Groupthink Versus High Quality Decision Making In International Relations

Author : Mark Schafer,Scott Crichlow
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2010-04-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780231520188

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Groupthink Versus High-Quality Decision Making in International Relations by Mark Schafer,Scott Crichlow Pdf

Are good and bad outcomes significantly affected by the decision-making process itself? Indeed they are, in that certain decision-making techniques and practices limit the ability of policymakers to achieve their goals and advance the national interest. The success of policy often turns on the quality of the decision-making process. Mark Schafer and Scott Crichlow identify the factors that contribute to good and bad policymaking, such as the personalities of political leaders, the structure of decision-making groups, and the nature of the exchange between participating individuals. Analyzing thirty-nine foreign-policy cases across nine administrations and incorporating both statistical analyses and case studies, including a detailed examination of the decision to invade Iraq in 2003, the authors pinpoint the factors that are likely to lead to successful or failed decision making, and they suggest ways to improve the process. Schafer and Crichlow show how the staffing of key offices and the structure of central decision-making bodies determine the path of an administration even before topics are introduced. Additionally, they link the psychological characteristics of leaders to the quality of their decision processing. There is no greater work available on understanding and improving the dynamics of contemporary decision making.

Author : Paul 't Hart,Eric Stern,Bengt Sundelius
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1997-04-14
Category : Education
ISBN : 0472066536

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Beyond Groupthink by Paul 't Hart,Eric Stern,Bengt Sundelius Pdf

DIVEffects of group dynamics on decision making /div

Author : Richard Ned Lebow
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2020-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781108843461

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Ethics and International Relations by Richard Ned Lebow Pdf

Lebow shows how and why foreign policies consistent with ethical norms are more likely to succeed, and those at odds with them to fail.

Author : R. Snyder,H. Bruck,B. Sapin,Valerie Hudson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2003-01-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780230107526

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Foreign Policy Decision-Making (Revisited) by R. Snyder,H. Bruck,B. Sapin,Valerie Hudson Pdf

This classic work has helped shape the field of international relations and especially influenced scholars interested in how foreign policy is made. At a time when conventional wisdom and traditional approaches are being questioned, and when there is increased interest in the importance of process, the insights of Snyder, Bruck and Sapin have continuing and increased relevance. Prescient in its focus on the effects on foreign policy of individuals and their preconceptions, organizations and their procedures, and cultures and their values, "Foreign Policy Decision-Making" is of continued relevance for anyone seeking to understand the ways foreign policy is made. Their seminal framework is here complemented by two new chapters examining its influence on generations of scholars, the current state of the field, and areas for future research.

Author : Christer Pursiainen,Tuomas Forsberg
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2021-10-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030798871

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The Psychology of Foreign Policy by Christer Pursiainen,Tuomas Forsberg Pdf

This book focuses on foreign policy decision-making from the viewpoint of psychology. Psychology is always present in human decision-making, constituted by its structural determinants but also playing its own agency-level constitutive and causal roles, and therefore it should be taken into account in any analysis of foreign policy decisions. The book analyses a wide variety of prominent psychological approaches, such as bounded rationality, prospect theory, belief systems, cognitive biases, emotions, personality theories and trust to the study of foreign policy, identifying their achievements and added value as well as their limitations from a comparative perspective. Understanding how leaders in world politics act requires us to consider recent advances in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics. As a whole, the book aims at better integrating various psychological theories into the study of international relations and foreign policy analysis, as partial explanations themselves but also as facets of more comprehensive theories. It also discusses practical lessons that the psychological approaches offer since ignoring psychology can be costly: decision-makers need to be able reflect on their own decision-making process as well as the perspectives of the others. Paying attention to the psychological factors in international relations is necessary for better understanding the microfoundations upon which such agency is based.

Author : Alex Mintz,Carly Wayne
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2016-01-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780804796774

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The Polythink Syndrome by Alex Mintz,Carly Wayne Pdf

