also discussed are technologies for treating contaminated groundwater to reduce the health risks of drinking contaminated groundwater.
Urban Groundwater, Meeting the Challenge by Ken W.F. Howard Pdf
During the past three decades, urban groundwater has emerged as one of the world’s most pressing issues. Explosive population growth, most prevalent in cities, has placed an inordinate demand on groundwater supply, prompting concerns for its long-term sustainability at a time when the quality of available groundwater resources is being increasingly degraded by anthropogenic activity. Cities less reliant on groundwater for potable supply are equally obliged to manage subsurface water with cautious respect since rising groundwater levels can generate a myriad of problems such as unstable land slopes, flooded basements, tunnels and electrical utilities, and the release of polluted water to urban wetlands, springs and streams. Challenges in Urban Groundwater is premised on a growing recognition that most urban groundwater problems are not uniquely associated with any particular region or hydrogeological environment, and much can be learned by understanding the successes and failures of others. It showcases the best urban groundwater papers presented at the International Geological Congress held in Florence, Italy in 2004, and is supplemented by contributions solicited from other world experts active in urban groundwater research. Topics covered range from the urban water balance and rising groundwater levels to groundwater contamination and the role of aquifer modelling.
Groundwater Problems in Urban Areas by Institution of Civil Engineers (Great Britain) Pdf
Addresses the problems associated with the changing groundwater levels - frequent deterioration of water quality, reduced water abstraction, flooding or uplift of basements. This work provides a coverage of background information, data interpretation, details of the rising and falling groundwater levels, and possible engineering solutions.
Current Problems of Hydrogeology in Urban Areas, Urban Agglomerates and Industrial Centres by Ken W.F. Howard,Rauf G. Israfilov Pdf
Groundwater issues have generated worldwide concern in recent decades. The problems are numerous: too little groundwater, too much groundwater, groundwater contaminated by either saline water or a broad spectrum of industrial and domestic pollutants. Many urban groundwater problems are not unique to any one region, which is the thinking behind this book. Many of the case studies presented here have never before been described in English. Overall, the papers represent the work and experience of researchers and groundwater professionals who have worked on urban groundwater issues in developed and less-developed nations around the world. They reveal the magnitude and scope of the problem as well as identify future challenges, potential courses of action, and emerging technologies that offer hope for the future.
More than 50% of the world's population already live in cities, and the proportion is rising extremely rapidly towards developed country levels of more than 90%. Groundwater from wells is the major source of water supply for many of these cities, however, groundwater is polluted by the cities that overlie it and sewerage systems are oft
Urban Watersheds by Martin M. Kaufman,Daniel T. Rogers,Kent S. Murray Pdf
With the continuing increase in population, more people are sharing the finite resources of the urban watershed, resulting in new and increasingly complex interactions between humans and the environment. Environmental contamination is a chronic problem-and an expensive one. In urban areas, water and soil contamination poses a threat to public healt
Urban Water Cycle Processes and Interactions by Jiri Marsalek Pdf
Effective management of urban water should be based on a scientific understanding of the impact of human activity on both the urban hydrological cycle - including its processes and interactions - and the environment itself. Such anthropogenic impacts, which vary broadly in time and space, need to be quantified with respect to local climate, urban d
Water and Cities in Latin America by Ismael Aguilar-Barajas,Jürgen Mahlknecht,Jonathan Kaledin,Marianne Kjellén,Abel Mejía-Betancourt Pdf
Approximately 80 per cent of the population of Latin America is concentrated in urban centres. Pressure on water resources and water management in cities therefore provide major challenges. Despite the importance of the issues, there has been little systematic coverage of the topic in book form. This work fills a gap in the literature by providing both thematic overviews and case study chapters. It reviews key aspects of why water matters in cities and presents case studies on topics such as groundwater management, green growth and water services, inequalities in water supply, the financing of water services and flood management. Detailed examples are described from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico and Peru, and there is also a chapter comparing lessons which might be learnt from US cities. Contributing authors are drawn from both within and outside the region, including from the Inter-American Development Bank, OECD and World Bank to set the issues in a global context.