Why do presidents and their advisors often make sub-optimal decisions on military intervention, escalation, de-escalation, and termination of conflicts? The leading concept of group dynamics, groupthink, offers one explanation: policy-making groups make sub-optimal decisions due to their desire for conformity and uniformity over dissent, leading to a failure to consider other relevant possibilities. But presidential advisory groups are often fragmented and divisive. This book therefore scrutinizes polythink, a group decision-making dynamic whereby different members in a decision-making unit espouse a plurality of opinions and divergent policy prescriptions, resulting in a disjointed decision-making process or even decision paralysis. The book analyzes eleven national security decisions, including the national security policy designed prior to the terrorist attacks of 9/11, the decisions to enter into and withdraw from Afghanistan and Iraq, the 2007 "surge" decision, the crisis over the Iranian nuclear program, the UN Security Council decision on the Syrian Civil War, the faltering Kerry Peace Process in the Middle East, and the U.S. decision on military operations against ISIS. Based on the analysis of these case studies, the authors address implications of the polythink phenomenon, including prescriptions for avoiding and/or overcoming it, and develop strategies and tools for what they call Productive Polythink. The authors also show the applicability of polythink to business, industry, and everyday decisions.

Author : Alex Mintz,Karl DeRouen Jr
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2010-02-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781139487221

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Understanding Foreign Policy Decision Making by Alex Mintz,Karl DeRouen Jr Pdf

Understanding Foreign Policy Decision Making presents a psychological approach to foreign policy decision making. This approach focuses on the decision process, dynamics, and outcome. The book includes a wealth of extended real-world case studies and examples that are woven into the text. The cases and examples, which are written in an accessible style, include decisions made by leaders of the United States, Israel, New Zealand, Cuba, Iceland, United Kingdom, and others. In addition to coverage of the rational model of decision making, levels of analysis of foreign policy decision making, and types of decisions, the book includes extensive material on alternatives to the rational choice model, the marketing and framing of decisions, cognitive biases, and domestic, cultural, and international influences on decision making in international affairs. Existing textbooks do not present such an approach to foreign policy decision making, international relations, American foreign policy, and comparative foreign policy.

Author : Irving Lester Janis
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015050213639

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Groupthink by Irving Lester Janis Pdf

Author : Klaus (Professor of International Relations Brummer, Catholic University of Eichstatt-Ingolstadt),Kai (Professor for International Politics Oppermann, Chemnitz University of Technology)
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2024-02
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9780192857453

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Foreign Policy Analysis by Klaus (Professor of International Relations Brummer, Catholic University of Eichstatt-Ingolstadt),Kai (Professor for International Politics Oppermann, Chemnitz University of Technology) Pdf

Author : Steven W. Hook,Christopher M. Jones
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 481 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2012-04-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781135967352

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Routledge Handbook of American Foreign Policy by Steven W. Hook,Christopher M. Jones Pdf

No nation has maintained such an immense stature in world politics as the United States has since the Cold War’s end. In the wake of the 9/11 attacks, prompting the global war on terrorism and the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan and Iraq, along with American economic and "soft power" primacy, there has been increased interest in and scrutiny of American foreign policy. The Routledge Handbook of American Foreign Policy brings together leading experts in the field to examine current trends in the way scholars study the history and theories of American conduct in the world, analysis of state and non-state actors and their tools in conducting policy, and the dynamics of a variety of pressing transnational challenges facing the United States. This volume provides a systematic overview of all aspects of American foreign policy and drives the agenda for further, cutting edge research. Contributors bring analytic depth and breadth to both the ways in which this subject is approached and the substance of policy formulation and process. The Handbook is an invaluable resource to students, researchers, scholars, and journalists trying to make sense of the broader debates in international relations.

Author : Laura Roselle,Joel T. Shelton,Sharon Spray
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429822582

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Research and Writing in International Relations by Laura Roselle,Joel T. Shelton,Sharon Spray Pdf

Research and Writing in International Relations, Third Edition, offers the step-by-step guidance and the essential resources needed to compose political science papers that go beyond description and into systematic and sophisticated inquiry. This book provides concise, easy-to-use advice to help students develop more advanced papers through step-by-step descriptions, examples, and resources for every stage of the paper writing process. The book focuses on areas where students often need guidance: understanding how international relations theory fits into research, finding a topic, developing a question, reviewing the literature, designing research, and last, writing the paper. Including current and detailed coverage on how to start research in the discipline’s major subfields, Research and Writing in International Relations gives students a classroom-tested approach that leads to better research and writing in introductory and advanced classes. New to the Third Edition: A new first chapter that gives an overview of the relationship between international relations theory and research in international relations, demonstrating how theoretical frameworks shape the concepts utilized, topics selected, and questions posed in international relations research. Revised topic chapters that include updates to the scholarly literature and data sources Revised descriptions of the areas of study that incorporate new research topics (like global inequality) Additional perspectives from international relations theory.

Author : Cristian Cantir,Juliet Kaarbo
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2016-04-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317226444

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Domestic Role Contestation, Foreign Policy, and International Relations by Cristian Cantir,Juliet Kaarbo Pdf

Despite the increase in the number of studies in international relations using concepts from a role theory perspective, scholarship continues to assume that a state’s own expectations of what role it should play on the world stage is shared among domestic political actors. Cristian Cantir and Juliet Kaarbo have gathered a leading team of internationally distinguished international relations scholars to draw on decades of research in foreign policy analysis to explore points of internal contestation of national role conceptions (NRCs) and the effects and outcomes of contestation between domestic political actors. Nine detailed comparative case studies have been selected for the purpose of theoretical exploration, with an eye to illustrating the relevance of role contestation in a diversity of settings, including variation in period, geographic area, unit of analysis, and aspects of the domestic political process. This edited book includes a number of pioneering insights into how the domestic political process can have a crucial effect on how a country behaves at the global level.

Author : Paul ‘t Hart
Publisher : Johns Hopkins University Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1994-09-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0801848903

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Groupthink in Government by Paul ‘t Hart Pdf

Why do groups of talented and experienced individuals make disastrously bad collective judgments, such as the Kennedy administration's flawed decision to proceed with the Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961? In his pioneering research on collective decision making, Irving Janis introduced the concept of "groupthink"—a deliberately Orwellian neologism—to describe such occurrences. Now, in the first book-length study of groupthink since Janis's work, Paul 't Hart has provided a rigorous and systematic version of this influential theory which opens several new avenues for research.

Author : Kim Werner,Ding Ye
Publisher : UTB GmbH
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2020-05-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783825252533

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Events - Future, Trends, Perspectives by Kim Werner,Ding Ye Pdf

Events – future, trends, perspectives provides insights into many of the recent developments within the diverse event industry. International scholars and experts with backgrounds in multiple related fields have taken up exciting research topics and offer perspectives, thoughts and views on a number of current and future issues and challenges. The topics are as diverse as the industry itself and include discussions on gender and diversity, disruptive technologies, sustainability, psychological effects, the co-creation of experiences, the future of event education and many more. Vivid case studies and best practice examples are used to illustrate current and future developments and to spark discussion and debate amongst scholars, practitioners and students alike. The Corona crisis (Covid-19) is having a massive impact on the events industry. Due to the editorial deadline of this book in February 2020, this topic could not be considered in this edition. We ask for your understanding. Content: Kim Werner and Ye Ding Acknowledgements PART A Nicole Böhmer, Kim Werner and Imke Wargin Female Careers in the Event Industry – Myth, Reality or Future Vision? Susanne Doppler, Burkhard Schmidt and Liza Funke Work Stress of Event Managers Hans-Jürgen Gaida Marketing Meeting and Event Destinations in Disruptive Times: Future Challenges and Chances Steffen Ronft Event Psychology – An Interdisciplinary Approach Chunlei Wang and Xingdan Wang Theorising the “Event View” as a Kind of “World View” Helmut Schwägermann China Outbound Events – A Challenge for European MICE Destinations Markus Große Ophoff, Kai-Michael Griese and Kim Werner Event Organisations at the Interface between Sustainability and Digitalisation Hui Huang and Hanzhi Zhang Festivals and “New Retail”: A Case Study of the “Double 11” Shopping Festival in China Kim Werner, Christina Bosse and Kai-Michael Griese Slow Events: Assessing the Potential for the Event Industry of the Future PART B Aliosha Alexandrov and Kai-Michael Griese Value Co-creation and the Impact on Marketing and Event Management Curricula Xing Lan and Yi Ding Cooperative Transnational Event Management Education: A Case Study of International Event Management Shanghai (IEMS) Mattheus Louw and Thomas Temme Enhancing Student Learning in Event Management: Student Perceptions of a Business Simulation Game Ye Ding, Li Zhang and Chunlei Wang Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Event Management: Case studies from Chinese Universities Gernot Gehrke Researching the Future of Event Education Steffen Ronft Appendix: Further references concerning psychological effects and phenomena

Author : Irving Lester Janis
Publisher : Houghton Mifflin
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1972
Category : Political Science
ISBN : UOM:39015000580236

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Victims of Groupthink by Irving Lester Janis Pdf

Janis identifies the causes and fateful consequences of groupthink, the process that takes over when decision-making bodies agree for the sake of agreeing to abandon their critical judgment.